Black Definition & Meaning

A mixture of grays and blacks She was dressed in black.

Washington Post, 17 Feb. 2022 It’s during Rubber Duck’s rescue of Spider Mike, the black trucker assaulted by dirty cops.

Armond White, National Review, 16 Feb. 2022 The driver let me out at the foot of an unpaved lane bordered by trees, their crowns black and still as stone.

Lilit Marcus, CNN, 16 Feb. 2022 The suspect was last seen wearing a brown hoodie, light blue jeans and black sneakers.

Emmett Jones, Fox News, 16 Feb. 2022 Just check out the orange and black banners hanging from the 52 light poles that guard the downtown business district along Gault Avenue North.

Kelly Weill, Rolling Stone, 15 Feb. 2022 The touch of black on the accent pillow keeps the bedding from disappearing into white walls, Mr. Rolston explained.

Chris Smith, BGR, 26 Oct. 2021 Before Conan fades to black, Conan O’Brien will laugh it up one more time with Jack Black.

Netflix Official Site

444 is desperate for Ha-ram’s help, but Ha-ram isn’t easily persuaded.

Black is reminded of his consequences if Ha-ram succeeds in her endeavor.

Episode 972m.With Tiffany’s assaulter still unidentified, Ha-ram strives to protect the lives of those involved in the incident – much to Black’s annoyance.

After hearing an explanation about Mu-gang’s childhood photo, Black becomes troubled that Ha-ram doesn’t know the truth.

At the site of the protest, Ha-ram foresees a fire accident involving a small child.

As the detectives gather details about the psychopathic killer who’s shaking up the country, Black continues his frantic search for Ha-ram.

Black hurries back to the site of Ha-ram’s disappearance.

Definition Of Black By The Free Dictionary

N noir(e) m/f n to be in black and white être en noir et blanc in black and white en noir sur blancThere it is in black and whiteBUT C’est écrit noir sur blanc.

er ist nicht so schlecht wie sein Ruf black: black beetle blackberry blackboard black book black bread black cab.

Blackcurrant Black Death black economy black: Black English black-eyed Black Forest Black Forest gateau black frost.

f. black-hearted black hole Black Hole of Calcutta black humour, black humor black: blackjack n Becher black lead black-lead blackleg black lung black: black magic blackmailer Black Maria black mark n Tadel m; Eintrag m; that’s a black for or against him.

Black marketeer black mass Black Muslim Black Nationalism black: blackout n →sperre f Black Panther black pepper Black Power black pudding Black Rod.

M; at/to the black’s beim/zum Schmied black spot blackthorn black tie.

Things look pretty black c’è poco da star allegrishe looked as black as thunder aveva un’aria furiosablack coffee caffè m inv nero.

Black · PyPI

Black can be installed by running pip install black.

21.12b0 Black Fix determination of f-string expression spans.

Add primer support and test for code piped into black via STDIN. Fix internal error when FORCE OPTIONAL PARENTHESES feature is enabled.

Fix regular expression that black uses to identify f-expressions.

Fixed a rare but annoying formatting instability created by the combination of optional trailing commas inserted by Black and optional parentheses looking at pre-existing “Magic” trailing commas.

Fixed async for statements: Black no longer breaks them into separate lines.

Fixed handling of standalone comments within nested bracketed expressions; Black will no longer produce super long lines or put all standalone comments at the end of the expression.

Wikipedia

Edit] Song Seung-heon as Han Moo-gang / Black/ Kim Joon.Han Moo-Gang newly joins the detective team of the Regional Crime Unit in order to find out the truth of a case that happened 20 years before.

Towards the end of the series, she was confronted by her angered son Moo-gang, who is possessed by the grim reaper, after she murdered his older brother two decades ago.

In the end of the series, she writes a note in which she apologizes to both Moo-gang and Kim Joon before she commits suicide from drug overdose.

Kim Joon is the older brother of Han Moo-gang, and is renamed Han Moo-chan after being adopted by Moo-gang’s mother.

Moo-gang’s mother then moves to the US, where Moo-gang is raised.

Eventually, Moo-gang returns to Korea to become a detective and investigate his brother’s mysterious death, running into Ha-ram when ordering dinner.

He discovers Moo-gang’s corpse and inhabits it, and realizing his luck with finding a detective with deep connections to a person capable of seeing other grim reapers, lives as Moo-gang to hunt down his missing comrade.

Top Cryptocurrency Exchanges Ranked By Volume

Cryptocurrency exchanges are platforms that allow traders to buy and sell cryptocurrencies, derivatives and other crypto-related assets.

Ever since the original cryptocurrency launched globally, crypto exchanges began looking for ways to make crypto-trading legal and accessible to more people.

Some of the top crypto exchanges of the time managed to persevere and become leaders, holding their position to the present day.

There are several different methods in which cryptocurrency exchanges can make a profit.

Some exchanges also offer a flat-fee charge, which does not take into account the amount of traded cryptocurrency but charges a set amount for every successful transaction.

Exchanges started introducing derivative trading as the cryptocurrency market grew and started attracting more customers.

Huobi Global , founded in 2013, is one of the top crypto exchanges to trade derivatives.

Best Crypto Exchanges Of March 2022 – Forbes Advisor

Beyond fees, when choosing the best crypto exchange for your needs, consider things like security, trading volumes, educational resources and whether an exchange lists the cryptocurrencies you’re interested in buying.

Leading exchanges like Binance and KuCoin have been hacked, resulting in tens of millions of dollars in losses.

While exchanges often reimburse those whose coins are stolen, nobody wants to be in that position in the first place.

You can minimize your risk by spreading your crypto purchases across multiple exchanges.

Make it a habit to move your crypto holdings out of an exchange’s default wallet to your own secure “Cold” wallet.

You might be perfectly fine using a crypto exchange that only trades a few coins.

If you’re an advanced crypto trader, you may want to make sure your preferred exchange offers the trading types-like limit orders, which can prevent slippage by setting a hard price-and margin you want.

Best Crypto Exchanges Of 2022

These exchanges are private companies that offer platforms to trade cryptocurrency.

The larger, more popular centralized exchanges are by far the easiest on-ramp for new users, and they even provide some level of insurance should their systems fail.

Decentralized Exchange Decentralized exchanges work in the same manner that Bitcoin does.

Decentralized exchanges are unregulated online exchanges hosted on distributed nodes that are user-owned, and there is no centralized governing authority.

How Do You Buy Cryptocurrency? To purchase cryptocurrency, most centralized exchanges allow you to deposit funds via your bank account, credit card, or debit card.

If you want to take custody of the cryptocurrency yourself, most exchanges allow you to transfer it to your “Hot” or “Cold” wallet, along with the private keys for that cryptocurrency.

How Do You Open a Cryptocurrency Exchange Account? To open a cryptocurrency exchange account, most exchanges require that you create an online account and provide proof of identity.

Bitcoin & Cryptocurrency Exchange

Unlike traditional trading platforms, we don’t charge a flat fee for every trade you make – and there’s never any guesswork or hidden costs.

Our volume-based, investor-friendly fee structure rewards you for trading so you can make more trades for less.

Cryptocurrency Exchange

Dedicated cryptocurrency exchanges such as Binance and Coinbase do allow cryptocurrency withdrawals, however.

The exchanges can send cryptocurrency to a user’s personal cryptocurrency wallet.

Following the launch of a decentralized cryptocurrency bitcoin in 2008 and the subsequent introduction of other cryptocurrencies, many virtual platforms were created specifically for the exchange of decentralized cryptocurrencies.

In February 2014, Mt. Gox, the largest cryptocurrency exchange at the time, suspended trading, closed its website and exchange service, and filed for bankruptcy protection in Japan from creditors.

According to the survey, the top three cryptocurrency exchanges are Binance, Huobi, and OKEX. Other data points in the survey included the problems that cryptocurrency traders experience with cryptocurrency exchanges and the expectation of traders.

In 2018, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission maintained that “If a platform offers trading of digital assets that are securities and operates as an”exchange,” as defined by the federal securities laws, then the platform must register with the SEC as a national securities exchange or be exempt from registration”.

Among the Asian countries, Japan is more forthcoming and regulations mandate the need for a special license from the Financial Services Authority to operate a cryptocurrency exchange.

What Is Ultra-Wideband And What Does UWB Do?

The advantage that UWB offers over existing technologies is that it’s much better at ranging with greater accuracy, so two UWB devices would know where the other was with much greater precision than Bluetooth or GPS. Samsung describes UWB as a “Continuously scanning radar that can precisely lock onto an object, discover its location and communicate with it.” An important part is that UWB uses a time-of-flight system for its data, so it knows the range between two UWB devices very precisely.

The first application of UWB we saw came from Apple, with the U1 chip in the iPhone 11.

For Apple Car Key, using UWB in the car and the U1 chip in the Watch or iPhone means it knows exactly where that device is, and for the HomePod mini, the hand-off is more seamless because it knows exactly where the iPhone is and what you’re doing.

Samsung UWB. Apple isn’t the only company to use UWB. Samsung just calls it UWB rather than branding it like Apple does, but it’s the same technology.

Just like Apple, Samsung’s use of UWB feeds into location functions.

The first BMW to support the UWB functions provided by Apple’s U1 chip will be the BMW iX, its electric SUV. UWB’s precise location ranging is important here, because it means that signal relay theft is no longer possible, where simpler radio signals are boosted to make the car think a keyfob is nearby.

It’s been reported that Google has adding a UWB API for Android, meaning UWB applications are likely to land on Android devices – beyond the Samsung phone we’ve already mentioned.

What Is Ultra-Wideband? Here’S Everything You Need To Know

How is it going to change your business? What is so attractive about UWB that Apple decided to add it to iPhones? Here’s everything you need to know about Ultra-wideband technology that is going to revolutionise our world.

Here is a summary of the main difference between UWB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and RFID. UWB vs. Bluetooth At first UWB and Bluetooth may sound very much the same.

WiFi requires much more power than UWB that is why all routers need to be plugged in to the power outlet at all times.

Ultra Fast – Bluetooth-based location sensing takes at least two seconds to get a fix on your location, UWB is thousand times faster which means that there is no lag and user experience is seamless.

What’s next for UWB Currently only the iPhone has a built-in UWB chip but it is just the beginning of an ultra wideband revolution as other smartphone manufacturers are soon going to follow.

Consumer electronics giants like Samsung and Sony, chipmakers Decawave and NXP, carmakers Volkswagen, Hyundai, and Jaguar Land Rover, and car electronics powerhouse Bosch have all announced their work on new devices that support UWB. Apple has also patented the use of UWB, or ultra wideband, to recognize when you’re approaching your car to unlock its doors.

UWB can potentially be used in everything from wireless printers to contactless payments.

Ultra-Wideband

UWB pulses can be sent sporadically at relatively low pulse rates to support time or position modulation, but can also be sent at rates up to the inverse of the UWB pulse bandwidth.

Pulse-UWB systems have been demonstrated at channel pulse rates in excess of 1.3 billion pulses per second using a continuous stream of UWB pulses, while supporting forward error-correction encoded data rates in excess of 675 Mbit/s.

In November 2020, Android Open Source Project received first patches related to an upcoming UWB API; feature-complete UWB support is expected in later versions of Android.

While a 2013 report highlighted the issue with the use of UWB waveforms due to target range migration during the integration interval, more recent studies have suggested that UWB waveforms can demonstrate better performance compared to conventional Doppler processing as long as a correct matched filter is used.

Slow progress in UWB standards development, the cost of initial implementation, and performance significantly lower than initially expected are several reasons for the limited use of UWB in consumer products.

A February 14, 2002 FCC Report and Order authorized the unlicensed use of UWB in the frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. The FCC power spectral density emission limit for UWB transmitters is −41.3 dBm/MHz.

Notched UWB antennas and filters are designed for coexistence of UWB devices with the narrowband devices.

Ultra Wideband Technology

Designed with over 25 years of expertise, Zebra’s Ultra Wideband products provide you with a world-class platform enabling accurate asset and personnel visibility solutions.

Our products are designed for applications that require precise and high update rate real-time location of assets and personnel.

Unlike other systems which limit sensors to specific coverage cells, Zebra’s solutions can be used over your entire facility, yielding maximum coverage.

With maximum coverage you will have visibility into your entire business and operations, providing you with actionable data in order to make smarter decisions.

Zebra’s advanced UWB real-time location solution is capable of delivering thousands of tag blinks per second at up to 30 cm accuracy.

Zebra’s real-time technology will allow you to streamline and automate your business operations to harness the visible value chain for business intelligence.

With smart operations your business will be able to execute and plan in real-time, increasing efficiently and creating new opportunities.

What Is Ultra-Wideband And How Does It Work? 📡

UWB is a very high frequency which means it does not have a long-range but its ability to send large amounts of information quickly makes it great for short distances where latency is not important.

UWB contains no major disadvantages but does have some restrictions in distance and frequency.

In order to understand how UWB works you need to know what it is made of and what makes UWB so unique from all the other types of technologies out there today.

There are two main types of UWB signals: UWB-CDMA and UWB-OFDM. UWB-CDMA is used in wireless communication standards such as Bluetooth UWB, Wireless USB UWB, and ZigBee Ultra-Wideband, which you might be familiar with from consumer-grade smart home solutions.

These technologies use the same basic principles of pulsed UWBs but they vary in how their signals are transmitted over the air.

Ultra-wideband technology, UWB for short, is a term used to describe a range of wireless technologies that operate in the frequency spectrum from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz. UWB is commonly used for high-speed data transfers, low latency communication, and UWB Positioning Systems.

UWB technology is not new, but how telecommunication technology companies use it nowadays wildly differs from how it was used originally.

What Is 5G Ultra Wideband? How Your Phone’S Internet May Soon Change

The carrier refers to both its mmWave and C-band networks as 5G Ultra Wideband, so if you’re connected to any of those, then you might see those words on your phone’s status bar.

The carrier refers to slower, low frequency 5G as Nationwide 5G – though on your handset it might simply say ‘5G’. But the names don’t end there, as the other US carriers have their own terminology.

Then it uses just 5G for low frequency 5G, and 5G Plus for C-band and mmWave.

T-Mobile meanwhile uses Extended Range 5G to describe low frequency 5G, and Ultra Capacity 5G for C-band and mmWave.

While there are now entirely too many names for 5G, the 5G Ultra Wideband one could be extra confusing, because Apple and some other companies such as Google also use Ultra Wideband technology – and this has nothing to do with 5G. Also known as UWB, this is a technology that is used by AirTags among other devices, and enables precise location tracking.

For the most part, most phones sold in a country will support the various 5G frequencies used there, but they won’t always support those used abroad. In the case of the UK, that also means some handsets don’t support mmWave – which isn’t much of a problem as no mmWave 5G is offered there, but one day it might be.

Even within a country not every 5G phone will necessarily support every 5G frequency, especially in the case of C-band in the US, which because it’s only newly been offered isn’t supported by every handset.

What Is Ultra Wideband, And Why Is It In The IPhone 11?

Apple’s new iPhone 11 devices include a “U1” chip with ultra-wideband technology.

Apple didn’t bother mentioning this feature during the iPhone 11 release event, but it is noted on Apple’s website.

Initially, Apple only advertises one UWB feature: When the iOS 13.1 update arrives on September 24, “AirDrop gets even better with directionally aware suggestions.” In other words, you can point your iPhone at someone else’s iPhone and AirDrop will know you probably want to send things to them.

Which provides indoor positioning services for industrial environments using ultra-wideband, says that its system’s accuracy is between 10-30cm as opposed to 1-3 meters with Bluetooth beacons or 5-15 meters with Wi-Fi. What’s It Doing in the iPhone 11? Apple.

This technology is part of the iPhone 11, iPhone 11 Pro, and iPhone 11 Pro Max.

In the future, UWB could enable an iPhone to detect a tracker much more precisely without the sound.

How to Set Up and Pair an Apple AirTag to iPhone or iPad. What’s New in iOS 14.

ScienceDirect Topics

The advantages of the synchronous motor are the ease with which the power factor can be controlled and the constant rotational speed of the machine, irrespective of the applied load. Synchronous motors are generally more expensive and a d.c. supply is a necessary feature of the rotor excitation.

In addition to power factor considerations, synchronous motor efficiency is higher than that of similar induction motors.

Motor generator sets and static excitors have been widely used for low-speed synchronous motors and when a number of motors are supplied from a single excitation bus.

Using alternating current, the power consumed, called the active or actual power, is considered the energy used by the resistive load. The synchronous motor supplies a unity or leading factor, and an induction motor provides a unity or lagging factor.

At the low-power end, the current-source SPWM inverter-driven synchronous motors have become very popular in recent years in the form of permanent-magnet brushless dc and ac synchronous motor drives in servo-type applications.

There are certain features of three-phase synchronous motors that have allowed them, especially the lower capacity motors, to be controlled with high dynamic performance using cheaper control hardware than is required for the induction motor of similar capacity.

Since the average speed of the synchronous motor is precisely related to the supply frequency, which can be precisely controlled, multimotor drives with a fixed speed ratio among them are also good candidates for synchronous motor drives.

Synchronous Motors: Definition, Working Principle, Types, And Applications

One of the many kinds of motors that has come to our aid in recent decades is Synchronous motor.

In the beginning, we prepared for you a simple definition of synchronous motors which helps you to enter further sections.

To support the machine, footings or frame mounts are used and slip rings and brushes are used to excite field windings with DC. A synchronous motor uses cylindrical and round rotors for 6 pole applications.

The construction of a synchronous motor has the same construction as a synchronous alternator does.

The Main Features of Synchronous Motors The first feature of the synchronous motors is that the speed is independent of the load. It means that the speed of the motor is not affected by the variation of the load. The second main feature is they are not self-starting and they need a prime mover to rotate the motor at their synchronous speed.

Some other applications make use of synchronous motors such as ball mills, clocks, and record player turntables.

To make it clear for you, we analyzed the working principle of synchronous motors and elaborated on how they work.

Synchronous Motor

A synchronous electric motor is an AC electric motor in which, at steady state, the rotation of the shaft is synchronized with the frequency of the supply current; the rotation period is exactly equal to an integral number of AC cycles.

The synchronous motor and the induction motor are the most widely used types of AC motors.

Small synchronous motors are used in timing applications such as in synchronous clocks, timers in appliances, tape recorders and precision servomechanisms in which the motor must operate at a precise speed; speed accuracy is that of the power line frequency, which is carefully controlled in large interconnected grid systems.

The stator of synchronous motor and stator of induction motor are similar in construction.

Very large motor systems may include a “Pony” motor that accelerates the unloaded synchronous machine before load is applied.

“Very small synchronous motors are commonly used in line-powered electric mechanical clocks or timers that use the power line frequency to run the gear mechanism at the correct speed. Such small synchronous motors are able to start without assistance if the moment of inertia of the rotor and its mechanical load is sufficiently small will be accelerated from slip speed up to synchronous speed during an accelerating half cycle of the reluctance torque.” Single-phase synchronous motors such as in electric wall clocks can freely rotate in either direction unlike a shaded-pole type.

The maximum load torque that can be applied to a motor without losing its synchronism is called steady state stability limit of a synchronous motor.

Electronics Textbook

Large synchronous motors are a few percent more efficient than the more common induction motors, though the synchronous motor is more complex.

A 4-pole motor would rotate at 1800 rpm, a 12-pole motor at 600 rpm.

The block diagram shows the drive electronics associated with a low voltage synchronous motor.

These motors have a position sensor integrated within the motor, which provides a low-level signal with a frequency proportional to the speed of rotation of the motor.

Would ripple torque be a problem for a motor used in a tape player? Yes, we do not want the motor to alternately speed and slow as it moves audiotape past a tape playback head. Would ripple torque be a problem for a fan motor? No. Windings distributed in a belt produce a more sinusoidal field.

If a motor is driven by sine waves of current synchronous with the motor back emf, it is classified as a synchronous AC motor, regardless of whether the drive waveforms are generated by electronic means.

The advent of modern solid-state electronics makes it possible to drive these motors at variable speed.

Synchronous Motors Dr. Suad Ibrahim Shahl III. Synchronous Motors Synchronous Motors are three-phase AC motors which run at synchronous speed, Synchronous motors have the following characteristics: A three-phase stator similar to that of an induction motor.

Synchronous motors will run at synchronous speed in accordance with the formula: Example: the speed of a 24 -Pole Synchronous Motor operating at 60 Hz would be: 120 x 60 / 24 = 7200 / 24 = 300 RPM Synchronous Motor Operation The squirrel-cage Amortisseur winding in the rotor produces Starting Torque and Accelerating Torque to bring the synchronous motor up to speed.

Pull-out protection must be provided otherwise the motor will run as an induction motor drawing high current with the possibility of severe motor damage.

Synchronous motors are often direct-coupled to the load and may share a common shaft and bearings with the load. Large synchronous motors are usually started acrossthe- line.

2 Synchronous Motors Dr. Suad Ibrahim Shahl Equivalent Circuit and Phasor Diagram of a Synchronous Motor The steady-state performance characteristics of the synchronous motor may be studied using the equivalent circuit shown in Fig.

A synchronous motor is to be installed to raise the power factor to 0.9 lagging when the motor is taking 200 kW. Calculate the corresponding apparent power taken by the motor and the power factor at which it operates.

It’may be an induction motor which can run on a synchronous speed closer to the synchronous speed of the main motor.

Definition, Construction, Working & Its Features

Definition: The motor which runs at synchronous speed is known as the synchronous motor.

The synchronous speed is the constant speed at which the motor generates the electromotive force.

The rotor is designed in two ways, i.e., the salient pole rotor and the non-salient pole rotor.

The rotor of the synchronous motor is made with the laminations of the steel.

The salient pole rotor is mostly used for designing the medium and low-speed motor.

For obtaining the high-speed cylindrical rotor is used in the motor.

Main Features of Synchronous Motor The speed of the synchronous motor is independent of the load, i.e., the variation of the load does not affect the speed of the motor.

Hearing Aids: How To Choose The Right One

Most hearing aids are digital, and all are powered with a traditional hearing aid battery or a rechargeable battery.

Hearing aid designers keep making smaller hearing aids to meet the demand for a hearing aid that is not very noticeable.

An open-fit hearing aid is a variation of the behind-the-ear hearing aid with a thin tube or the receiver-in-the-canal or receiver-in-the-ear hearing aid with an open dome in the ear.

Some hearing aids come with a remote control, so you can adjust features without touching the hearing aid.

For an individual with two hearing aids, the aids can be programmed to function together so that adjustments made to a hearing aid on one ear will also be made on the other aid, allowing for simpler control.

If you have hearing loss in both ears, you will get best results with two hearing aids.

Hearing aids can’t restore normal hearing or eliminate all background noise.

Styles/Types & How They Work

Hearing aids work differently depending on the electronics used.

Analog/programmable circuitry can be used in all types of hearing aids.

Digital circuitry can be used in all types of hearing aids.

The hearing aid that will work best for you depends on the kind and severity of your hearing loss.

Ask how to test it in listening environments where you have problems with hearing.

Ask your audiologist how long you should wear your hearing aid while you are adjusting to it.

A whistling sound can be caused by a hearing aid that does not fit or work well or is clogged by earwax or fluid.

Hearing Aids: The Different Types & How They Work

Not everyone with hearing loss can benefit from hearing aids.

If you have hearing loss in both ears, it’s probably best to wear two hearing aids.

Learn more about wax guards for hearing aids and how they work.

Learn more about the different types of hearing aids, including frequency-shifting hearing aids.

There are other types of hearing aids for specific types of hearing loss.

Take time to learn how your hearing aids work and insist on a good fit.

Behind-the-ear hearing aids give you more flexibility since they can be programmed for a wider range of hearing loss.

Hearing Aids And Audiology Clinic

Whether you’re experiencing hearing loss for the first time or looking to change your hearing aids, your local Richmond Amplifon hearing clinic has a solution for you.

We know that customization is key; every ear and every solution is different.

That’s why we offer a range of top-quality products at competitive prices, ensuring you never miss hearing a precious moment again.

The Amplifon Promise in Richmond, BC. We want you to feel at ease about your hearing aid purchase.

That’s why we offer a 90-day, risk-free trial that allows our customers to try our hearing aids and decide if they like them.

Instead of feeling like you’re always missing out, you can wear our hearing aids and get the full experience as you live life and interact with other people.

Come into our hearing clinic in Richmond to see the wide variety of hearing aids that we have to offer.

Hearing Aid

A hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with hearing loss.

A CROS hearing aid is a hearing aid that transmits auditory information from one side of the head to the other side of the head. Candidates include people who have poor word understanding on one side, no hearing on one side, or who are not benefiting from a hearing aid on one side.

Hearing aid mode is a hearing correction system that corrects the user’s hearing in accordance with the user’s hearing thresholds.

The hearing professional determines the gain and other specifications required for the wearer, and then adjusts the analog components either with small controls on the hearing aid itself or by having a laboratory build the hearing aid to meet those specifications.

Control signals in a hearing aid on one ear can be sent wirelessly to the control circuitry in the hearing aid on the opposite ear to ensure that the audio in both ears is either matched directly or that the audio contains intentional differences that mimic the differences in normal binaural hearing to preserve spatial hearing ability.

Almost ten years later the second stage began with the creation of the hybrid hearing aid, in which the analog components of a conventional hearing aid consisting of amplifiers, filters and signal limiting were combined with a separate digital programmable component in a conventional hearing aid case.

Hearing aids in the Republic of Ireland are exempt from VAT. Hearing aid providers in Ireland mostly belong to the Irish Society of Hearing Aid Audiologists.

GN STORE NORD A/S

CI. 02/11Trading in GN Store Nord shares by board members, executives and associated persons.

GL. 02/11Trading in GN Store Nord shares by board members, executives and associated persons.

CO. 02/07GN brings outstanding sound quality and hands-free calls to more people than ever befor.

GN Store Nord

The aim of the firm was to create a worldwide telegraph company.

The starting point of The Great Northern Telegraph Company was a concession agreement, which C.F. Tietgen made with the Russian Tzar in 1869.

The agreement gave The Great Northern Telegraph Company exclusive rights – and obligations – to establish and run a telegraph line in Russia.

World War II caused great damage to the telegraph lines around the world, which meant that in 1945 the company had only two lines left; the England-Faroes-Iceland line and the Sweden-Finland line.

Over the following decades, The Great Northern Telegraph Company balanced between investing in the telecommunications industry and other industries.

On the industry side, it invested in companies such as Lauritz Knudsen, which produced electrical goods, and in 1947, the radiotelephone production company Storno with the aim of creating a new group identity and organizing its businesses.

Today, GN Audio is a world leader in Unified Communications headsets, and within the last couple of years the company has managed to be the first at introducing a number of innovative products on the market.

GN Store Nord A/S Stock Quote

GN Store Nord A/S engages in the telecommunications and hearing instruments business.

It also engages in the development and manufacture of headsets and speaker phones for hands-free communications, hearing aids as well as audiological, otoneurologic, and vestibular instrumentation.

The company was founded by Carl Frederik Tietgen on June 1, 1869 and is headquartered in Ballerup, Denmark.

Wikipedia, Den Frie Encyklopædi

Det Store Nordiske Telegraf-Selskab tog afsæt i en koncessionsaftale som Tietgen i 1869 fik med den russiske zar, som gav firmaet eneret på at oprette og drive telegraflinjer i Rusland.

Selve anlægsarbejdet i Rusland blev forestået af den russiske regering som allerede på det tidspunkt havde trukket kabler et godt stykke ind i Sibirien, men som ville have en samarbejdspartner til at dække Kina og Japan, før det gav mening at fortsætte ruslandslinien helt østpå til Vladivostok.

Batterifabrikken Hellesens var den første investering, der således tegnede de nye tider, selvom det skete allerede i 1939.

Man besluttede at satse en stor del af den sum på datterselskabet NetTest, der havde udviklet sig stærkt fra det gamle Elmi og som i den periode blev set som GN’s fremtidige guldæg.

Det meste af Sonofon-provenuet forsvandt på den måde indenfor et år, og aktionærerne rasede både i medierne og på generalforsamlingen.

Oktober 2006 meddelte GN Store Nord, at man havde indgået aftale om at sælge GN ReSound samt det mindre GN Otometrics, der fremstiller audiologisk måleudstyr, til det schweiziske Sonova.

Det Store Nordiske Telegraf-Selskabs storpolitiske spil efter den russiske revolution, København: Gyldendal 1997.

Wonderful Sound For All

Supporting professionals to deliver the best careOur goal is to make it possible for all hearing care professionals to deliver the best hearing care in the easiest way.

We provide the products, software and services they need to create satisfied, loyal customers.

Expanding access to hearing aids and careBy making hearing aids and care accessible through more channels, we can reach more people around the world.

From audiologists to retailers and new digital models, everyone has a role to play in fulfilling unmet needs.

Driving transformation to move hearing care forwardHearing impacts quality of life and economic opportunity.

Leading innovation to build distinct hearing brandsWe are committed to enabling our brands to provide market leading solutions at all relevant price points.

This means developing highly competitive device platforms and digital services that address diverse needs while taking advantage of our scale and unique capabilities.

WS Audiology

WS Audiology is a privately-owned manufacturer of hearing aids with headquarters in Denmark and Singapore with roots going back to 1878 and Siemens AG. The current company was created following the 2019 merger of Sivantos Group and Widex.

In 1956, the company produced its first model, the Widex 561.

In 2004, the company created the world’s first hearing aid in which right and left devices were synchronized and in 2008, the world’s smallest receiver-in-canal hearing aid.

In 2015, Swedish private equity firm EQT bought Siemens Audiology Solutions for more than 2 billion euros and renamed the company Sivantos.

The combined company changed its name to WS Audiology in 2019.

WS Audiology is led by CEO Eric Bernard, who joined the company in June 2019.

In 2015, the company and Sivantos Group entered into a strategic partnership and investment agreement.

WS Audiology EMEA, LATAM & Canada

Our people have a passion for innovation and are committed to applying it to help make wonderful sound part of everyone’s life.

There is nothing more rewarding to us than seeing someone regain the miracle of hearing and watching them thrive.

Today over half a billion people suffer from some level of hearing loss – this is a crisis that holds people back and impacts all aspects of society.

With hearing aids as our core, we have a clear strategy to achieve wonderful sound for all.

Our inventions have helped hearing care professionals deliver the best hearing care for over 100 years.

Formed in 2019 through the merger of Sivantos and Widex, WS Audiology combines more than 140 years of experience and expertise.

Today, WS Audiology continues to pioneer the use of technology to help people with hearing loss enjoy the sounds that make life wonderful.

Domain Name System

The top of the hierarchy is served by the root name servers, the servers to query when looking up a TLD. An authoritative name server is a name server that only gives answers to DNS queries from data that has been configured by an original source, for example, the domain administrator or by dynamic DNS methods, in contrast to answers obtained via a query to another name server that only maintains a cache of data.

Domain name resolvers determine the domain name servers responsible for the domain name in question by a sequence of queries starting with the right-most domain label.

With only authoritative name servers operating, every DNS query must start with recursive queries at the root zone of the Domain Name System and each user system would have to implement resolver software capable of recursive operation.

To improve efficiency, reduce DNS traffic across the Internet, and increase performance in end-user applications, the Domain Name System supports DNS cache servers which store DNS query results for a period of time determined in the configuration of the domain name record in question.

Typically, such caching DNS servers also implement the recursive algorithm necessary to resolve a given name starting with the DNS root through to the authoritative name servers of the queried domain.

The A record is used to translate from a domain name to an IPv4 address, the NS record lists which name servers can answer lookups on a DNS zone, and the MX record specifies the mail server used to handle mail for a domain specified in an e-mail address.

In addition to resource records defined in a zone file, the domain name system also defines several request types that are used only in communication with other DNS nodes, such as when performing zone transfers or for EDNS. The domain name system supports wildcard DNS records which specify names that start with the asterisk label, ‘*’, e.g., *.example.

Division.company.com Domains within an organization do not have to be uniform in number of subdomains or levels Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-5 Name Hierarchy Name space is not related to physical interconnection, e.g., math.

Us A name could be a subdomain or an individual object Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-6 Top Level Domains Domain Name com edu gov mil net org arpa country code Assignment Commercial Educational Government Military Network Other organizations Advanced Research Project Agency au, uk, ca Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-7 Server Hierarchy com com foobar foobar soap soap candy candy peanut almond walnut peanut almond walnut Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-8 Server Hierarchy Servers are organized in a hierarchy Each server has an authority over a part of the naming hierarchy The server does not need to keep all names.

It needs to know other servers who are responsible for other subdomains Contiguous space A single node in the naming tree cannot be split A given level of hierarchy can be partitioned into multiple servers Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-9 Server Hierarchy Authority has the name to address translation table Responsible Either has the name to address translation table or knows the server who has A single server can serve multiple domains, e.g., purdue.

Us Root server knows about servers for top-level domains, e.g., com Each server knows the root server Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-10 Server Hierarchy: Example Root Server Server for com Server for dec.com Server for edu Server for gov Server Server for for osu.

Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-16 DNS Optimization Spatial Locality: Local computers referenced more often than remote Temporal Locality: Same set of domains referenced repeatedly Caching Each entry has a time to live Replication: Multiple servers.

Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-17 Abbreviations Servers respond to a full name only However, humans may specify only a partial name Resolvers may fill in the rest of the suffix, e.g., Liberia.

Arpa Raj Jain The Ohio State University 24-23 Types of DNS Entries DNS is used not just for name to address resolution But also for finding mail server, pop server, responsible person, etc for a computer DNS database has multiple types Record type A Address of X Record type MX Mail exchanger of X CNAME entry = Alias name, “See name” www.

What Is A Domain Name System & How It Works?

When you type in a URL in your browser, DNS resolves the domain name into an IP address.

The latest report shows there were 342.4 million domain names in the third quarter of 2018 and we would have been lost without DNS to resolve them into IP address.

Your computer loads the local DNS cache database to see if you already requested the IP for that domain name.

DNS cache expedites this lookup process since the computer contains the information it needs and does not have to forward the request to your ISP. Step 3 – Contact ISP and its Recursive DNS Server to Resolve a Domain Name.

A computer’s local DNS cache database does not always contain the necessary data to resolve a domain name.

If ISP’s recursive DNS server cannot resolve the domain name, it contacts other DNS servers to provide the information back to you.

It covered the essential DNS functions and what needs to happen before you can connect to an online server using its domain name.

Domain Name System

Each node in a tree has a domain name, and a full domain name is a sequence of symbols specified by dots.

DNS is a service that translates the domain name into IP addresses.

The domain name is more reliable than IP address.

The domain name space is divided into three different sections: generic domains, country domains, and inverse domain.

Label Description aero Airlines and aerospace companies biz Businesses or firms com Commercial Organizations coop Cooperative business Organizations edu Educational institutions gov Government institutions info Information service providers int International Organizations mil Military groups museum Museum & other nonprofit organizations name Personal names net Network Support centers org Nonprofit Organizations pro Professional individual Organizations Country Domain.

The inverse domain is used for mapping an address to a name.

Client requests contain a name which is converted into an IP address known as a forward DNS lookups while requests containing an IP address which is converted into a name known as reverse DNS lookups.

What Is A Domain Name System?

In this post, we’ll take a closer look at how the domain name system works and offer some best practices for DNS configuration and security.

There are four types of DNS servers-also known as domain name system servers or nameservers-that run behind the scenes, translating domain names into IP addresses which in turn allows users to access web resources.

Since the internet is made up of such a huge network of websites and resources-today, there are more than 350 million domain names-it needs to be distributed across different DNS servers, which are further organized into smaller DNS zones.

Once the operating system has checked its cache, the request is sent to a DNS resolver, which queries the DNS root nameserver.

Protecting DNS server access with MFA, updating servers regularly, uninstalling unnecessary applications, and enabling domain name system security extensions can all help to prevent these attacks.

DNS hijacking can be avoided using trusted DNS services, such as Google Public DNS, and checking a domain’s historical data for record changes.

What’s next for the DNS? When we think about the future of the DNS, we think about security-and that’s where domain name system security extensions come into play.

What Is DNS? Domain Name System Explained

This is called DNS name resolution and involves a DNS recursor querying various nameservers to figure out the actual IP address of a server.

There are many other types of web services that are associated with a domain through DNS records: email, SFTP, hosting control panels, webmail applications, and phpMyAdmin just to name a few.

When you make a change to the DNS of a given domain – such as updating a DNS record or switching nameservers – those changes take some time to take effect.

Free DNS vs Premium DNS. You can find both free DNS and premium DNS. All Kinsta customers get access to premium DNS via Amazon Route 53.

Typically, the free DNS that you’ll get from your domain name registrar is comparatively slow, whereas premium DNS often offers better performance.

For a good middle-ground between the free DNS provided by your domain registrar and premium DNS, Cloudflare DNS is a free service that still offers many of the benefits of premium DNS. Just be aware – if you use Cloudflare DNS, you won’t be able to use the included premium DNS from Amazon Route 53.

To recap, DNS is used to associate web-based services, such as website hosting and email, with a domain name.

What Is A Domain Name System?

The acronym for Domain Name System is DNS. It is a naming system that works hierarchically and is decentralized for computers, servers, services, resources, network devices and components that are present on large networks such as the public Internet.

The entry for DNS servers could be few or many, as there would be multiple DNS servers.

It is a system that uses at least one DNS server to resolve DNS-names.

DNS is used because computers and servers do not understand human-readable alphabetic domain names, where humans do not understand and remember numeric IP addresses, which the computers and servers can.

DNS service or server is an Internet service in general, thus maps or translates human readable domain names into machine or Computer readable IP addresses.

Step 2 Now IP is a bit complicated to share so people came up with an idea of domain names which basically stores the IP address mapped to their name.

Step 3 Now, a DNS translates every domain name to its IP address so every browser can access that particular website.

The Leading Enterprise-Level Domain Registrar

The leading enterprise-level domain registrar – MarkMonitor Domain management A global web presence is essential for building strong brands and driving commercial success.

As an ICANN-accredited registrar and recognized industry leader since 1999, MarkMonitor serves some of the largest brands in the world, chosen for our unmatched expertise, superior security and dedication to service.

Domain security Attacks against domain names and domain registration accounts can deliver devastating consequences to your brand reputation, to customer trust and to your bottom line.

SSL Certificate Management Using the MarkMonitor Certificate Management solution, you can order and track SSL Certificates across your enterprise and make time-consuming and complex authentication a thing of the past.

Brand TLD services Whether you’re preparing to apply for a.brand TLD or looking to maximize the effectiveness of one you already own, MarkMonitor can help.

Domain consulting services Let MarkMonitor help you create and execute corporate domain portfolio strategies across the domain management lifecycle.

We focus on maximizing the business value of domain portfolios, carefully gauging the potential business impact of online threats and opportunities.

MarkMonitor

MarkMonitor Inc. is an American software company founded in 1999.

MarkMonitor acquired AllDomains in 2001 and DtecNet in 2010.

MarkMonitor was founded in 1999 in Boise, Idaho and its initial business as a service provider for the protection of corporate trademarks on the Internet.

In 2000, MarkMonitor gained ICANN accreditation status for domain registration and acquired a domain management business called AllDomains the following year.

According to the MarkMonitor web site, it has been publishing a report called the Brandjacking Index since 2007, to assess how Internet threats affect corresponding brands.

According to MarkMonitor, it develops and markets brand protection software and services to combat counterfeiting, piracy, cybersquatting and paid search scams in four categories; domain management, antifraud software, brand protection and antipiracy.

The Idaho Statesman reported that “MarkMonitor safeguards more than half of the Fortune 100 brands”.

10 Reviews Of Markmonitor.Com

MarkMonitor is a company which should be of interest to many SJ readers, since it operates on behalf of trademark owners in enforcing their rights and ultimately shutting down sites and sellers that trade illegally in counterfeits or unauthorized products.

Results, according to the published case study, are pretty impressive, with $4.35 million in illegally advertised goods taken offline in a 90-day period.

Although the site is squarely aimed at commercial brand-owners, there’s useful information for general readers here too, if you nose around a bit.

“… identified more than 1,300 e-commerce Web sites selling questionable jerseys featuring one or more of the five brands in the study. The sites attracted more than 56 million annual visits and sell an estimated 800,000 units annually. The vast majority of these sites were linked to Chinese domain name registrants or registrars.”

“The study also discovered more than 4,000 individual, unauthorized suppliers that appear to be offering phony merchandise on twelve B2B exchange sites. This supply chain consists of suppliers who are based predominantly in Asia and are estimated to sell 300,000 jerseys annually.”

“Along with their distribution prowess, these fraudsters display a high level of sophistication in promoting their sites and attracting traffic. During the study period, we examined almost 480,000 paid search ads, triggered by more than 280 keyword combinations and found almost 28% of these ads promoted suspicious goods, driving an estimated 11 million annual visits.”

This site gives you an insight into the dangers out there, and some of the behind-the-scenes players who are in the business of meeting those dangers and neutralizing them.

Idaho Company Registers Website That Suggests New Name For NFL’S Washington Football Team

MERIDIAN – An Idaho tech company has registered a website domain tied to what may be the new name of the NFL’s Washington Football Team.

The Washington Football team – previously known as the Redskins, a name that came under increasing criticism over a number of years for being derogatory toward American Indians – is set to announce the team’s new name on Wednesday.

The team stopped using its former name in 2020 following pressure from the NFL and sponsors during a spate of name changes brought in the wake of protests after George Floyd was killed by police in Minneapolis.

The team considered a number of new names and narrowed the list to Commanders and seven other possibilities, including continued use of Washington Football Team.

Reaction to the potential new Washington Football Team name has been mixed.

“I grew up in North Carolina. The only football team we could get on TV was the Redskins. I feel like I’m the biggest Redskin fan in the world – whatever that name is, we are Washington football fans and we’re gonna get behind it.”

Mann, a four-time Pro Bowl selection, took part in a call with other Washington Football Team legends to gauge interest in the new name.

What Is Synthetic Aperture Radar?

While most scientists using remote sensing are familiar with passive, optical images from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Landsat, NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, and the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-2, another type of remote sensing data is making waves: Synthetic Aperture Radar, or SAR. SAR is a type of active data collection where a sensor produces its own energy and then records the amount of that energy reflected back after interacting with the Earth.

The spatial resolution of radar data is directly related to the ratio of the sensor wavelength to the length of the sensor’s antenna.

Specializes in handling of acquisition metadata, formatting of preprocessed data for further analysis, and options for exporting data to Data Cube.

Sentinel and various past and present satellite missions Generic Mapping Tools Synthetic Aperture Radar ConocoPhillips, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and San Diego State University GMTSAR adds interferometric processing capabilities to Generic Mapping Tools, command line tools used to manipulate geographic data and create maps.

TERRASARX. UAVSAR. MapReady Alaska Satellite Facility A GUI used to terrain-correct, geocode, and apply polarimetric decompositions to multi-polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data.

One of the limitations of working with SAR data has been the somewhat tedious preprocessing steps that lower-level SAR data requires.

Special software is required to process SAR data, depending on the data provider, starting level of data, and desired level of data.

What Is Synthetic Aperture Radar? – Pathfinder Radar ISR & SAR Systems

Environmental monitoring, earth-resource mapping, and military systems require broad-area imaging at high resolutions.

SAR systems take advantage of the long-range propagation characteristics of radar signals and the complex information processing capability of modern digital electronics to provide high resolution imagery.

SAR complements photographic and other optical imaging capabilities because it is not limited by the time of day or atmospheric conditions and the unique responses of terrain and cultural targets to radar frequencies.

Range measurement and resolution are achieved in SAR in the same manner as most other radars: range is determined by measuring the time from transmission of a pulse to receiving the echo from a target, and, in the simplest form of SAR, range resolution is determined by the transmitted pulse width, i.e. narrow pulses yield fine range resolution.

Since SAR is much lower in frequency than optical systems, even moderate SAR resolutions require an antenna too large to be practically carried by an airborne platform; antenna lengths several hundred meters long are often required.

A narrow synthetic beamwidth results from the relatively long synthetic aperture, which yields finer resolution than is possible from a smaller physical antenna.

For even moderate azimuth resolutions, a target’s range to each location on the synthetic aperture changes along the synthetic aperture.

Synthetic-Aperture Radar

Synthetic-aperture radar is a form of radar that is used to create two-dimensional images or three-dimensional reconstructions of objects, such as landscapes.

Typically, the larger the aperture, the higher the image resolution will be, regardless of whether the aperture is physical or synthetic – this allows SAR to create high-resolution images with comparatively small physical antennas.

A synthetic-aperture radar is an imaging radar mounted on an instant moving platform.

Although some references to SARs have characterized them as “Radar telescopes”, their actual optical analogy is the microscope, the detail in their images being smaller than the length of the synthetic aperture.

Radar images of limited patches of terrain can resemble oblique photographs, but not ones taken from the location of the radar.

The apparent entrance-pupil position for viewing such an image is therefore not as if at the radar, but as if at a point from which the viewer’s line of sight is perpendicular to the slant-range direction connecting radar and target, with slant-range increasing from top to bottom of the image.

Synthetic aperture radar was first used by NASA on JPL’s Seasat oceanographic satellite in 1978; it was later developed more extensively on the Spaceborne Imaging Radar missions on the space shuttle in 1981, 1984 and 1994.

Synthetic Aperture Radar

A Synthetic Aperture Radar, or SAR, is a coherent mostly airborne or spaceborne sidelooking radar system which utilizes the flight path of the platform to simulate an extremely large antenna or aperture electronically, and that generates high-resolution remote sensing imagery.

“The SAR-processor stores all the radar returned signals, as amplitudes and phases, for the time period T from position A to D. Now it is possible to reconstruct the signal which would have been obtained by an antenna of length v T, where v. is the platform speed. As the line of sight direction changes along the radar platform trajectory, a synthetic aperture is produced by signal processing that has the effect of lengthening the antenna. Making T large makes the „synthetic aperture” large and hence a higher resolution can be achieved.

The point at which the target leaves the view of the radar beam some time later, determines the length of the simulated or synthesized antenna.

Using such a technique, radar designers are able to achieve resolutions which would require real aperture antennas so large as to be impractical with arrays ranging in size up to 10 m. A Synthetic Aperture Radar was used on board of a Space Shuttle during the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission.

SAR radar is partnered by what is termed Inverse SAR technology which in the broadest terms, utilizes the movement of the target rather than the emitter to create the synthetic aperture.

ISAR radars have a significant role aboard maritime patrol aircraft to provide them with radar image of sufficient quality to allow it to be used for target recognition purposes.

Foreshortening occurs when the radar beam reaches the base of a tall feature tilted towards the radar before it reaches the top.

SAR 101: An Introduction To Synthetic Aperture Radar

Synthetic aperture radar, or SAR, is a completely different way to generate a picture by actively illuminating the ground rather than utilizing the light from the sun as with optical images.

Synthetic aperture radar is a way of creating an image using radio waves.

Real Aperture RadarSide-imaging radar is different from a forward-looking radar, such as weather radar.

If a radar antenna, which amplifies the transmitted and received signal, is carried in an airplane or an orbiting satellite, a radar can be used to make an image of the ground below.

The development of advanced processing algorithms solved this problem, leading to a new generation of imaging radars called Synthetic Aperture Radar.

Synthetic Aperture RadarTo mitigate the undesired effects of real aperture radar’s poor azimuth resolution, the motion of the antenna along the azimuthal direction is utilized to “Synthetize” or give the effect of a long antenna as shown in Figure 3.

ShadowingShadowing is caused for the same reasons that shadows are formed in optical imagery: an object blocks the path of direct radiation-visible light in the case of optical imaging and the radar beam in the case of SAR. However, unlike optical imagery in which objects in shadows can be seen due to atmospheric scattering, there is no information in a SAR shadow because there is no return signal.

A A.1 Principles of Synthetic Aperture Radar Introduction Synthetic aperture radar satellites collect swaths of side-looking echoes at a sufficiently high range resolution and along-track sampling rate to form high resolution imagery.

For real aperture radar, the along-track or azimuth resolution of the outgoing microwave pulse is diffraction limited to an angle corresponding to the wavelength of the radar divided by the length of the aperture.

Although we will develop the resolution characteristics of apertures as transmitters of radiation, the resolution characteristics are exactly the same when the aperture is used to receive radiation.

Y screen aperture P L/2 A O -L/2 z A O y sin Figure A2: Diagram for the projection of coherent microwaves on a screen that is far from the aperture of length L. We simulate coherent radiation by point sources of radiation distributed along the aperture between −L/2 and L/2. For simplicity we’ll assume all the sources have the same amplitude, wavelength λ, and phase.

For now, consider a uniform circular aperture has an angular resolution given by sin θr = 1.22 Lλ. 35 D θr H Ds Figure A4: Beam-limited footprint D s of a circular aperture at an altitude of H. The Geosat radar altimeter orbits the Earth at an altitude of 800 km and illuminates the ocean surface with a 1-m parabolic dish antenna operating at Ku band.

An optical system with the same 1 m diameter aperture, but operating at a wavelength of = 5 10−7 m, has a footprint diameter of 0.97 m. The Hubble space telescope reports an angular resolution of 0.1 arcsecond, which corresponds to an effective aperture of 1.27 m. Thus a 1-m ground resolution is possible for optical systems while the same size aperture operating in the microwave part of the spectrum has a 44,000 times worse resolution.

A.3 2-D Aperture A 2-D rectangular aperture is a good approximation to a typical spaceborne strip-mode SAR. The aperture is longer in the flight direction than in the flight perpendicular direction as shown in Figure A6. As in the 1-D case, one uses a 2-D Fraunhoffer diffraction integral to calculate the projection pattern of the antenna.

Introduction: Liquid H2O is unstable on the present-day surface of Mars due to the low atmospheric pressure; however, water ice is stable at the higher latitudes in the north polar ice cap and the south polar remnant ice cap.

There is also a large body of evidence to suggest that large volumes of ice did, or still do, exist in the “Shallow” subsurface in the Martian mid-latitudes and at high elevations approaching the equator, or even at lower latitudes during periods of high obliquity.

The gamma ray spectrometer onboard the Mars Odyssey spacecraft provides knowledge of the distribution of ice in the upper ~1 m of the Martian surface.

Numerical modeling, which was confirmed by Phoenix , predicts that the ground ice is present close to the surface beneath a dry regolith lag.

The ice table ranges from a few cm at high latitudes to >50 cm in the mid latitudes.

Extending the ice record to greater depths and further into the past, there is a growing body of evidence for widespread glacial activity in various regions of Mars in the geologically recent past.

Importantly, the mapping and quantification of “Shallow ground ice deposits across Mars” is both a high priority science objective and a resource and Strategic Knowledge Gap objective.

Why Lockheed Martin Stock Plunged Today

Shares of defense contracting pure play Lockheed Martin – which got quite a lift on Tuesday after Germany announced plans to triple its 2022 defense budget, and Wolfe Research upgraded LockMart stock in response – is giving back its gains on Wednesday.

As of 10 a.m. ET, Lockheed Martin stock is down 4.4%. So what.

Why is Lockheed Martin stock – a defense stock, let’s not forget, in a time of conflict in Europe – down? The only significant news that has happened between yesterday’s share price increase and today’s share price decrease was President Joe Biden’s State of the Union address last night.

Presumably, given the geopolitical situation, investors were hoping to hear the U.S. president announce significant increases in defense spending that would mean new revenue streams for Lockheed Martin and its peers last night.

The president did mention in his State of the Union address that the United States is “Providing support to the Ukrainians,” including “More than $1 billion in … military assistance.” But in the context of a $600 billion-a-year defense budget, that’s a tiny fraction of 1%, and probably not enough to move the needle on Lockheed Martin stock.

To the contrary, when you consider that the defense budget for fiscal 2022 is currently proposed at $715 billion, the suggestion that defense spending might be only $600 billion even implies a reduction in the defense budget that could diminish Lockheed Martin’s revenue going forward.

They just revealed what they believe are the ten best stocks for investors to buy right now… and Lockheed Martin wasn’t one of them! That’s right – they think these 10 stocks are even better buys.

First National Bank Of Mount Dora Trust Investment Services Buys 522 Shares Of Lockheed Martin Co.

First National Bank of Mount Dora Trust Investment Services lifted its stake in Lockheed Martin Co. by 14.1% during the fourth quarter, according to its most recent 13F filing with the SEC. The institutional investor owned 4,216 shares of the aerospace company’s stock after acquiring an additional 522 shares during the period.

First National Bank of Mount Dora Trust Investment Services’ holdings in Lockheed Martin were worth $1,498,000 at the end of the most recent reporting period.

Capital Directions Investment Advisors LLC grew its holdings in Lockheed Martin by 104.0% in the 3rd quarter.

Finally, Hanson & Doremus Investment Management acquired a new stake in Lockheed Martin in the 3rd quarter valued at approximately $47,000.

Lockheed Martin had a return on equity of 91.52% and a net margin of 9.42%. Lockheed Martin’s revenue was up 4.1% on a year-over-year basis.

Robert W. Baird raised their target price on Lockheed Martin from $376.00 to $425.00 in a report on Wednesday, January 26th. Sanford C. Bernstein raised their target price on Lockheed Martin from $387.00 to $401.00 in a report on Wednesday, January 26th. UBS Group raised their target price on Lockheed Martin from $410.00 to $425.00 and gave the company a “Buy” rating in a report on Wednesday, January 26th. Wolfe Research raised Lockheed Martin from a “Peer perform” rating to an “Outperform” rating and set a $467.00 price objective on the stock in a report on Monday.

Lockheed Martin Corp. operates as a global security and aerospace company, which engages in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration, and sustainment of technology systems, products, and services.

Lockheed Martin Plots U.K. Satellite Manufacturing Base

Lockheed Martin is looking to set up a satellite manufacturing base in the United Kingdom to expand its global space business, the U.S.-based aerospace and defense giant said March 1.

The facility could potentially focus on building entire satellites, their parts or ground networks for government and commercial customers, according to Nik Smith, Lockheed Martin’s U.K. and Europe regional director for space.

He said Lockheed Martin is seeking to “Build a viable and sustainable space business in the U.K., and that means actually having some kind of operating presence here in the U.K. its own technology and own , and creates the jobs that come with it.”

According to Lockheed Martin, its U.K. outpost could help the British government grow its space industry by providing satellites for a range of strategic applications, from monitoring weather to delivering GPS services and military connectivity.

“With the aspirations that the government have laid out in both their national space strategy and their defense space strategy, we recognize that if we’re going to participate in the programs laid out in there then we need to be able to deliver against things like social value, and some of the other key economic policies here as well,” Smith said.

He declined to discuss specific programs, including whether Lockheed Martin seeks a role in helping the British government equip OneWeb’s LEO broadband satellites with a global navigation satellite system.

Smith believes there is plenty of room for multiple satellite manufacturers as the U.K. seeks to expand its space industry.

Lockheed Martin

Lockheed Martin also later spun off the materials company Martin Marietta Materials.

The company paid the United States government $7.1 million based on allegations that its predecessor, Lockheed Engineering Science Corporation, submitted false lease costs claims to NASA. On May 12, 2006, The Washington Post reported that when Robert Stevens took control of Lockheed Martin in 2004, he faced the dilemma that within 10 years, 100,000 of the about 130,000 Lockheed Martin employees – more than three-quarters – would be retiring.

Lockheed Martin and D-Wave will collaborate to realize the benefits of a computing platform based upon a quantum annealing processor, as applied to some of Lockheed Martin’s most challenging computation problems.

Also in March 2014, Lockheed Martin announced its acquisition of Industrial Defender Inc. On June 2, 2014, Lockheed Martin received a Pentagon contract to build a space fence that would track debris, keeping it from damaging satellites and spacecraft.

Lockheed Martin has shown[when?] sketches for a twin-engine, blended wing body strategic airlifter similar in size to the C-5.

Lockheed Martin plans to formally propose a lander called McCandless Lunar Lander, named after the late astronaut and former Lockheed Martin employee Bruce McCandless II, who in 1984 performed the first free-flying spacewalk without a lifeline to the orbiting shuttle, using a jetpack built by the company.

Lockheed Martin ranked No. 60 in the 2019 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.

FTC Sues To Block Lockheed Martin Corporation’S $4.4 Billion Vertical Acquisition Of Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings Inc.

Today, the Federal Trade Commission sued to block Lockheed Martin Corporation’s $4.4 billion proposed vertical acquisition of Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings Inc, the last independent U.S. supplier of missile propulsion systems.

Aerojet supplies advanced power, propulsion, and armament systems, which are critical components for the missiles made by Lockheed and other defense prime contractors.

“The FTC is suing to block Lockheed Martin, the world’s largest defense contractor, from eliminating Aerojet, our nation’s last independent supplier of key missile inputs,” said FTC Bureau of Competition Director Holly Vedova.

“Lockheed is one of a few missile middlemen the U.S. military relies on to supply vital weapons that keep our country safe. If consummated, this deal would give Lockheed the ability to cut off other defense contractors from the critical components they need to build competing missiles. Without competitive pressure, Lockheed can jack up the price the U.S. government has to pay, while delivering lower quality and less innovation. We cannot afford to allow further concentration in markets critical to our national security and defense.”

Lockheed is the world’s largest defense contractor and a leading missile supplier in a highly concentrated sector.

Lockheed, and its U.S missile competitors-Raytheon Technologies, Inc., Northrop Grumman Corporation, and The Boeing Company-act as missile system prime contractors to DoD. These prime contractors are key intermediaries between the U.S. government and the rest of the missile systems supply chain, including the subcontractors such as Aerojet which provide system components to them.

Further, Aerojet is the only proven U.S. supplier of divert-and-attitude control systems that propel missile defense kill vehicles.

Lockheed Martin Average Salaries

Benefits information is taken from job posted on Indeed.

Common questions about salaries at Lockheed MartinHow much does Lockheed Martin in the United States pay?The average Lockheed Martin salary ranges from approximately $45,661 per year for Senior Computer Operator to $157,779 per year for Production Manager.

Average Lockheed Martin hourly pay ranges from approximately $12.00 per hour for Operator to $65.00 per hour for Structural Designer.

Salary information comes from 27,382 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 36 months.

Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.

These figures are given to the Indeed users for the purpose of generalized comparison only.

Minimum wage may differ by jurisdiction and you should consult the employer for actual salary figures.

To observe the two binary asteroid systems, these two spacecraft have an instrument equipped with two cameras onboard – one visible light camera and one infrared.

Show this thread.The Janus mission, a dual partnership between Lockheed Martin and , named for the Roman god who had two faces, consists of twin spacecraft headed out to two different asteroid destinations.

Learn more about all of our contributions to the Sample Return Mission here: lmt.

Show this thread.Lastly, we will build the Earth Entry System which will bring those first Martian samples safely back to Earth in a protective case.

We have built return capsules and spacecraft for all three of ‘s robotic sample return missions: Genesis, Stardust and OSIRIS-REx.

The Mars Ascent Vehicle is a small, lightweight rocket that will carry rock samples from the surface of Mars up to orbit, where ‘s Earth Return Orbiter will collect the samples to take home.

Show this thread.Martian hat trick! Over the past week, we’ve been awarded three contracts by to support the first sample return mission from the Red Planet.

BAE Systems

BAE Systems sold its 54% majority share of BAE Systems Canada, an electronics company, in April for CA$310.

In May 2004, it was reported that the company was considering selling its shipbuilding divisions, BAE Systems Naval Ships and BAE Systems Submarines.

In September 2010 BAE Systems announced plans to sell the Platform Solutions division of BAE Systems Inc., which the Financial Times estimated could yield as much as £1.3 billion.

BAE Systems’ interests in Sweden are a result of the purchases of Alvis Vickers and UDI, which owned Hägglunds and Bofors respectively; the companies are now part of BAE Systems AB. As of 21 February 2018 BAE Systems listed the following as “Significant” shareholders: Axa and its group of companies 5.00%, Barclays 3.98%, BlackRock 5.00%, Capital Group Companies 10.11%, Franklin Templeton Investments and affiliates 4.92%, Invesco 4.97% and Silchester International Investors 3.01%. BAE Systems has its head office and its registered office in City of Westminster, London.

On 5 February 2010, BAE Systems agreed to pay criminal fines of £257 million to the US and £30 million to the UK. The $400 million fine was a result of a plea bargain with the US Department of Justice whereby BAE Systems was convicted of felony conspiracy to defraud the United States government.

On 19 May 2008 BAE Systems confirmed that its CEO Mike Turner and non-executive director Nigel Rudd had been detained “For about 20 minutes” at two US airports the previous week and that the DOJ had issued “a number of additional subpoenas in the US to employees of BAE Systems plc and BAE Systems Inc as part of its ongoing investigation”.

“Saudi Arabia is BAE’s third biggest market. The Independent reported that BAE-supplied aircraft were used to bomb Red Cross and MSF hospitals in Yemen.” The chairman of BAE Systems, Sir Roger Carr, rejected criticism over BAE’s continued work in Saudi Arabia, saying “We will stop doing it when they tell us to stop doing it. … We maintain peace by having the ability to make war and that has stood the test of time.” BAE Systems sold weaponry worth £17.6bn to Saudis during Yemen war.

BAE Systems And US DoD Announce MUM-T Success

Although the aircraft used in the test have not been disclosed, this picture was released by BAE Systems.

BAE Systems and the US Deputy Secretary of Defense’s Strategic Capabilities Office have reported a successful MUM-T test flight.

BAE Systems and the US DoD’s Strategic Capabilities Office have announced the completion of a successful flight test of advanced Manned Unmanned Teaming technology.

The flight test used real mission sensors on multiple uncrewed platforms and a single crewed gather aircraft to execute a mission.

The team of UAVs worked together to develop and execute autonomously the necessary tactics to complete the mission, while the pilot used the HMI to monitor the mission’s progress and interact with the uncrewed vehicles.

BAE System’s HMI was developed through extensive virtual and constructive simulation testing with assistance from pilots and electronic warfare officers, their feedback highlighted the user-friendly interface.

While the aircraft and UAV type involved in the test were not originally disclosed, BAE Systems has confirmed to Shephard that it was the BQM-34 Firebee and the F-18E/F Super Hornet.

BAE Systems Hägglunds Outlines BvS10 Offer For South Korea

Below are a series of recent analysis pieces focusing on Russian troop movements on the border with Ukraine, that leverage the data collected, structured, verified and interconnected by Janes to enable a more detailed assessment of Russian military force movements and capabilities.

Janes delivers persistent monitoring of Russian troop and equipment sightings, leverages Janes assured equipment and military unit data to offer an in-depth view of military activity.

As increasingly belligerent rhetoric by NATO and EU leaders declares that their nations have never been more united over the Ukraine crisis, and that Russia will pay dearly for its actions in the form of unprecedented economic sanctions, Putin’s forces continue unabated to deploy into separatist controlled areas of Ukraine.

S-400-air defence systems have also begun to arrive, and the Janes assessment is that one of the battalions – likely belonging to the 1529th Air Defence Regiment stationed in Khabarovsk – has been unloaded at Luninets railway station, about 50 km from the Ukrainian border.

“The Government decided this afternoon that Norway will offer arms support to enable Ukraine to defend itself against the military attack from Russia. We are therefore aligning our actions with our close allies and the other Nordic countries. Norway has a restrictive policy with regard to exporting defence-related products, but Ukraine is now in a desperate and extraordinary situation,” Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre said.

Denmark also announced on 27 February that it would contribute 2,700 shoulder-launched anti-tank weapons systems from the country’s operational stock, likely M72 or M3. The country is also sending usable components from outdated Stinger man-portable air defence missile systems to the US for potential onward use by Ukraine.

BAE Systems Hägglunds believes the Republic of Korea Armed Forces has a capability gap that the comp…. Request a free consultation to discover how Janes can provide you with assured, interconnected open-source intelligence.

Berenberg Bank Reaffirms “Buy” Rating For BAE Systems

BAE Systems’s stock had its “Buy” rating reaffirmed by equities research analysts at Berenberg Bank in a report issued on Monday, Digital Look reports.

Berenberg Bank’s price target suggests a potential downside of 19.59% from the company’s current price.

Based on data from MarketBeat.com, the company currently has a consensus rating of “Buy” and a consensus price target of GBX 645.67.

BAE Systems has a one year low of GBX 408.29 and a one year high of GBX 1,957.50.

The stock has a 50 day moving average price of GBX 582.88 and a 200 day moving average price of GBX 571.03.

BAE Systems plc provides defense, aerospace, and security solutions worldwide.

The Electronic Systems segment offers electronic warfare systems, navigation systems, electro-optical sensors, military and commercial digital engine and flight controls, precision guidance and seeker solutions, military communication systems and data links, persistent surveillance systems, space electronics, and electric drive propulsion systems.

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FIRST READING: Military Tells Ottawa To Find Someone Else To Evict The Truckers

First Reading is a daily newsletter keeping you posted on the travails of Canadian politicos, all curated by the National Post’s own Tristin Hopper.

TOP STORY. Despite the Ottawa Police briefly raising the possibility of a military intervention to clear a stubborn holdout of Freedom Convoy truckers blockading their downtown, the Canadian Armed Forces have been quick to say they will be doing no such thing.

Prime Minister Justin Trudeau also said Thursday that a military response is “Not in the cards right now.” “One has to be very, very cautious before deploying military forces in situations engaging Canadians,” he said.

There have only been two prior incidents in modern times of the Canadian military being called in to quell civil unrest.

MORE TRUCKER CONVOY. Freedom Convoy still refuses to leave until Ottawa meets their not tremendously realistic demand of ending all COVID strictures.

On Wednesday the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation weighed in on the blockade, asking authorities to arrest participants as per The Critical Infrastructure Defense Act, an Alberta law passed in 2020 with the intention of barring a recent spate of Indigenous-led blockades of highways and rail lines.

University of Ottawa professor Michael Geist took a comb to the new law and is pretty sure it still allows Ottawa to regulate social media posts as “Programs,” meaning any YouTuber or TikToker could be subjected to the same level of government regulation as a radio station or TV channel.

Northrop Grumman

Welcome to OASIS, Northrop Grumman’s online supplier portal.

The OASIS Supplier Portal is an extension of our commitment to building long-term, mutually beneficial relationships with our suppliers, and serves as a communication and collaboration hub to obtain important, necessary information to ensure your success as a supplier with Northrop Grumman.

Northrop Grumman

On June 7, 2018, the acquisition of Orbital ATK was completed and the former company was absorbed in Northrop Grumman as a new business sector called Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.

Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on Long Island, New York.

In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.

In 1994, Northrop Aircraft bought Grumman Aerospace, which built the Apollo Lunar Module to create Northrop Grumman at a cost of $2.1 billion.

The original Northrop Grumman Corporation then changed its name to “Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation”; the holding company, NNG, Inc., changed its name to “Northrop Grumman Corporation”.

In January 2008, Northrop Grumman combined its Newport News and Ship Systems sectors into a new business unit named Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding.

In September 2020, Northrop Grumman won a $298 million sole-source contract for the Evolved Strategic Satcom program, an anti-jam communications satellite program intended to replace the Advanced Extremely High Frequency satellite program where Northrop Grumman was a subcontractor to Lockheed Martin.

Northrop Grumman Co. Expected To Announce Earnings Of $5.95 Per Share

Equities analysts expect Northrop Grumman Co. to announce earnings of $5.95 per share for the current quarter, according to Zacks.

Northrop Grumman posted earnings of $6.57 per share in the same quarter last year, which suggests a negative year-over-year growth rate of 9.4%. The business is scheduled to report its next quarterly earnings report on Thursday, May 5th. On average, analysts expect that Northrop Grumman will report full year earnings of $24.81 per share for the current financial year, with EPS estimates ranging from $24.60 to $25.12.

Zacks’ earnings per share averages are an average based on a survey of analysts that that provide coverage for Northrop Grumman.

During the same period in the prior year, the business earned $6.59 earnings per share.

The ex-dividend date is Friday, February 25th. This represents a $6.28 annualized dividend and a dividend yield of 1.38%. Northrop Grumman’s dividend payout ratio is currently 14.40%. In other Northrop Grumman news, VP Mary D. Petryszyn sold 168 shares of the company’s stock in a transaction on Wednesday, February 16th. The stock was sold at an average price of $384.99, for a total transaction of $64,678.

Principal Financial Group Inc. raised its position in shares of Northrop Grumman by 12.6% during the 3rd quarter.

New York State Common Retirement Fund raised its position in shares of Northrop Grumman by 1.1% during the 3rd quarter.

SpaceX To Launch Northrop Grumman’S Robotic Satellite Repair Spacecraft

Northrop Grumman’s SpaceLogistics subsidiary has signed an agreement with SpaceX and Australian telecommunications company Optus to put its Mission Robotic Vehicle spacecraft and Mission Extension Pod into regular commercial service.

Based on Northrop Grumman’s Mission Extension Vehicle-1, the MRV in conjunction with the MEP changes this by providing the means to visit, repair, and replenish satellites.

The MRV can dock with aging satellites and has a robotic arm for robotic repair operations and installation of the MEP, a propulsion augmentation device that can extend the service life of a 2,000-kg satellite in geosynchronous orbit by six years.

SpaceX will provide the partners with launch services.

The first launch is scheduled for 2024 and will include an MRV and several MEPs, one of which will be installed in an Optus D3 satellite in 2025.

According to Northrop Grumman this will be the first time a robotic spacecraft will remain on station in geosynchronous orbit to inspect and repair satellites, and to install MEPs.

“Our contracts with SpaceX and Optus are tangible evidence of our momentum and commitment to deliver second-generation on-orbit servicing technologies to the satellite industry,” said Vice President of Business Development for SpaceLogistics Joseph Anderson.

Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, York Space Selected To Build DoD’S Internet-In-Space Constellation

WASHINGTON – The Defense Department’s Space Development Agency announced Feb. 28 it awarded Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman and York Space Systems contracts worth nearly $1.8 billion to produce 126 satellites for a global communications network in low Earth orbit.

The Space Development Agency is building the Pentagon’s first-ever internet in space – a network of small satellites in low Earth orbit to support military communications, surveillance and tracking of enemy targets.

Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman and York Space have to equip their satellites with optical inter-satellite links that comply with SDA-mandated technical specifications to ensure that satellites can talk to each other regardless of what manufacturer made them.

Lockheed Martin and York Space both will produce the Tranche 1 satellites in the Denver area.

Orbital Sciences Corp., a company later acquired by Northrop Grumman, produced those satellites under contract to Iridium’s prime contractor, Thales Alenia Space.

Chuck Beames, executive chairman of York Space Systems, said the SDA contract is “a big deal for the small satellite industry and for the role of small satellites in meeting national security needs.”

SDA’s planned architecture changes the way DoD buys satellites and is also a key step forward in how DoD provides connectivity to military forces in the field, Beames said.

Northrop Grumman Average Salaries

Benefits information is taken from job posted on Indeed.

Common questions about salaries at Northrop GrummanHow much does Northrop Grumman in the United States pay?The average Northrop Grumman salary ranges from approximately $47,367 per year for Associate Buyer to $174,316 per year for Unit Manager.

Average Northrop Grumman hourly pay ranges from approximately $14.00 per hour for Material Specialist to $44.77 per hour for Systems Administrator.

Salary information comes from 30,115 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 36 months.

Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.

These figures are given to the Indeed users for the purpose of generalized comparison only.

Minimum wage may differ by jurisdiction and you should consult the employer for actual salary figures.

Northrop Grumman Corporation

Northrop Grumman solves the toughest problems in space, aeronautics, defense and cyberspace to meet the ever-evolving needs of our customers worldwide.

This is the official Facebook fan page for Northrop Grumman Corporation, a leading global security company.

Shared with PublicConnecting the joint force as one by delivering dominant integrated platforms, systems and technologies.

Humanity must design something to take away Putin’s nukes.

Thales Group

Thales Group is a French multinational company that designs and builds electrical systems and provides services for the aerospace, defence, transportation and security markets.

The company changed its name to Thales from Thomson-CSF in December 2000 shortly after the acquisition of Racal Electronics, a UK defence electronics group.

In 2006, Thales acquired Australian Defence Industries, a major manufacturer of military equipment such as smokeless gunpowder and the Bushmaster IMV. In April 2006, Thales announced it would be acquiring Alcatel’s space business, and Alcatel’s Rail Signalling Solutions division in a deal which also raised Alcatel’s ownership of Thales to 21.66 percent.

In December 2008, Alcatel agreed to sell a 20.8% stake in French engineering group Thales SA to Dassault Aviation SA for €1.57 billion.

Thales Group supplies electronic devices and equipment used by the French Armed Forces from its past as Thomson-CSF, including the SPECTRA helmet for the army and the gendarmerie.

Thales’ international subsidiaries generated 52% of the company’s revenue in 2008, with Thales UK being the largest of these accounting for 13% of group revenue.

On May 30, 2005, Schabir Shaik, the financial advisor to the former president of the African National Congress party Jacob Zuma, was found guilty by the High Court in Durban of organising a bribe on behalf of Thomson-CSF. On January 22, 2020, the KwaZulu-Natal High Court in Pietermaritzburg ruled that both the Thales Group and Zuma could be criminally tried for alleged illegal arms dealings which Thales was allowed to undergo in South Africa.

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Thales Group Taps General Counsel For New ESG Leadership Role

The general counsel at Thales Group has stepped up to help the global aerospace, defense and tech company bolster its environmental, social and corporate governance and responsibility efforts.

Isabelle Simon now leads a new ESG committee within Thales’ executive committee while also overseeing corporate social responsibility companywide.

She’ll continue serving as legal chief and group secretary, according to a Monday announcement.

What Is Product Lifecycle Management?

Product lifecycle management is the process of managing a product’s lifecycle from inception, through design and manufacturing, to sales, service, and eventually retirement.

Maintenance of the integrity of that product definition and related information throughout the life of the product.

The system streamlines project management by linking CAD data with a bill of materials and other enterprise data sources, such as integration with an ERP system, and manages this product data through all stages of the product development lifecycle.

AMC leadership had the idea of tracking products from inception to end-of-life in order to improve processes and compete more efficiently – the first iteration of product lifecycle management.

Sartorius, an international partner of the biopharmaceutical research and the life sciences industry, optimized product development with a single view of all product data to improve quality management and efficiency.

The growing adoption of Industry 4.0 practices within manufacturing has led to an exponential increase in the amount of product and customer data available, providing greater visibility across product lifecycles.

As sustainability continues to emerge as a topic of importance, businesses will look to modernize their product development processes through green product design, manufacturing, and logistics with the goal of achieving full supply chain sustainability.

Product Lifecycle Management Definition

Product lifecycle management refers to the handling of a good as it moves through the typical stages of its product life: development and introduction, growth, maturity/stability, and decline.

The concept of product life cycle helps inform business decision-making, from pricing and promotion to expansion or cost-cutting.

Effective product life cycle management brings together the many companies, departments, and employees involved with the product’s production to streamline their activities, with the ultimate goal of producing a product that outperforms its competitors, is highly profitable, and lasts as long as consumer demand and technology permit.

A new product, for example, needs to be explained, while a mature product needs to be differentiated.

Sound product lifecycle management has many benefits, such as getting the product to market faster, putting a higher quality product on the market, improving product safety, increasing sales opportunities, and reducing errors and waste.

Looking for a way to speed up its product development process to better compete against its larger competitors in 1985-while lacking their larger budgets-AMC decided to emphasize bolstering the product lifecycle of its prime products.

The product data management was so effective that after AMC was purchased by Chrysler, the system was expanded throughout the enterprise, connecting everyone involved in designing and building products.

What Is Product Lifecycle Management?

Product lifecycle management refers to the management of data and processes used in the design, engineering, manufacturing, sales, and service of a product across its entire lifecycle and across the supply chain.

Product lifecycle management mitigates those issues and helps align and integrate key resources, quickly making product information accessible to teams across the organization.

Today’s next-gen PLM software includes new benefits of product lifecycle management across the entire organization and allows for faster customer responsiveness and greater customer transparency, greater product quality even for complex products, helping boost revenue and get products to market faster.

What is cloud-based PLM? Cloud-based product lifecycle management software varies from its on-premise predecessor in that it creates a single source of truth to expedite and improve product development, and track data and processes – all from the cloud.

Product information management is the phase after the product is manufactured.

To the same effect that marketing teams can benefit from the accurate product information provided throughout the product lifecycle.

Project management can cover the entire product lifecycle from concept to customer but is typically used for the process of developing, producing, introducing, and delivering products in a timely fashion.

Product Life Cycle Management Guide: What It Is & 4 Stages

Product life cycle management exists because product managers, start-up founders, and business owners worth their salt know that there are few jobs as challenging as product management.

Let’s take a look at product life cycle management and the history of product life cycle management as well.

Product life cycle management is a comprehensive framework that product companies use to manage a product through the phases of the product life cycle.

At the heart of product life cycle management resides the product life cycle.

The product life cycle begins when the product is launched into the market and ends when the product reaches end-of-life and is taken off the shelves, physically or virtually.

There are some variants to this which consist of 5 product life cycle stages or even 6 stages, but since we’re discussing the traditional product life cycle, we’re going to stick to 4 stages.

The product management life cycle helps to synchronize product development to optimize the life of each product in its product portfolio.

Product Lifecycle Management

Product lifecycle management, sometimes “Product life cycle management”, represents an all-encompassing vision for managing all data relating to the design, production, support and ultimate disposal of manufactured goods.

These industries originated the discipline of configuration management, which evolved into electronic data management systems, which then further evolved to product data management.

Over the last ten years, manufacturers of instrumentation, industrial machinery, consumer electronics, packaged goods and other complex engineered products have discovered the benefits of PLM solutions and are adopting efficient PLM software in increasing numbers.

PLM can be thought of as both a repository for all information that affects a product, and a communication process between product stakeholders: principally marketing, engineering, manufacturing and field service.

The PLM system is the first place where all product information from marketing and design comes together, and where it leaves in a form suitable for production and support.

A few analysts use “PLM” as an umbrella term that includes engineering CAD. But product information creation tools include word processors; spreadsheet and graphics programs; requirements analysis and market assessment tools; field trouble reports; and even emails or other correspondence.

In our view, a PLM tool focuses exclusively on managing data that covers the breadth of a product’s lifecycle, without regard to how that data is developed.

Product Lifecycle

In industry, product lifecycle management is the process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its inception through the engineering, design and manufacture, as well as the service and disposal of manufactured products.

Product lifecycle management should be distinguished from ‘product life-cycle management’.

PLM describes the engineering aspect of a product, from managing descriptions and properties of a product through its development and useful life; whereas, PLCM refers to the commercial management of the life of a product in the business market with respect to costs and sales measures.

Although PLM is mainly associated with engineering tasks it also involves marketing activities such as product portfolio management, particularly with regards to new product development.

An effective service consideration begins during and even prior to product design as an integral part of the product lifecycle management.

Service Lifecycle Management has critical touchpoints at all phases of the product lifecycle that must be considered.

Product and process lifecycle management is an alternate genre of PLM in which the process by which the product is made is just as important as the product itself.

What Is Statistics?

Statistics is the science concerned with developing and studying methods for collecting, analyzing, interpreting and presenting empirical data.

Statistics is a highly interdisciplinary field; research in statistics finds applicability in virtually all scientific fields and research questions in the various scientific fields motivate the development of new statistical methods and theory.

In developing methods and studying the theory that underlies the methods statisticians draw on a variety of mathematical and computational tools.

Two fundamental ideas in the field of statistics are uncertainty and variation.

Probability is a mathematical language used to discuss uncertain events and probability plays a key role in statistics.

Statisticians attempt to understand and control the sources of variation in any situation.

We encourage you to continue exploring our website to learn more about statistics, our academic programs, our students and faculty, as well as the cutting-edge research we are doing in the field.

Definition, Applications, Formulas

In the case of descriptive statistics, the data or collection of data is described in summary.

In Statistics, summary statistics are a part of descriptive statistics, which gives the list of information about sample data.

The summary statistics table is generally used to represent the big data related to population, unemployment, and the economy to be summarized systematically to interpret the accurate result.

In Mathematics, statistics are used to describe the central tendencies of the grouped and ungrouped data.

In statistics, the dispersion measures help interpret data variability, i.e. to understand how homogenous or heterogeneous the data is.

Statistics have huge applications across various fields in Mathematics as well as in real life.

Applied statistics, theoretical statistics and mathematical statistics.

U.S. Data And Statistics

Bureau of Transportation Statistics provides data on airline on-time performance, pirates at sea, transportation safety and availability, motorcycle trends, and more.

Find federal, state, and local data, tools, and resources to conduct research, build apps, design data visualizations, and more.

Internal Revenue Service Tax Statistics examine tax returns to report on such things as sources of income, exemptions, use of medical savings accounts, migration, and geographic data, tax information on foreign corporations controlled by U.S. parent corporations, exports, international boycotts, and investments and activities in the U.S. by foreign persons.

National Center for Health Statistics is the principal health statistics agency for improving the health of the American people.

National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics publishes data on the American science and engineering workforce and the progress of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education in the United States.

Office of Personnel Management provides statistics on the Federal civilian workforce through data sources such as FedScope.

Social Security Administration Office of Research Evaluation and Statistics offers data on social security program benefits, payments, covered workers, and more.

Statistics Definition

The two major areas of statistics are known as descriptive statistics, which describes the properties of sample and population data, and inferential statistics, which uses those properties to test hypotheses and draw conclusions.

Because in many cases gathering comprehensive data about an entire population is too costly, difficult, or flat out impossible, statistics start with a sample that can conveniently or affordably be observed.

Two types of statistical methods are used in analyzing data: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Descriptive statistics mostly focus on the central tendency, variability, and distribution of sample data.

Descriptive statistics can also describe differences between observed characteristics of the elements of a data set.

Descriptive statistics help us understand the collective properties of the elements of a data sample and form the basis for testing hypotheses and making predictions using inferential statistics.

Descriptive statistics are used to describe or summarize the characteristics of a sample or data set, such as a variable’s mean, standard deviation, or frequency.

Statistics

Probability is used in mathematical statistics to study the sampling distributions of sample statistics and, more generally, the properties of statistical procedures.

A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information, while descriptive statistics in the mass noun sense is the process of using and analyzing those statistics.

Descriptive statistics is distinguished from inferential statistics, in that descriptive statistics aims to summarize a sample, rather than use the data to learn about the population that the sample of data is thought to represent.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics.

Applied statistics, sometimes referred to as Statistical science, comprises descriptive statistics and the application of inferential statistics.

Theoretical statistics concerns the logical arguments underlying justification of approaches to statistical inference, as well as encompassing mathematical statistics.

Mathematical statistics includes not only the manipulation of probability distributions necessary for deriving results related to methods of estimation and inference, but also various aspects of computational statistics and the design of experiments.

Definition, Parts, Types, Efficiency, Applications

Transducers have other vital parts such as signal processing equipment, amplifiers and power supplies.

Factors to consider while selecting a transducer Transducers should have high input impedance and low output impedance to avoid the loading effect.

Transducer efficiency is defined as the ratio of output power in the desired form to the total power input.

The efficiency of the transducer always falls between 0 and 1.

Applications of Transducer A transducer measures load on the engines.

Cable extension transducer, linear transducer and microphones are some examples of transducers.

What is the difference between a sensor and a transducer?Why is a transducer important?Give an example of a transducer.

Transducer

A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another.

Usually a transducer converts a signal in one form of energy to a signal in another.

A sensor is a transducer that receives and responds to a signal or stimulus from a physical system.

Bidirectional transducers convert physical phenomena to electrical signals and also convert electrical signals into physical phenomena.

An example of an inherently bidirectional transducer is an antenna, which can convert radio waves into an electrical signal to be processed by a radio receiver, or translate an electrical signal from a transmitter into radio waves.

The signal is modulated by the sensor to produce an output signal.

Dynamic range: This is the ratio between the largest amplitude signal and the smallest amplitude signal the transducer can effectively translate.

ScienceDirect Topics

Transducer design is based on an accurate transducer simulation model such as the electroacoustic KLM transducer equivalent circuit model which is explained in detail and in Appendix C. A useful design perspective is that a transducer and/or model has a three ports: two acoustic and one electric.

New trends in transducer materials and devices are discussed, including the following topics: lead-free piezoelectrics, piezoelectric gels, matrix arrays, capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers.

In general, there may be two different matching networks: ET, for transmit, and ER. If the transducers, matching networks, and loads Rg and Rf are the same, the transducer efficiencies are identical and reciprocal.

These transducers include, but are not limited to, strain gauges, load cells, linear variable differential transducers, and rotational variable differential transducers.

All transducers have ranges for the magnitude of the parameter being measured; understanding how to select the right transducer and level of transducer is imperative in mechanical testing.

With any transducer used, the most important factor is that the transducer is calibrated for the condition in which it is used and that the right type of transducer is selected for the test parameters expected.

The chapter introduces sol-gel composites and transducers made from them, such as the integrated ultrasonic transducer, buffer-rod IUT, wedge IUT and flexible ultrasonic transducer.

What Are Transducers And What Do They Do?

Transducers are devices that are often employed in automation, measurement, and control systems.

Many transducers have an input that is then converted to a proportional electrical signal.

The output obtained from transducers is always in the electrical form, which is proportional to the measured quantity applied to the device.

There are two main types of transducers based on whether or not they need an external power source.

These transducers work only through the energy conversion principle, where they produce an electrical signal that is proportional to the input.

What are the Different Types of Transducers Based on Function?

There are chemical transducers, piezoelectric transducers, and mutual induction transducers.

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How Does A Pressure Transducers Work?

What does a pressure transducer measure? A pressure transducer measures pressure.

How static pressure transmitter works? Static pressure transducers measure the pressure of a fluid when it is at rest.

Static pressure transducers are the most commonly used pressure monitoring devices.

Piezoelectric pressure transducers are an example of non-static or dynamic pressure transducers.

With diaphragm type pressure sensors, it is easiest to understand the reference pressure as the pressure that is exerted on the other side of the diaphragm from the process being measured.

When connected to an electrical source and a pressure source, a pressure transducer will produce an electrical output signal proportional to the pressure.

Millivolt Output Pressure sensor: The actual output is directly proportional to the pressure transducer input power or excitation.

Middle East

Other concepts of the region exist including the broader the Middle East and North Africa, which includes states of the Maghreb and Sudan, or the “Greater Middle East” which additionally also includes parts of East Africa, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and sometimes the South Caucasus and Central Asia.

Until World War II, it was customary to refer to areas centered around Turkey and the eastern shore of the Mediterranean as the “Near East”, while the “Far East” centered on China, and the Middle East then meant the area from Mesopotamia to Burma, namely the area between the Near East and the Far East.

The Associated Press Stylebook says that Near East formerly referred to the farther west countries while Middle East referred to the eastern ones, but that now they are synonymous.

Use Middle East unless Near East is used by a source in a story.

There are terms similar to Near East and Middle East in other European languages, but since it is a relative description, the meanings depend on the country and are different from the English terms generally.

The Persian equivalent for Middle East is خاورمیانه, the Hebrew is התיכון, the Turkish is Orta Doğu and the Greek is Ανατολή. Traditionally included within the Middle East are Iran, Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and Egypt.

Near East, Levant and Fertile Crescent are geographic concepts, which refer to large sections of the modern defined Middle East, with Near East being the closest to Middle East in its geographic meaning.

History, Map, Countries, & Facts

Middle East, the lands around the southern and eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea, encompassing at least the Arabian Peninsula and, by some definitions, Iran, North Africa, and sometimes beyond.

The central part of this general area was formerly called the Near East, a name given to it by some of the first modern Western geographers and historians, who tended to divide what they called the Orient into three regions.

Near East applied to the region nearest Europe, extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf; Middle East, from the Persian Gulf to Southeast Asia; and Far East, those regions facing the Pacific Ocean.

The change in usage began to evolve prior to World War II and tended to be confirmed during that war, when the term Middle East was given to the British military command in Egypt.

By the mid-20th century a common definition of the Middle East encompassed the states or territories of Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Israel, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, Jordan, Egypt, Sudan, Libya, and the various states and territories of Arabia proper.

Geographic factors often require statesmen and others to take account of Afghanistan and Pakistan in connection with the affairs of the Middle East.Occasionally, Greece is included in the compass of the Middle East because the Middle Eastern question in its modern form first became apparent when the Greeks rose in rebellion to assert their independence of the Ottoman Empire in 1821.

Use of the term Middle East nonetheless remains unsettled, and some agencies still employ the term Near East.The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Adam Augustyn.

Australia’S Biggest Construction Company, CIMIC, Accused Of Not Paying Foreign Workers In The Middle East

Australian construction group CIMIC is behind projects including Tallowa Dam, Sydney’s Star Casino and Melbourne’s multi-billion-dollar Metro Tunnel Project.

Australia’s biggest construction company, CIMIC, stands accused of not paying hundreds of millions of dollars to workers, subcontractors and banks in its Middle East operations in a scandal that has been described as a humanitarian disaster.

“The situation is a humanitarian disaster,” says Fatima Almass Al-Hamad, a judicial guard in Qatar, who was appointed by the court as an administrator of the Qatar business, Leighton Contractors Qatar, which was owned by CIMIC and a local partner.

Michael Albrecht, an expat from Australia who worked for CIMIC’s group of companies for 17 years, spending 13 years in the Middle East, says he can’t return home until he is paid three months of overdue salary and end-of-service benefits accrued over his time at the joint venture in the Middle East.

ABC’s 7.30 and the Herald spent the past two months speaking to insiders who claim things took a turn for the worse in early 2020 when CIMIC announced a $1.8 billion writedown of its joint venture operations in the Middle East, BIC Contracting, and its withdrawal from the region.

A year later, it announced the sale of BICC for a “Nominal” sum to a local company called SALD. Documents reveal that the sale price was 1 dirham along with a promise by CIMIC to inject $US130 million into the BICC business.

In a statement, CIMIC said it, “Continues to actively work with the acquirer of BICC to ensure BICC meets its statutory obligation to its employees”.

Middle East’S Tourism Sector Could Grow To US$246 Billion In 2022

New research from the World Travel & Tourism Council has revealed the Travel & Tourism sector in the Middle East could reach US$246 billion this year, just 8.9% behind pre-pandemic levels.

In 2019, before the pandemic struck and began to devastate economies around the world, the Travel & Tourism sector in the Middle East was booming, generating US$270 billion to the region’s economy.

In 2020, when COVID-19 brought international travel to an almost complete standstill, its contribution more than halved, plummeting 51.1%, suffering a brutal loss of more than US$138 billion.

Research by WTTC reveals that if countries continue to roll out the inoculation programme at pace this year, and restrictions to international travel are eased around the world – 6.8m people could be employed in the sector by the end of 2022, just 40,000 behind pre-pandemic levels.

“Julia Simpson, WTTC President & CEO, said:”The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant losses to the Middle East’s Travel & Tourism sector, but we now have reason for real optimism.

“Since the start of the pandemic, governments across the Middle East have shown real commitment to travel and tourism. Saudi Arabia in particular, has shown strong leadership throughout the crisis and is making a major investment in Travel & Tourism.”

The global tourism body also urges governments in the Middle East and around the world, to ditch the patchwork of restrictions and enable international travel using digital solutions that allows travellers to prove their status in a fast, simple and secure way.

How Have NFTs Impacted The Middle East’S Art World?

The Y Combinator graduate Odiggo, started out as a car parts marketplace in Egypt, only to pivot in the past couple of months to become an NFT marketplace and now, Art Dubai, the region’s largest art fair is dedicating an entire section to digital art and NFTs. So what exactly is a non-fungible token? If Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are the digital equivalent of a currency, then NFTs are a digital version of artworks and collectibles.

For Dima Abdulkader, co-founder of Emergeast, an online art gallery and marketplace showcasing artists based in the Middle East and North Africa, NFTs give recognition to digital artists and their work and help to make it “Official”.

Founded back in 2014, Emergeast was the first marketplace of its kind to launch in the region and in November 2021, became the Middle East’s first online art gallery to host an NFT exhibition, “Meta Mena” curating digital artwork from Mena-based artists on NFT marketplace OpenSea.

NFTs are bought using cryptocurrencies and most NFTs are sold on the ethereum blockchain, using ethers.

There are currently no regulations specific to NFTs and it is as yet still unclear whether current laws and regulations will suffice for issues like IP, financial regulations and the data security of transactions, although one benefit of blockchain is the greater transparency it can bring to the art world.

“Blockchain encrypts all this information , there is no playing with this information. You know who the owner of the art piece is and who’s the collector. There’s a lot more transparency than what the traditional art world had. It has provenance, you can trace this art piece and see who the owners were,” says Alia Kawar, who is leading Emergeast’s NFT efforts.

The opportunity for NFTs perhaps lies mostly in the metaverse, providing users with the ability to recreate their physical lives in the virtual space by purchasing NFTs for whatever their avatar desires.

These Are Some Of The Middle East’S Craziest Car Collections

There are some truly remarkable private car collections in the Middle East and popular YouTuber effspot recently made a trip to some of the most intriguing.

The first collection featured in this video is owned by Hamad bin Hamdan Al Nahyan, also known as the Rainbow Sheikh.

The Sheikh is said to be worth $20 billion and owns one of the most intriguing car collections on earth, dominated by a number of huge, one-off creations.

It’s not just big cars that the Sheikh owns.

As it turns out, he is also a big fan of Mercedes-Benz models and owns a plethora of classic S-Class models, many of which have been customized with rainbow and gold-colored accents.

The second collection featured is the SBH Auto Gallery located in Abu Dhabi.

This collection is quite well known and consists of a dizzying array of modern-day supercars and hypercars, such as a host of Bugatti Veyrons, a Ferrari Enzo, LaFerrari, Maserati MC12, Ferrari Sergio, Lamborghini Reventon, McLaren P1, Mercedes-Benz SLR Stirling Moss, Ferrari Monza SP1, Mercedes-Benz SL 65 AMG Black Series, Bugatti EB 110 S, Ferrari Enzo, Ferrari 599 XX, and perhaps our favorite of them all, a Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR Roadster.

Middle East’S Travel & Tourism Sector Could Grow To US$246 Billion In 2022, Says WTTC – Hotel-Online

London, UK – March 2, 2022 – New research from the World Travel & Tourism Council has revealed the Travel & Tourism sector in the Middle East could reach US$246 billion this year, just 8.9% behind pre-pandemic levels.

In 2019, before the pandemic struck and began to devastate economies around the world, the Travel & Tourism sector in the Middle East was booming, generating US$270 billion to the region’s economy.

In 2020, when COVID-19 brought international travel to an almost complete standstill, its contribution more than halved, plummeting 51.1%, suffering a brutal loss of more than US$138 billion.

Research by WTTC reveals that if countries continue to roll out the inoculation programme at pace this year, and restrictions to international travel are eased around the world – 6.8m people could be employed in the sector by the end of 2022, just 40,000 behind pre-pandemic levels.

“The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant losses to the Middle East’s Travel & Tourism sector, but we now have reason for real optimism.”

“Since the start of the pandemic, governments across the Middle East have shown real commitment to travel and tourism. Saudi Arabia in particular, has shown strong leadership throughout the crisis and is making a major investment in Travel & Tourism.”

The global tourism body also urges governments in the Middle East and around the world, to ditch the patchwork of restrictions and enable international travel using digital solutions that allows travellers to prove their status in a fast, simple and secure way.

What Is A Data Center?

The data center must be able to communicate across these multiple sites, both on-premises and in the cloud.

Because these components store and manage business-critical data and applications, data center security is critical in data center design.

Data center services are typically deployed to protect the performance and integrity of the core data center components.

Data center components require significant infrastructure to support the center’s hardware and software.

What are the standards for data center infrastructure?

The most widely adopted standard for data center design and data center infrastructure is ANSI/TIA-942.

A Tier 1 data center offers limited protection against physical events.

Data Center

Data centers have their roots in the huge computer rooms of the 1940s, typified by ENIAC, one of the earliest examples of a data center.

The Telecommunications Industry Association’s Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard for Data Centers specifies the minimum requirements for telecommunications infrastructure of data centers and computer rooms including single tenant enterprise data centers and multi-tenant Internet hosting data centers.

Telcordia GR-3160, NEBS Requirements for Telecommunications Data Center Equipment and Spaces, provides guidelines for data center spaces within telecommunications networks, and environmental requirements for the equipment intended for installation in those spaces.

The “Lights-out” data center, also known as a darkened or a dark data center, is a data center that, ideally, has all but eliminated the need for direct access by personnel, except under extraordinary circumstances.

A modular data center may consist of data center equipment contained within shipping containers or similar portable containers.

The most commonly used energy efficiency metric of data center energy efficiency is power usage effectiveness, calculated as the ratio of total power entering the data center divided by the power used by IT equipment.

Data centers contain a set of routers and switches that transport traffic between the servers and to the outside world which are connected according to the data center network architecture.

What Is A Data Center?

A data center is a facility that centralizes an organization’s shared IT operations and equipment for the purposes of storing, processing, and disseminating data and applications.

Except where regulatory restrictions require an on-premises data center without internet connections, most modern data center infrastructures have evolved from on-premises physical servers to virtualized infrastructure that supports applications and workloads across multi-cloud environments.

Many options are available today, such as renting servers at a colocation facility, using data center services managed by a third party, or using public cloud-based services from hosts like Amazon, Microsoft, Sony and Google.

A data center built for a cloud service provider like Amazon satisfies facility, infrastructure and security requirements that significantly differ from a completely private data center, such as one built for a government facility that is dedicated to securing classified data.

Regardless of classification, an effective data center operation is achieved through a balanced investment in the facility and the equipment it houses.

Since data centers often house an organization’s business-critical data and applications, it’s essential that both facility and equipment are secured against intruders and cyberattacks.

Read Three Use Cases for Securing a Hybrid Data Center to learn more about the evolution of the data center as well as how to secure modern data centers and hybrid clouds.

What Is A Data Center? The Different Types Of Data Centers

Data centers vary in size, from a small server room all the way up to groups of geographically distributed buildings, but they all share one thing in common: they are a critical business asset where companies often invest in and deploy the latest advancements in data center networking, compute and storage technologies.

The modern data center has evolved from a facility containing an on-premises infrastructure to one that connects on-premises systems with cloud infrastructures where networks, applications and workloads are virtualized in multiple private and public clouds.

Colocation data centers function as a kind of rental property where the space and resources of a data center are made available to the people willing to rent it.

Managed service data centers offer aspects such as data storage, computing, and other services as a third party, serving customers directly.

Data centers are made up of three primary types of components: compute, storage, and network.

In addition to the building security systems supporting a data center facility discussed above, DC networks require a thorough zero trust analysis incorporated into any DC design.

Data access controls, IPS, WAF and their modern equivalent Web Application & API Protection systems need to be specified properly to ensure they scale as needed to meet the demands of data center networks.

The Data Center

Metro New Orleans is now “Majority minority” – but what does that really mean? This brief explores the changing definition of race in the census and demographic shifts across the metro.

We examine what it tells us about policies and practices for protecting New Orleanians during hurricanes and pandemics.

From 2010 to 2020, New Orleans population grew 12%, likely driven by continued post-Katrina recovery in the early part of the decade.

Our research on New Orleans youth examines the reduction in the overall size of the child population in New Orleans as well as the continuing prevalence and challenges of child poverty.

We provide high demand briefs covering demographic shifts across the New Orleans metro, poverty in Southeast Louisiana, our growing Latino population, and the rise of single-person households.

Our “New Orleans Index,” a now biennial publication developed in collaboration with the Brookings Institution, tracks progress towards prosperity relying on over 30 indicators that measure economic growth, sustainability, inclusive growth, and quality of life.

If you are a nonprofit, government, or other agency working to improve New Orleans and our metro area, we’re here to help.

What Are Data Centers? How They Work And How They Are Changing In Size And Scope

Answers to these questions can help determine how many data centers to build and where.

While data centers are often associated with enterprises and web-scale cloud providers, actually any size company can have a data center.

As is the case with all things technology, data centers are currently undergoing a significant transition, and the data center of tomorrow will look significantly different from the one most organizations are familiar with today.

Edge computing is an increasingly popular paradigm in which much of the computational work that would traditionally have happened in a centralized data center happens closer to the edge of the network, where data is gathered.

Micro data centers are compact units that can gather, process, analyze and store data physically close to the devices that collect it, and placing them on-site makes edge computing possible.

In 2019, for the first time enterprises spent more annually on cloud infrastructure services than they did on physical data center hardware, and more than half of servers sold went into cloud providers’ data centers.

This will result in a number of shifts in how data centers are architected, from how they’re connected to the network to how they’re cooled.

What Is A PDU? Power Distribution Unit Basics

For larger projects, a floor-mounted PDU sometimes referred to as the Main Distribution Unit, provides a crucial management bridge that connects the building’s primary power source and a variety of equipment racks within a data center or remote location.

A rack-mounted PDU mounts directly into the equipment rack so it can monitor and control the power supply to specific servers, switches, and other data center devices and assist in balancing power loads.

It can’t generate power, but it delivers AC or DC power from an uninterruptible power supply, a generator, or utility power to your remote equipment.

Common Types of PDU. Switched PDUs and metered PDU unis are two of the most common types of power distribution units.

In most cases, an AC PDU will be powered with AC power and will distribute power with an alternating current.

A rack-mounted power distribution unit usually can manage and distribute large amounts of electricity.

An efficient unit will allow you to monitor and control the power at your individual outlets, switch power on or off, remotely shut down the power during an emergency power outage, and also allocate power efficiently.

Power Distribution Units

To support power distribution requirements in network and server racks and cabinets, Legrand manufactures a range of Power Distribution Units to meet the needs of your installation.

The PDU distributes the incoming power to either NEMA or IEC outlets designed to accept power cords from the mounted IT equipment.

With varying form factors and functionality, Legrand’s line of PDUs are a reliable and cost-effective choice when building out your infrastructure.

Below you will find a variety of PDUs, including both vertical and horizontal form factors to align with your physical infrastructure, with options for Basic, Network Metered, and Network Switched levels of intelligence.

Power Distribution Unit| Vertiv Critical Power

Our innovative power distribution units and rack PDUs not only maintain power, but they also enable us to support you in any challenges your IT infrastructure might face.

From basic PDUs, to monitored and switched rack power distribution units, to locking receptacles, Vertiv’s solutions will offer the power distribution you need, as well as remote monitoring and management of your assets’ power usage, so you can rest assured everything is running at peak performance.

Power Distribution Unit

A power distribution unit is a device fitted with multiple outputs designed to distribute electric power, especially to racks of computers and networking equipment located within a data center.

For data center applications, the power requirement is typically much larger than a home or office style power strips with power inputs as large as 22 kVA or even greater.

Most large data centers utilize PDUs with 3-phase power input and 1-phase power output.

Intelligent PDUs normally have an intelligence module which allow the PDU for remote management of power metering information, power outlet on/off control, and/or alarms.

PDUs vary from simple and inexpensive rack-mounted power strips to larger floor-mounted PDUs with multiple functions including power filtering to improve power quality, intelligent load balancing, and remote monitoring and control by LAN or SNMP. This kind of PDU placement offers intelligent capabilities such as power metering at the inlet, outlet, and PDU branch circuit level and support for environment sensors.

In data centers, larger PDUs are needed to power multiple server cabinets.

In homes and offices, power distribution unit may also refer to a power strip or similar device for consumer use.