Value Through Innovation

Human Health Podcast: Journeys through pulmonary fibrosis.

As we speak to the pulmonary fibrosis community, we hear stories of determination and spirit.

Value Through Innovation

We believe that people and animals are connected in deep and complex ways, and we know that when animals are healthy, people are healthier, too.

We deliver value through science and innovation and enhance the well-being of people and animals to create a healthier tomorrow.

Boehringer Ingelheim

C.H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Ko. KG is the parent company of the Boehringer Ingelheim group, which was founded in 1885 by Albert Boehringer in Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.

As of 2018, Boehringer Ingelheim is one of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies, and the largest private one.

1966: A subsidiary company named Boehringer Ingelheim Hellas was founded and the company started business in Greece.

In 2004 the company acquired STEAG microParts GmbH. In December of the same year the company announced the acquisition of the outstanding shares of Boehringer Ingelheim Shionogi Vetmedica.

In 2010 BI, through its Boehringer Ingelheim Japan Investment GK subsidiary, acquired all outstanding shares of SSP CO., Ltd, with Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd already holding 60.2% of SSP CO’s shares.

In July, subsidiary company Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced it had acquired Amal Therapeutics SA, boostings the business’ focus on cancer immunotherapy and vaccine treatments.

Boehringer Ingelheim is the first pharmaceutical company worldwide to join forces with Google in quantum computing in a newly established Quantum Lab of Boehringer Ingelheim.

Boehringer Ingelheim Portal For HealthCare Professionals

Boehringer Ingelheim has been family-owned since its foundation in 1885 and is one of the 20 largest companies in the pharmaceutical industry.

Headquartered in Ingelheim, Germany, the company operates worldwide with 175 affiliates.

Around 52,000 employees create value through innovation every day.

Lifebit And Boehringer Ingelheim Announce Partnership To Capture Transformational Value Of Health Data

Boehringer Ingelheim partners with Lifebit Biotech, Ltd. to build a scalable data, analytics, and infrastructure platform.

PRNewswire/ – The leading research-driven biopharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim and precision medicine software company Lifebit Biotech, Ltd. today announce partnership in which Lifebit will support Boehringer Ingelheim in building a scalable data, analytics, and infrastructure platform within its IT environment.

Lifebit’s transformational solutions and services will provide standardization of data sources and types, data curation, identification of data and services that could be migrated to cloud, and federating data connectivity with third parties.

The federated architecture of this platform securely brings analytics and computing tools to the data rather than moving sensitive data around.

Lifebit CEO Dr. Maria Chatzou Dunford shared: “We are thrilled to contribute to Boehringer Ingelheim’s vision of harnessing the power of external biobanks and large-scale clinico-genomic data to transform R&D. We are excited to see how our technology and global biobank partnerships can transform research capabilities for Boehringer Ingelheim and deliver powerful impacts for clinical development pipelines across disease areas.”

“We are continuously on the lookout for new opportunities to be able to deliver faster, better and safer solutions. Therefore, partnering with Lifebit, one of our partners in this area, is so critical as data and digital technologies can feed into meaningful scientific exploration, accelerate patient benefits, and ultimately lead to improved health,” added Markus Schümmelfeder, Head of IT at Boehringer Ingelheim.

About Lifebit Biotech, Ltd. Lifebit builds enterprise data platforms for use by organisations with complex and sensitive biomedical datasets.

Boehringer Ingelheim Expands Focus Of Research Funding Program

Boehringer Ingelheim is calling for proposals for its newly-expanded research funding program, Growing Research and New Technology for Swine.

Previously known as the Awards for Advancing Research in Respiratory Disease, the expanded focus of the GRANTS program allows it to fund field-applicable research into the full scope of swine health and production, from respiratory, reproductive and enteric diseases to new technologies, diagnostics and overall approaches to supporting pig health and performance.

Through this program, Boehringer Ingelheim will award funding to three research proposals for $35,000 each.

“The research resulting from this program has been critical to improving the industry’s approach to swine health and production, particularly related to PRRS and other respiratory diseases,” says Reid Philips, DVM, PRRS technical manager, Boehringer Ingelheim.

“The expansion of the Growing Research and New Technology for Swine program increases its impact, enabling valuable learnings about holistic pig health and allowing us to better tackle the complex and ever-changing challenges producers face in the barn every day.”

Research proposals must have the potential to generate new information or approaches to the control and management of swine diseases or inspire broader industry innovation.

Proposals will be judged by the Swine Research and Technology Review Board, which consists of five independent swine veterinarians and researchers.

Brain Training: BioMed X Institute Collaborates With Boehringer Ingelheim

Sensor development project marks the fifth joint research effort between BioMed X with Boehringer Ingelheim.

BioMed X has announced the beginning of its new research project into brain sensor development, in collaboration with Boehringer Ingelheim.

The objective of the project – ‘Advanced Biomarker Detection for Pharmacological Monitoring in the Brain’ – is to develop a continuous monitoring biosensor for the direct detection of small molecule biomarkers in rodent brain tissue.

There are currently two projects in lung research and neuroscience which have already been successfully completed and these are being transferred to Boehringer Ingelheim for further development.

“Our main task is the development of a new minimally invasive molecular biosensor, including molecular design and assay development, biocompatible sensor architecture, and optical sensor integration for in vivo monitoring.”

Christian Tidona, founder and managing director of the BioMed X Institute, also expressed his visions for the collaboration: “The new project will further strengthen and significantly extend our institute’s expertise and capabilities in the field of neuroscience and sensor development.”

Tidona added: “We are eager to add another success story to our long-term partnership with Boehringer Ingelheim and with this new technology platform we are looking forward to contributing to the discovery of new biology in neuropsychiatric diseases.”

Kimberly-Clark Corporation

Our efforts are guided by our value of Caring – for our people and their families, our consumers, and importantly, for those most in need right now.

We aim to make lives better for one billion people in need around the world with the smallest environmental footprint.

By understanding people’s most essential needs, we have built a company and brands that people trust around the world.

A trusted part of life in more than 175 countries and locations.

1/4. Essential to one-quarter of the world every day.

Huggies® sponsors new free NICU virtual support groups from Hand to Hold which allows families to access support from the safety of their own home.

We believe the more our workforce looks and thinks like the people who use our products, the more likely we are to ignite change.

Kimberly Clark News

About Us. Fueled by ingenuity, creativity, and an understanding of people’s most essential needs, Kimberly-Clark’s 45,000 employees around the world create products that help individuals experience more of what’s essential to them.

Our well-known global brands, including Andrex®, Cottonelle®, Depend®, Huggies®, Kleenex®, Plenitude®, Poise®, Scott® and U by Kotex®, are an indispensable part of life for people in more than 175 countries, and we hold the No. 1 or No. 2 brand share in 80 countries.

We also understand our responsibility to make a positive contribution to the people we serve around the globe.

Our sustainable practices support a healthy planet and build stronger communities to ensure our business thrives for decades to come.

In all that we do, we’re building a legacy of positive impact.

For 150 years, we’ve had the foresight to find new ways to make lives better.

From creating new categories to starting new conversations, we are constantly innovating our products and our practices to serve and care for the ever-changing needs of the people we touch at all stages.

Restroom, Safety & Wiping Products Workplaces Trust

Increasing productivity shouldn’t mean sacrificing safety.

Based on something we call “Human-centric engineering,” our gloves, safety glasses, respirators, masks, and protective clothing are designed to keep your facility running smoothly and your people safe.

Generating Income With Kimberly-Clark

The stock can do wonders for investors looking for steady income, but there are near-term challenges that the company is working through at the moment.

To be fair, it’s certainly not a growth stock, and the company’s revenue has been stagnant for most of the past decade.

The company will need to get back to positive revenue growth at some point but has used stock buybacks to help muster 3% annual earnings-per-share growth for the past 10 years – just enough to keep paying and raising its dividend.

If you’re concerned with a stock’s total returns, looking for both dividend income and share-price appreciation, being a bit cautious right now may be a good choice.

The stock’s averaged a price-to-earnings ratio of 20.7 over the past decade but currently trades at a P/E ratio of 24.

It’s fair to argue that the company’s earnings would be higher without the inflation challenges, but the stock seems fairly valued in a best-case scenario.

Kimberly-Clark’s low, single-digit revenue growth makes getting the valuation right a vital part of owning the stock.

Kimberly-Clark Buys Majority Stake In Thinx Period Underwear Maker Thinx

Kimberly-Clark Corporation has acquired a majority stake in Thinx, Inc., a maker of reusable period and incontinence underwear.

Thinx Inc., founded in 2013, encompasses four brands, Thinx, Thinx, Speax by Thinx, and Thinx for All, a lower-priced line available at Target.

Russ Torres, group president of Irving, Texas-based Kimberly-Clark’s North American consumer business, said the investment paves the road for collaboration and category growth with retail partners while the company will also continue to support Thinx in direct-to-consumer channels.

“Kimberly-Clark invented the ‘femcare’ category 100 years ago and Thinx invented the ‘femtech’ category nine years ago. It’s fitting that we will be working more closely with a like-minded organization to realize our mission and vision and to enable Thinx underwear to more quickly become a mainstream product,” said Maria Molland, CEO of New York City-based Thinx.

Molland was named CEO in 2017 after Thinx founder and CEO Miki Agrawal stepped down.

Kimberly-Clark’s portfolio of brands includes feminine hygiene products from Kotex and incontinence brands Poise and Depend.

“Opportunities like this do not come along often and I believe it’s because we did something truly special. We are the first start-up company in the reusable period underwear category to be in the position of having a Fortune 500 company acquire a majority stake,” Molland said in a blog post.

Irving-Based Kimberly-Clark Acquires Emerging Period Underwear Brand Thinx

Irving-based personal care product company Kimberly-Clark Corp. has acquired a majority stake in Thinx, the creator of a leading line of period underwear for women and an innovator in the feminine hygiene industry.

Thinx was one of the first companies to release a period underwear product, according to CNET, which ranks it among the best in the category.

NBC News’ consumer publication NBC Select named Thinx the No. 1 brand in 2021 for its light absorbency period underwear.

“Kimberly-Clark invented the ‘femcare’ category 100 years ago and Thinx invented the ‘femtech’ category nine years ago. It’s fitting that we will be working more closely with a like-minded organization to realize our mission and vision, and to enable Thinx underwear to more quickly become a mainstream product for period and bladder leak needs,” Thinx CEO Maria Molland said in a statement.

Thinx advertises that its underwear is comfortable, breathable, reusable and machine washable as well as absorbent enough to handle everything from a light to heavy period flow.

The global market for period underwear is expected to hit $280 million by 2026, according to a report from research firm Future Market Insights.

“We have tremendous respect for Thinx and its accomplishments in period and light bladder leakage reusable underwear,” Kimberly-Clark chief growth officer Alison Lewis said in a statement.

Kimberly-Clark

The company developed cellu-cotton in 1914, a cotton substitute used by the U.S. Army as surgical cotton during World War I. Army nurses used cellu-cotton pads as disposable sanitary napkins, and six years later the company introduced Kotex, the first disposable feminine hygiene product.

Kimberly & Clark joined with The New York Times Company in 1926 to build a newsprint mill in Kapuskasing, Ontario, Canada.

Under the leadership of Darwin Smith as CEO from 1971 to 1991, the company was transformed from a business paper company to a consumer paper products company.

In 1997, Kimberly-Clark sold its 50% stake in Canada’s Scott Paper to forest products company Kruger Inc. and bought diaper operations in Spain and Portugal and disposable surgical masks maker Tecnol Medical Products.

The company later purchased Taiwan Scott Paper Corporation for about $40 million and merged the two companies, forming Kimberly-Clark Taiwan.

The origin of Midwest Airlines can be traced back to 1948, when Kimberly-Clark opened its corporate flight department and began providing air transportation for company executives and engineers between the company’s headquarters in Neenah and its paper mills.

Initially, the company resisted calls to clean up its production methods, publicly hinting in 1986 that forcing the company to clean up would shut it down and force the layoff of 900 workers.

What Is Gene Therapy?

Human gene therapy seeks to modify or manipulate the expression of a gene or to alter the biological properties of living cells for therapeutic use 1.

Gene therapy is a technique that modifies a person’s genes to treat or cure disease.

Replacing a disease-causing gene with a healthy copy of the gene.

Gene therapy products are being studied to treat diseases including cancer, genetic diseases, and infectious diseases.

Viral vectors: Viruses have a natural ability to deliver genetic material into cells, and therefore some gene therapy products are derived from viruses.

Human gene editing technology: The goals of gene editing are to disrupt harmful genes or to repair mutated genes.

Patient-derived cellular gene therapy products: Cells are removed from the patient, genetically modified and then returned to the patient.

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is an experimental form of treatment that uses gene transfer of genetic material into the cell of a patient to cure the disease.

The idea is to modify the genetic information of the cell of the patient that is responsible for a disease, and then return that cell to normal conditions.

Transfer of genetic material is done commonly by using viral vectors that use their own biological capacities to enter the cell and deposit the genetic material.

Both inherited genetic diseases and acquired disorders can be treated with gene therapy.

Examples of these disorders are primary immune deficiencies, where gene therapy has been able to fully correct the presentation of patients, and/or cancer, where the gene therapy is still at the experimental stage.

Gene Therapy

If a mutation in a certain gene causes the production of a dysfunctional protein resulting in an inherited disease, gene therapy could be used to deliver a copy of this gene that does not contain the deleterious mutation and thereby produces a functional protein.

Gene therapy was conceptualized in 1972, by authors who urged caution before commencing human gene therapy studies.

Gene therapy approaches to replace a faulty gene with a healthy gene have been proposed and are being studied for treating some genetic diseases.

The modified cancer gene therapy strategy of antisense IGF-I RNA using antisense / triple helix anti-IGF-I approach was registered in 2002, by Wiley gene therapy clinical trial – n˚ 635 and 636.

Gendicine is a cancer gene therapy that delivers the tumor suppressor gene p53 using an engineered adenovirus.

Considering the ethical aspect of gene diagnostic and gene therapy targeting IGF-I, the IGF-I expressing tumors i.e. lung and epidermis cancers were treated.

One of the four trials did find weak evidence that liposome-based CFTR gene transfer therapy may lead to a small respiratory improvement for people with CF. This weak evidence is not enough to make a clinical recommendation for routine CFTR gene therapy.

What Is Gene Therapy?: MedlinePlus Genetics

Gene therapy is a medical approach that treats or prevents disease by correcting the underlying genetic problem.

Gene therapy techniques allow doctors to treat a disorder by altering a person’s genetic makeup instead of using drugs or surgery.

Introduce a new gene into cells to help fight a disease.

Introduce a non-faulty copy of a gene to stand in for the altered copy causing disease.

Later studies led to advances in gene therapy techniques.

Fix a genetic alteration underlying a disorder, so the gene can function properly.

Gene therapies are being used to treat a small number of diseases, including an eye disorder called Leber congenital amaurosis and a muscle disorder called spinal muscular atrophy.

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy involves altering the genes inside your body’s cells in an effort to treat or stop disease.

Gene therapy replaces a faulty gene or adds a new gene in an attempt to cure disease or improve your body’s ability to fight disease.

Gene therapy holds promise for treating a wide range of diseases, such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, heart disease, diabetes, hemophilia and AIDS. Researchers are still studying how and when to use gene therapy.

Gene therapy is used to correct defective genes in order to cure a disease or help your body better fight disease.

Doctors could use gene therapy to train your immune system to recognize the cells that are a threat.

The most common gene therapy vectors are viruses because they can recognize certain cells and carry genetic material into the cells’ genes.

Gene therapy continues to be a very important and active area of research aimed at developing new, effective treatments for a variety of diseases.

Gene Therapy: Advances, Challenges And Perspectives

These genetic advances prepared the scenario for the emergence of genetic engineering with the production of new drugs and antibodies, and as of 1980, gene therapy has been incorporated by scientists.

Gene therapy is understood as the capacity for gene improvement by means of the correction of altered genes or site-specific modifications that have therapeutic treatment as target.

There is also the important issue of the target cell type of gene therapy that currently is subdivided into two large groups: gene therapy of the germline() and gene therapy of somatic cells.

Somatic cell gene therapy is when therapeutic genes are transferred to a patient’s somatic cells.

Gene therapy process: release of the geneIn gene therapy, a normal gene is inserted into the genome to replace an abnormal gene responsible for causing a certain disease.

One example of this combination of gene therapy and stem cells would be the production of gene transfer vectors for the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells, in order to generate the differentiation of the iPS and afford an additional phenotype from this differentiated derived cell.

CD34+ cells from patients who are carriers of sickle cell anemia were isolated, edited by CRISPR-Cas9, and after 16 weeks, the results showed a reduction in the expression levels of the mutated gene and an increased gene expression of the wild type.

Development Of COVID-19 Vaccines Utilizing Gene Therapy Technology

There is currently an outbreak of respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Many companies are developing COVID-19 vaccine candidates using different technologies that are classified into four groups.

For rapid development, RNA vaccines and adenovirus vector vaccines have been urgently approved, and their injection has already started across the world.

These types of vaccine technologies have been developed over more than 20 years using translational research for use against cancer or diseases caused by genetic disorders but the COVID-19 vaccines are the first licensed drugs to prevent infectious diseases using RNA vaccine technology.

Although these vaccines are highly effective in preventing COVID-19 for a short period, safety and efficiency evaluations should be continuously monitored over a long time period.

Hopefully, several projects may be approved to ensure high-efficiency and safe vaccines.

Spark Therapeutics

Our mission at Spark Therapeutics is to challenge the inevitability of genetic disease by discovering, developing and delivering potential treatments in ways unimaginable-until now.

We have built a fully integrated company, combining our proprietary adeno-associated viral gene therapy platform with excellence in R&D, manufacturing and commercial operations.

Find out more about how we strive to turn genes into medicines for patients with inherited diseases, including inherited retinal diseases, liver-directed diseases such as hemophilia, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Jobs At Spark Therapeutics

Spark Therapeutics is an equal opportunity employer.

We do not discriminate on the basis of race, color, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, religion, national or ethnic origin, disability, protected veteran status or any other basis protected by applicable law.

Spark Therapeutics does not accept unsolicited resumes from any source other than directly from candidates.

For the protection of all parties involved in the recruiting process, resumes will only be accepted from recruiters if a signed agreement is in place at the inception of the recruiting effort and authorized for a specified position.

Unsolicited resumes sent to Spark Therapeutics from recruiters do not constitute any type of relationship between the recruiter and Spark Therapeutics and do not obligate Spark Therapeutics to pay fees if we hire from those resumes.

Federal law requires employers to provide reasonable accommodation to qualified individuals with disabilities.

Examples of reasonable accommodation include making a change to the application process or work procedures, providing documents in an alternate format, using a sign language interpreter, or using specialized equipment.

Spark Therapeutics

Our mission at Spark Therapeutics is to challenge the inevitability of genetic disease by discovering, developing and delivering potential treatments in ways unimaginable-until now.

We have built a fully integrated company, combining our proprietary adeno-associated viral gene therapy platform with excellence in R&D, manufacturing and commercial operations.

Find out more about how we strive to turn genes into medicines for patients with inherited diseases, including inherited retinal diseases, liver-directed diseases such as hemophilia, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Spark Therapeutics, The Heart Of Philly’S Gene Therapy Surge, Has Announced A New Leader

Spark Therapeutics Inc., the commercial anchor of Philadelphia’s burgeoning gene and cell therapy industry, is getting a new CEO, the company announced Wednesday.

The change comes a bit more than two years after Roche Group, a Swiss pharmaceutical giant, paid $4.8 billion for Spark, which was spun out of Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia in 2013.CHOP made the first venture capital investments in Spark and netted the hospital more than $750 million, according to Marrazzo.

Philip, 48, a Drexel University graduate, said Spark has developed a robust pipeline of potential gene therapies that could be manufactured in the new facility.

It’s notable that another Roche company, Genentech, has a hemophilia treatment, Hemlibra, described during a December investment call as setting a “High bar” for competitors such as the potential gene therapy cure at Spark.

Spark originated in the lab of Katherine A. High, a gene therapy pioneer who was among a small group of researchers to continue gene therapy research after the 1999 death of Jesse Gelsinger in a clinical trial led by Jim Wilson at the University of Pennsylvania scared investors from the field.

High went on to cofound Spark as its president and head of research and development and was seen as a key hire when Roche bought Spark.

High left Spark in early 2020 and a year later became president of Asklepios BioPharmaceutical Inc., a gene therapy company in Research Triangle Park, N.C. that is owned by Bayer AG.Steven Altschuler, who was CEO of CHOP when he persuaded the hospital’s board to invest up to $50 million in Spark, described the company as “Responsible for resurrecting the whole field of gene therapy at a time when because of safety concerns and what had happened with Jim Wilson and with Jesse Gelsinger that the industry had basically fallen apart.”

Patient Services & Assistance

At Spark Therapeutics Generation Patient Services, our goal is to be your partner and help guide you through your experience.

We can help by: Providing a caring support team from confirmed diagnosis through postsurgery follow-up.

Ensuring a single point of contact to help you navigate insurance coverage and connect you with financial assistance resources as needed.

Helping to coordinate your visits to the treatment center.

We understand that living with a genetic disease can be challenging.

Here at Spark Therapeutics, we take a patient-centric approach to our research and support services.

We provide support that is clear, caring, and customized.

Spark Therapeutics Educational Grants

Independence from Commercial Influence: Educational activities defined as “Independent”, or the term “Independence” as it relates to CME/CE activities, refers to all Educational Grants for which a Grant Recipient has full control of the content, faculty, venue, and logistics for the activities regardless of availability of CE/CME credit.

Spark Therapeutics may provide grants for financial assistance for scholarships or other educational funds to permit medical students, residents, fellows and other healthcare professionals in training to attend major educational, scientific or policy-making conferences or meetings.

Acceptable Grant Types: Spark funds independent educational grants to inform and educate HCPs and patients.

Grants may not be used as a promotional tool to induce customers to purchase or use Spark products or services, or to reward customers for past purchases or to promote use of Spark products.

Spark may provide grants for financial assistance for scholarships or other educational funds to permit medical students, residents, fellows and other healthcare professionals in training to attend major educational, scientific or policy-making conferences or meetings.

Unacceptable Grant Types: Under no circumstances may an educational grant be supported with the intent of, directly or indirectly, influencing, developing a relationship with, or rewarding any Grant Recipient, HCP, individual, or entity with respect to the purchase, prescription, recommendation, or formulary placement of any Spark product or service; influencing any Grant Recipient’s conduct or decisions regarding clinical or other research or the dissemination of medical or scientific data; assisting in the development of any Grant Recipient’s business; and/or promoting an Spark product or service.

Grant Application: The Grant Recipient is required to complete and submit the grant application in accordance with guidance provided on the Spark website or in response to an RFP. The grant application must include a reasonably detailed description of the educational program for which funding is requested, including the accreditation status of the Grant Recipient the program title, a statement of educational need, description of the topic, an agenda or table of contents, the date of event(s), learning objectives, instructional methods, evaluation plan, appropriate faculty profile and experience, number and type of attendees, and detailed budget.

Regulatory Operations RIM Lead Job With Spark Therapeutics

Primary Duties The Regulatory Operations RIM Lead is responsible for the day-to-day operational performance of the Regulatory Information Management group.

She/he is responsible for maintaining the correspondence and registrations tracking systems and also the Veeva RIM submission document and archive vaults as the Veeva admin/system owner in accordance with Spark policies, guidelines, and procedures.

Collaborate with Regulatory Affairs team to explore new systems and processes improving how documents are created and used effectively in health authority applications to bring our gene therapies to the patient community.

Help team members understand how their work contributes to the overall success of Spark by continuously communicating priorities, decisions and changes; adjusting goals as needed.

Extensive understanding of RIM and regulatory operations including demonstrated ability to develop and implement global RIM systems processes.

Management of the day-to-day operations of the RIM systems.

Work with Regulatory Operations team to determine how systems can work with each other to increase efficiency in planning, preparing, publishing, reviewing, approving, dispatching, and archiving documents and dossiers.

Cell Therapy

Cell therapy is a therapy in which viable cells are injected, grafted or implanted into a patient in order to effectuate a medicinal effect, for example, by transplanting T-cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity in the course of immunotherapy, or grafting stem cells to regenerate diseased tissues.

In recent decades stem cell and cell transplantation has gained significant interest by researchers as a potential new therapeutic strategy for a wide range of diseases, in particular for degenerative and immunogenic pathologies.

Cell therapy can be defined as therapy in which cellular material is injected or otherwise transplanted into a patient.

Annually an estimated 18,000 patients require potentially life-saving bone marrow transplants in the US. For a long time, bone marrow transplantation was the only clinically applicable method of cell transplantation since the 1990s, cell therapy has been investigated for a wide scale of pathologies and disorders.

Cell therapy is targeted at many clinical indications in multiple organs and by several modes of cell delivery.

Currently, xenogeneic cell therapies primarily involve human cell transplantation into experimental animal models for assessment of efficacy and safety, however future advances could potentially enable xenogeneic strategies to humans as well.

Of this alternative, animal-based form of cell therapy, the American Cancer Society say: “Available scientific evidence does not support claims that cell therapy is effective in treating cancer or any other disease. It may in fact be lethal …”.

Cell Therapy

Cell therapy refers to the transfer of cells into a patient with the goal of improving a disease.

Types of cell therapies include blood transfusions, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and gene modified cell therapy.

Gene-modified cell therapy involves removing cells from a patient’s body, in order to introduce a new gene or correct a faulty gene in vitro.

An example of this approach is chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy.

In CAR-T cell therapy, a gene is introduced to the patient’s T cells, which are a kind of immune cell, in vitro using a vector.

The additional gene changes the T-cells in a way that enables them to recognize and attack specific cancer cells.

ScienceDirect Topics

Two such immunotherapeutic approaches involve use of monoclonal antibodies to overcome checkpoint inhibitors such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 and programmed death 1 on cytotoxic T cells, or a form of adoptive cell transfer which utilized ex vivo genetic engineering of T cells from the cancer patient so as to express chimeric antigen receptors, creating patient-specific CAR-T cells.

CAR-T cell therapy requires drawing blood from the patient, separating the T cells, genetically engineering the T cells ex vivo to express surface CARs, and then expanding them in vitro.

A procedure for cell isolation would have to be carried out prior to the planned date of cell therapy administration, and the cells would have to be cultured under a stringently controlled environment to prevent contamination.

For cell therapy to reach its potential, we must use preclinical research to overcome the four major hurdles that still exist in cell therapy for myocardial repair: picking the proper cell type and delivery options for various forms of myocardial damage, maximizing survival of transplanted cells, properly differentiating progenitor cells down cardiomyocyte and/or endothelial cell pathways, and electrically integrating the transplanted cells.

Some of these cell therapies possess the properties of bona fide stem cells while others are heterogeneous collections of progenitor, immature, and/or mature cell types.

Cell TherapiesCell therapies are ones in which suspensions of cells are injected into the blood stream or into a tissue or organ with expectations that the cells will repair any injury process that has occurred or that is ongoing.

Determined stem cells, but not ES cells, are the first forms of stem cells to enter into clinical trials of cell therapies, due to their restorative potential and absence of evidence for tumorigenicity.

Cell Therapy

Cell Therapy aims to treat diseases by restoring or altering certain sets of cells, or by using cells to carry a therapy through the body.

Charging towards the next-generation of CAR-T. Learn More.

Cell Therapy: CGMP Facilities And Manufacturing

Razvi ES, Oosta GM. Stem Cells for cellular therapy space.

Isolation and production of cells suitable for human therapy: challenges ahead. Cell Stem Cell.

Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells.

Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from dermal fibroblasts.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells free of vector and transgene sequences.

Dietz AB, Padley DJ, Gastineau DA. Infrastructure development for human cell therapy translation.

New ISSCR guidelines underscore major principles for responsible translational stem cell research.

Cellular & Gene Therapy Products

The Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research regulates cellular therapy products, human gene therapy products, and certain devices related to cell and gene therapy.

CBER uses both the Public Health Service Act and the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act as enabling statutes for oversight.

Cellular therapy products include cellular immunotherapies, cancer vaccines, and other types of both autologous and allogeneic cells for certain therapeutic indications, including hematopoetic stem cells and adult and embryonic stem cells.

Human gene therapy seeks to modify or manipulate the expression of a gene or to alter the biological properties of living cells for therapeutic use.

CBER has approved both cellular and gene therapy products – a list of these products may be found here.

Cellular and gene therapy-related research and development in the United States continue to grow at a fast rate, with a number of products advancing in clinical development.

In addition to regulatory oversight of clinical studies, CBER provides proactive scientific and regulatory advice to medical researchers and manufacturers in the area of novel product development.

What Is Stem Cell Therapy?

Stem cell therapy is a form of regenerative medicine designed to repair damaged cells within the body by reducing inflammation and modulating the immune system.

Stem cells can be administered in a variety of fashions; IV Stem Cell Therapy, Intrathecal, Site injections into problem areas.

The therapeutic uses of stem cells as a potential therapy for a variety of diseases has been immensely explored, the number of clinical trials conducted with Mesenchymal Stem Cells has increased exponentially over the past few years.

A stem cell can become many different cell types in the human body.

Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells that can self-renew and differentiate into different cell types.

Umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into different cell types and have the greatest proliferation rate of the three mentioned types of stem cells.

DVC Stem provides an expanded stem cell treatment that utilizes umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells sourced from an FDA-compliant lab in the United States.

AIM ImmunoTech Appoints Robert Dickey, IV As Chief

OCALA, Fla., March 03, 2022 – AIM ImmunoTech Inc., an immuno-pharma company focused on the research and development of therapeutics to treat multiple types of cancers, immune disorders, and viral diseases, including COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, today announced the appointment of Robert Dickey IV, as its Chief Financial Officer.

Effective April 4, 2022, Mr. Dickey will become CFO and Ellen Lintal, who has served as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, will transition to serve as a finance and accounting consultant for AIM. Mr. Dickey has more than 25 years of experience of C-suite financial leadership for life science and medical device companies, both private and public, ranging from preclinical development to commercial operations and across a variety of disease areas and medical technologies.

“With six ongoing oncology clinical trials with multiple data readouts expected over the next 6-12 months, AIM is entering a pivotal time for the Company and I look forward to leveraging the insight and perspective I’ve amassed over the course of my career to help capitalize on and create catalytic events to maximize value for all stakeholders,” added Mr. Dickey.

Career fundraising highlights include raising over $100 million in private company financings, over $200 million for public companies and over $1 billion as an investment banker.

Mr. Dickey currently serves as an advisor to life science companies through Foresite Advisors, LLC which integrates his decades of finance experience with advanced business insights.

Mr. Dickey currently serves on the Board and Audit Committee Chair of Emmaus Life Sciences, a public company with an approved drug for sickle cell disease, on the Board of Angiogenex Inc. a public company out of Memorial Sloan Kettering, Chief Corporate Development Officer of BCI LifeSciences LLC., and part of the Leadership Team at Cell One Partners.

About AIM ImmunoTech Inc. AIM ImmunoTech Inc. is an immuno-pharma company focused on the research and development of therapeutics to treat multiple types of cancers, immune disorders, and viral diseases, including COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

AIM ImmunoTech

AIM ImmunoTech Inc., formerly known as Hemispherx Biopharma Inc., is a biopharmaceutical company based in Ocala, Florida.

The company is developing Ampligen to use as a treatment for multiple cancer tumor types, COVID-19 and chronic fatigue syndrome.

On April 3, 2001, Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc. adjusted and restated its 1999 financial statements to reflect charges relating to an extension of the exercise period to certain warrants as of February 1999.

On April 3, 2006, Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc. restated financial results for 2003 and 2004 due to accounting mistakes related to debentures and warrants issued between March 2003 and August 2005.

In June, 2018, Hemispherx announced that Ampligen had shown effectiveness in activating the TLR3 without triggering T-cell regulatory activities, offering a potentially effective way to treat tumors.

As of June 2019, Hemispherx is operating 5 studies examining the viability of Ampligen for combating Ovarian cancer, to which end it has also raised tens of millions of dollars in shareholder capital.

On March 12, 2020, Hemispherx Biopharma announced that they were testing a possible treatment for the novel coronavirus, the virus believed to cause the symptoms of COVID-19.

Chief Financial Officer Definition

The term chief financial officer refers to a senior executive responsible for managing the financial actions of a company.

The CFO’s duties include tracking cash flow and financial planning as well as analyzing the company’s financial strengths and weaknesses and proposing corrective actions.

The role of a CFO is similar to a treasurer or controller because they are responsible for managing the finance and accounting divisions and for ensuring that the company’s financial reports are accurate and completed in a timely manner.

The chief financial officer is a member of the C-suite, a term used to describe the most important executives in a company.

Alongside the CFO, these roles include the chief executive officer, the chief operating officer, and the chief information officer.

The CFO is responsible for managing the financial activities of a company and adhering to generally accepted accounting principles adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission and other regulatory entities.

A chief financial officer is a senior corporate executive who is responsible for the overall planning and management of a company’s financial affairs.

Chief Financial Officer: Requirements, Degree & Duties

A CFO monitors and works to improve the financial status of a business.

While the requirements of becoming a CFO may vary depending on the organization hiring, most candidates will possess a bachelor’s or a master’s degree as well as at least a few years of experience working in a related position.

Being a senior position, a CFO requires certain expertise and the right attitude to supervise a group of people and handle the company’s financial problems.

As a minimum requirement, a CFO’s education includes completing a bachelor’s degree.

Since they are in charge of the financial aspect of a business, it is preferable that a CFO is a graduate in business-related courses such as accounting, economics, and finance.

Having expertise helps the CFO to tackle technical problems in a business.

A company will also prefer to hire a person for the CFO position who has previously worked in a business department like in the treasury or in the accounting department.

Homeland Security

The Office of the Chief Financial Officer is responsible for the fiscal management, integrity and accountability of the Department of Homeland Security.

The mission of the OCFO is to provide guidance and oversight of the Department’s budget, financial management, financial operations for all Departmental management and operations, the DHS Working Capital Fund, grants and assistance awards, and resource management systems to ensure that funds necessary to carry out the Department’s mission are obtained, allocated, and expended in accordance with the Department’s priorities and relevant law and policies.

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Chief Financial Officer

The chief financial officer is the officer of a company that has primary responsibility for managing the company’s finances, including financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and financial reporting.

Some CFOs have the title CFOO for chief financial and operating officer.

The Chief Financial Officers Act, enacted in 1990, created a chief financial officer in each of 23 federal agencies.

The Office of Federal Financial Management is specifically charged with overseeing financial management matters, establishing financial management policies and requirements, and monitoring the establishment and operation of federal financial management systems.

Its mandate is to work collaboratively to improve financial management in the U.S. government and “Advise and coordinate the activities of the agencies of its members” in the areas of financial management and accountability.

While significant progress in improving federal financial management has been made since the federal government began preparing consolidated financial statements, the Government Accountability Office reported that “Major impediments continue to prevent [GAO] from rendering an opinion.” In December 2006, the GAO announced that for the 10th consecutive year, the GAO was prevented from expressing an opinion on the consolidated financial statements of the government due to a number of material weaknesses related to financial systems, fundamental recordkeeping, and financial reporting.

Many organizations have embarked on the journey to help achieve this by creating a finance function based on four distinct pillars – An Accounting organization structured as a shared service, an FP&A organization responsible for driving financial planning processes as well as driving increased insight into financial and non financial KPIs that drive business performance, a Finance Business Partnering organization that supports the leadership of divisions, regions, functions to drive performance improvement and, last but not least, expertise centers around the areas of Tax, Treasury, Internal Audit, Investor Relations, etc.

Coronary Stents

Coronary stents are expandable tubular metallic devices which are introduced into the coronary arteries that demonstrate stenosis due to an underlying atherosclerosis disease.

This revascularization procedure is termed as a percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary angioplasty with stent placement.

The coronary stent was first developed in the 1980s and has continued to evolve in terms of shape, structure, and the material used within them.

In a pre-stent era, balloon angioplasty was the mainstay of coronary revascularization in which an inflatable balloon-tipped catheter was inserted percutaneously through an arterial entry site in the extremity and advanced into the coronary arteries.

This procedure had major drawbacks such as acute vessel closure due to arterial recoil, coronary artery dissection, acute arterial thrombosis, and restenosis due to neointimal hyperplasia.

With the introduction of coronary stents, coronary dissection and vascular recoil were eliminated due to the expandable, metallic meshwork of the stent, which prevents negative remodeling.

Other stents like bifurcation stents and covered stents are designed for special circumstances such as lesion over vascular bifurcation or coronary artery perforation, respectively.

Coronary Angioplasty And Stents

Coronary angioplasty, also called percutaneous coronary intervention, is a procedure used to open clogged heart arteries.

Depending on the extent of your heart disease and your overall health, your doctor may determine that coronary artery bypass surgery is a better option than angioplasty for you.

A stroke is an extremely rare complication of coronary angioplasty.

Your doctor will also perform an imaging test called a coronary angiogram to see if the arteries to your heart are blocked and if they can be treated with angioplasty.

If your doctor finds a blockage during your coronary angiogram, he or she may decide to perform angioplasty and stenting immediately after the angiogram while your heart is still catheterized.

Most stents implanted during an angioplasty are drug coated.

Coronary angioplasty greatly increases blood flow through the previously narrowed or blocked coronary artery.

Coronary Stents

Maximum whole-body-averaged specific absorption rate of 2-W/kg in Normal Operating Mode.

As there are no known coronary stents made from ferromagnetic metallic materials, it is not necessary to wait 6 weeks or longer for MRI scanning.

Coronary Stenting

The stent catheter is then threaded into the artery and the stent is placed around a deflated balloon.

When this is correctly positioned in the coronary artery, the balloon is inflated, expanding the stent against the walls of the coronary artery.

The balloon catheter is removed, leaving the stent in place to hold the coronary artery open.

A cardiac angiography will follow to ensure that the stent is keeping the artery open.

Coated stents- Recently new types of stents have been introduced to help reduce the possibility of re-stenosis, the development of more blockages in the treated area.

Some stents are coated with drugs that can help to keep the vessel from re-closing.

The coated stents release their medicine into the tissue around the stent, which can slow down or stop re-stenosis.

Coronary Angioplasty And Stenting

Coronary angioplasty is a medical procedure in which a balloon is used to open a blockage in a coronary artery narrowed by atherosclerosis.

When atherosclerosis affects the coronary arteries, the condition is called coronary artery disease.

Coronary angioplasty is used to restore blood flow to the heart when the coronary arteries have become narrowed or blocked due to coronary artery disease.

These options include angioplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting, a type of open-heart surgery.

Before coronary angioplasty is done, your doctor will need to know whether your coronary arteries are blocked.

The doctor then threads a very thin guide wire through the artery in your arm or groin toward the area of the coronary artery that’s blocked.

Although angioplasty can reduce the symptoms of coronary artery disease, it isn’t a cure for CAD or the risk factors that led to it.

Angioplasty And Stent Placement For The Heart

Angioplasty is a procedure used to open blocked coronary arteries caused by coronary artery disease.

Coronary stents are now used in nearly all angioplasty procedures.

If scar tissue does form inside the stent, you may need a repeat procedure.

For some people, having to lie still on the procedure table for the length of the procedure may cause some discomfort or pain.

For planned angioplasty procedures, your doctor may want you to continue taking aspirin and antiplatelet medicines, so be sure to ask.

Your provider may request a blood test before the procedure to find out how long it takes your blood to clot.

Your pulses below the catheter insertion site will be checked and marked so that the circulation to the limb below the site can easily be checked during and after the procedure.

ScienceDirect Topics

Borosilicate glass has several advantages over soda glass.

Alternatively apparatus made of borosilicate glass can withstand a wider range of thermal strain than soda glass equipment of the same thickness.

Glass-blowing with soda glass is not easy in spite of these advantages because, having heated the glass, it must be very carefully annealed to eliminate strain during cooling.

If a sample is heated in a bunsen flame, soda glass will quickly become white hot and soften, whereas borosilicate glass will merely become red hot, and unless the sample is very thin, it will not easily bend or collapse.

The same principles apply to soda as to borosilicate glass, but the glass must not be allowed to become too soft; if it does, the tubing will almost certainly collapse on bending.

While borosilicate glass requires a roaring bunsen flame fitted with a bat’s-wing spreader, soda glass may be softened excessively under similar conditions.

The United States has, in the past few years, continued the construction of very large Joule-heated glass melters having throughputs of several tonnes of glass per day at the Hanford reservation in Washington State.

What Is Borosilicate Glass And Why Is It Better Than Regular Glass?

Borosilicate glass is a type of glass that contains boron trioxide which allows for a very low coefficient of thermal expansion.

Borosilicate glass is made up of about 15% boron trioxide, which is that magical ingredient that completely changes the behavior of glass and makes it thermal shock resistant.

The coefficient of soda-lime glass is more than double that of borosilicate glass.

Borosilicate glass has a much higher proportion of silicon dioxide in comparison to regular soda lime glass, which makes it even less susceptible to fractures.

This is why you can take borosilicate glass out from the oven and run cold water over it without shattering the glass.

In terms of overall performance, borosilicate glass is far superior to regular glass.

When using borosilicate glass the liquid inside remains pure, and because borosilicate glass has low solubility, it keeps your beverage free from contamination.

Borosilicate Glass

This type of glass was invented in 1887 by SCHOTT founder Otto SCHOTT. By adding a high proportion of boron oxide to silicon oxide, as an additional network former in a glass melt, borosilicate glass acquires several outstanding properties that make it ideal for demanding technical applications.

Different types of borosilicate glass are defined by the mixture of boron oxide and silicon oxide and by the addition of other components.

Borosilicate glass with low alkali and alkaline earth content offer high chemical durability, a low coefficient of thermal expansion and high electrical insulation.

By increasing the alkali and alkaline earth content, the CTE can be adapted to specific applications.

Borosilicate Glass: Properties, Production And Applications

Known for its heat resistance and physical durability, borosilicate glass is useful in many applications mostly involved with temperature changes.

Borosilicate glass properties Low thermal expansion.

With a thermal expansion coefficient of at least 3.2 x 10-6 1/K, pure borosilicate glass is significantly more resistant to temperature changes where other types of glass may become warped or deformed.

The melting process requires an exceedingly higher temperature than traditional glass production, owing to the material’s high transition temperature of up to 560°C. Once the substrate has been produced, borosilicate glass may be processed in a number of ways depending on the application for the material.

Most of the modern beakers, flasks, and other glass receptacles designed for laboratory use are made of borosilicate glass.

Popular cookware brands make use of borosilicate glass for baking dishes and glass cooking pots.

Lighting equipment requires glass receptacles and membranes that can withstand intense heat, and this is where borosilicate glass is extremely useful.

What Is Borosilicate Glass?

Cookware – Pyrex first made borosilicate famous at a household level in the early 20th century with their borosilicate glass oven dishes and other cookware.

You can even take a borosilicate glass dish from the freezer and put it into a hot oven without any problems! Borosilicate glass can tolerate a change in temperature of up to 320 degrees Fahrenheit.

Borosilicate glass is 100% inert, like other forms of glass.

It’s so popular because it’s readily available and one of the cheapest forms of glass to produce, but it is not as durable as borosilicate glass.

Pyrex has been made with tempered glass instead of borosilicate glass for decades.

Tempered glass is more durable and better at withstanding thermal shock than soda-lime glass but not as resilient as borosilicate glass.

Just make sure you buy a genuine Borosilicate glass product, as tempered glass and soda-lime glass do not have the same properties and benefits!

US Dollars To Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate

Currency InformationPopular US Dollar Currency PairingsPowering commercial grade rates at 300+ companies worldwide.

Learn moreCheck live rates, send money securely, set rate alerts, receive notifications and more.

United States Dollar

The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States and its territories.

The sums of money reported in the “Statements” are currently expressed in U.S. dollars, thus the U.S. dollar may be described as the unit of account of the United States.

Section 20 of the Act designates the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States: : 250-1 . [T]he money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or unitsand that all accounts in the public offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation.

Even after the United States Mint commenced issuing coins in 1792, locally minted dollars and cents were less abundant in circulation than Spanish American pesos and reales; hence Spanish, Mexican and American dollars all remained legal tender in the United States until the Coinage Act of 1857.

The new US silver dollar of 371.25 grains therefore compared favorably and was received at par with the Spanish dollar for foreign payments, and after 1803 the United States Mint had to suspend making this coin out of its limited resources since it failed to stay in domestic circulation.

A frequent topic of debate is whether the strong dollar policy of the United States is indeed in America’s own best interests, as well as in the best interest of the international community.

Rising government spending in the 1960s led to doubts about the ability of the United States to maintain this convertibility, gold stocks dwindled as banks and international investors began to convert dollars to gold, and as a result, the value of the dollar began to decline.

UN’S Political Hypocrisy- As Multi-Million Dollar Purchases Continue From A Blacklisted Russia

UNITED NATIONS, Mar 4 2022 – The world’s financial institutions, primarily in the US and Europe, have cut off links and economically ostracized Russia for its invasion of Ukraine and violation of the UN charter.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres lambasted the Russians declaring the military invasion “a violation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine- and inconsistent with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations.”

Despite the fact that Russia has been politically and economically isolated as an international pariah, the UN Secretariat is continuing its relationship with Russian companies- buying goods and services, primarily relating to air transportation, information and communication technologies and food catering, mostly for the UN’s 12 peacekeeping missions.

An equally valid question is: how will the UN pay for these purchases and services when Russians have been barred from most of the international banking system.

Last week, the U.S., Canada and Europe tightened financial restrictions on Russia with a new ban that blocks seven Russian banks from using SWIFT, the global messaging system that enables bank transactions.

According to the latest available figures, the UN’s purchases from Russia amounted to about $132.3 million in 2020, with Moscow listed as the 5th largest supplier behind UAE, USA, Kenya and Switzerland.

The UN Procurement Division also reminds the UN supplier community, that as a UN registered supplier “You have accepted the United Nations Supplier Code of Conduct, which reflects the core values outlined in the Charter of the United Nations” But a blatant violation of that same charter is apparently not a reason for expulsion.

Mirrored United States Oil Fund Trading 16.2% Higher This Week

Mirrored United States Oil Fund traded up 1.6% against the US dollar during the 1 day period ending at 8:00 AM ET on March 3rd. Mirrored United States Oil Fund has a total market cap of $6.60 million and $553,418.

00 worth of Mirrored United States Oil Fund was traded on exchanges in the last 24 hours.

During the last week, Mirrored United States Oil Fund has traded 16.2% higher against the US dollar.

One Mirrored United States Oil Fund coin can now be purchased for approximately $76.98 or 0.00176301 BTC on cryptocurrency exchanges.

Get Mirrored United States Oil Fund alerts: Tether traded down 0% against the dollar and now trades at $1.00 or 0.00002291 BTC. XRP traded up 0.6% against the dollar and now trades at $0.77 or 0.00001760 BTC. Polkadot traded 0.8% lower against the dollar and now trades at $18.48 or 0.00042322 BTC. Shiba Inu traded 0.4% lower against the dollar and now trades at $0.0000 or 0.00000000 BTC. Lido stETH traded 0.9% lower against the dollar and now trades at $2,914.

77 or 0.99798804 BTC. Internet Computer traded 7.3% higher against the dollar and now trades at $20.39 or 0.00046707 BTC. Filecoin traded down 3.2% against the dollar and now trades at $20.45 or 0.00046829 BTC. Klaytn traded down 0.1% against the dollar and now trades at $1.19 or 0.00002725 BTC. Mirrored United States Oil Fund Profile.

Investors seeking to trade Mirrored United States Oil Fund should first buy Ethereum or Bitcoin using an exchange that deals in US dollars such as GDAX, Coinbase or Changelly.

United States Influenza Vaccines Market

The United States Influenza Vaccines market size is expected to reach USD 7,007 million by 2030.

This new market report offerings an wide-ranging study of the entire United States influenza vaccines market.

The report offers the most up-to-date industry data on the actual market situation and future outlook for the United States influenza vaccines market.

The report also provides up-to-date market size data for the period 2015 – 2020 and an illustrative forecast to 2030 covering key market aspects like market value and volume for influenza vaccines.

What are the major drivers of the United States influenza vaccines market?

What are the major inhibitors of the United States influenza vaccines market?

What are the major deals and agreement happenings in the United States influenza vaccines market?

Medexus Pharmaceuticals Announces Deal For Gleolan In The United States

Medexus has acquired exclusive rights to commercialize Gleolan in the United States,complementing Medexus’s existing rights to Gleolan in Canada.

Gleolan is an optical imaging agent currently indicated in the United States in patients with glioma as an adjunct for the visualization of malignant tissue or tumor tissue during surgery.

TORONTO and CHICAGO, March 01, 2022 – Medexus Pharmaceuticals is pleased to announce that its U.S. subsidiary, Medexus Pharma, has acquired the exclusive right to commercialize Gleolan in the United States from NX Development Corp., the U.S. subsidiary of photonamic GmbH & Co. This transaction extends Medexus’s strong relationship with Photonamic and complements Medexus’s existing commercialization rights to Gleolan in Canada, where Medexus recently launched the product.

Based on Medexus’s evaluation of Gleolan’s effectiveness, Medexus is confident in Gleolan’s prospects in both Canada and the United States, and expects strong sales and institutional uptake in both markets.

Under the terms of Medexus’s new license, supply, and distribution agreement, Medexus will commercialize Gleolan in the United States and will pay NXDC annual royalty payments and periodic low- to mid-single-digit-million dollar milestone payments.

NXDC will supply Gleolan to Medexus and will remain the sponsor of the new drug application for Gleolan on file with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

“We are thrilled to license Gleolan in the United States and continue to drive our business forward,” said Ken d’Entremont, Medexus’s chief executive officer.

Purdue Pharma, Sackler Family Agrees To New Settlement With States To Resolve Opioid Lawsuits

March 3 – The Sackler family and their company Purdue Pharma agreed to a new settlement on Thursday to resolve lawsuits in almost every state over their connection to the opioid crisis.

The family agreed to a new bankruptcy plan with states that had been holding out on an earlier agreement.

The new bankruptcy settlement will free billions of dollars for opioid addiction treatment nationwide.

Outpatient Surgery: Definition & Types

A typical outpatient surgery might be a simple mole removal, a hernia repair, or a knee replacement.

There are four main types of anesthesia used in outpatient surgery.

Just like for inpatient surgery in a hospital, there are instructions to follow to prepare for your outpatient surgery.

Although outpatient surgeries may not be for medical emergencies and are often less complex than surgeries requiring an overnight hospital stay, it’s still important to do your homework to make sure you’re getting the best care.

Is the surgery center licensed and well-equipped to handle your procedure? Although rare, emergencies can occur during surgery.

Unlike hospitals, an office-based or same-day surgery site may not have an emergency facility nearby, so it’s important to ask if the surgery center has emergency medications, equipment, and procedures in place to safely care for you if there is an emergency.

The outpatient surgery center should be licensed and accredited.

Johns Hopkins Medicine

The most appropriate procedures for outpatient surgery.

There are many advantages of outpatient surgery over traditional, inpatient surgery.

In the majority of cases, outpatient surgery is less stressful than inpatient surgery.

In a hospital setting, emergency surgeries and procedures that take longer than expected can delay scheduled surgeries.

Age, alone, is not a reason to disqualify an elderly patient from having outpatient surgery.

The scheduled time of discharge depends on the type of surgery, the anesthesia used, insurance coverage, and the policy of the surgery center.

In general, most patients go home between 1 and 4 hours after outpatient surgery.

What Is Outpatient Surgery? Exploring 9 Common Procedures

Outpatient surgical procedures, sometimes also called ambulatory surgeries, are any procedures that do not require an overnight hospital stay following the operation.

Outpatient procedures are often conducted in a doctor’s office or an ambulatory surgery center, but can also be performed in an outpatient unit within a hospital.

The mutually beneficial nature of outpatient surgeries for both patients and hospitals have made outpatient procedures increasingly popular.

The number of outpatient surgical procedures are expected to increase as medical technology continues to make surgical procedures less invasive, more efficient and requiring less post-operative care.

So what kind of procedures are being done in an outpatient setting? In this article we’ll take a closer look at some of the most common examples of outpatient surgery.

Despite being a fairly complex procedure, outpatient hip and knee arthroplasties are becoming more common.

For most patients, the procedure can be done on an outpatient basis.

Outpatient Surgery Magazine

What you need to know about preparing patients for successful outcomes.

Automated cleaning systems are providing extra assurance to bolster infection prevention efforts.

Here’s what it takes to plan, construct and outfit a new surgical facility.

Sound planning helps overcome equipment, design and staffing challenges.

Surgical facilities are rethinking how they do business as national firms acquire independent anesthesia providers.

BREAKROOM Sharona Ross, MD, FACS. Find out why this master of minimally invasive laparoscopy and robotic complex abdominal surgery likes to operate in AdventHealth’s new six-story architectural marvel.

Proper training, standardized practices, and regular audits provide additional peace of mind.

Definition Of Outpatient Surgery By Medical Dictionary

Ambulatory surgery any operative procedure not requiring an overnight stay in the hospital; it must be carefully planned to ensure that all necessary diagnostic tests are completed prior to admission.

Bench surgery surgery performed on an organ that has been removed from the body, after which it is reimplanted.

Minimal access surgery a surgical procedure done in a manner that causes little or no trauma or injury to the patient, such as through a cannula using lasers, endoscopes, or laparoscopes; compared with other procedures, those in this category involve less bleeding, smaller amounts of anesthesia, less pain, and minimal scarring.

Open heart surgery surgery that involves incision into one or more chambers of the heart, such as for repair or palliation of congenital heart defects, repair or replacement of defective heart valves, or coronary artery bypass.

Stereotaxic surgery the production of sharply localized lesions in the brain after precise localization of the target tissue by use of three-dimensional coordinates.

Surgery performed on a person who is admitted to and discharged from a hospital on the same day.

Ambulatory surgery Outpatient surgery Medical practice Surgery performed on an outpatient basis in otherwise healthy and clinically stable persons in a facility which may be either free-standing or a suite inside the hospital Pros Cost; return to daily routine is faster; procedure is less invasive, less debilitating Cons Cost-control pressures, less invasive and more convenient care may utilization and costs; family costs and stress.

What Is Outpatient Surgery?

A surgical procedure is called an Outpatient surgery when the patient can leave after the surgery on the same day.

Due to improved pain control, advanced medical techniques, including those that reduce the time needed for recovery, more and more surgical procedures are being done as outpatient surgery.

Outpatient surgery excludes hospital admission, reduces the number of drugs prescribed, and uses both the doctor’s and patient’s time more efficiently.

On the other hand, inpatient surgery is when the patient is required to spend at least one night in the hospital for the surgery.

There are many factors which surgeons and anesthesiologists need to consider in order to determine whether the patient can qualify for same-day surgery or if the surgery will require the patient to stay in the hospital.

Just like inpatient surgery, there are instructions to follow for outpatient surgery.

Your surgeon and team will guide you for the preparation of outpatient surgery.

What Are The Types Of Outpatient Surgery? Side Effects, Risks, Instructions

Outpatient surgery is also referred to as ambulatory surgery or same-day surgery.

More than half of elective surgery procedures in the United States are currently performed as outpatient surgeries.

Four types of anesthesia used in outpatient surgery.

Surgeons use general anesthesia it when they perform surgery on internal organs and for other invasive or time-consuming procedures such as back surgery.

There are risks for any surgery or other medical procedure, some risks exist.

Most outpatient centers ask that the individual undergoing surgery arrives 1-2 hours before surgery to allow time for the following: checking in, placing the IV, and administering antibiotics or other medications.

Some risks are related to the surgery, and other risks are related to the anesthesia.

What Is Ambulatory Care? Learning More About The Future Of Healthcare

What is ambulatory care? We broke it down so you can understand what it is and why it is the future of healthcare.

Ambulatory care can be a misleading term, as it actually encompasses a wide range of care and services.

Ambulatory care, while outside of a hospital, employs almost all of the same healthcare professionals as inpatient care.

While no further training or education is needed to work in an ambulatory care setting, nurses can specialize to become an ambulatory care nurse.

Nurses who work in ambulatory care often have more predictable schedules than nurses who work in hospitals.

The increase in ambulatory care services and providers is a good thing for you as a patient and a future healthcare professional.

Now that you know more about what ambulatory care is and how it is shaping the future of healthcare, compare and contrast two of the most in-demand healthcare settings with our article, Acute Care vs. Ambulatory Care: Which Nursing Environment is Right for You? With so many nursing specialties and settings available, it’s worthwhile to look into all of your options, so you can excel in this exciting and changing field.

Standards Of Care

Ambulatory care refers to any kind of care that is provided on an outpatient basis.

If a patient needs more observation, monitoring, or care after a procedure, inpatient care may be needed.

Care received at an urgent care clinic, or other type of clinic is also considered outpatient care.

Urgent care clinics, family planning clinics, mental health care facilities, and therapy offices, are also settings where patients may receive ambulatory care.

Good quality ambulatory care should not end once the care is given.

Ambulatory care is an important part of health care because it provides patients with a type of care that is efficient, timely, and effective if provided by diligent health care professionals.

If you do receive ambulatory care, know what care you are entitled to and act if you think you have not received the best care.

American Academy Of Ambulatory Care Nursing

Modern professional ambulatory care nursing is a unique domain of specialty nursing practice that focuses on health care for individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations.

The definition of ambulatory care nursing can be found in the Core Curriculum for Ambulatory Care Nursing.

In the professional domain of nursing, RNs are responsible for patient advocacy, application of evidence-based nursing knowledge, use of the nursing process during encounters, coordination of nursing and other health services, provision of health educational services, and continuity of care for patients as they transition across different types and levels of health care continuum services.

Telehealth nursing is an integral component of professional ambulatory care nursing that utilizes a variety of telecommunications technologies during encounters to assess, triage, provide nursing consultation, perform follow up and care coordination.

During each encounter, the ambulatory care RN focuses on patient safety and quality of nursing care by applying appropriate nursing interventions, such as identifying and clarifying patient needs, performing procedures, conducting health education, promoting patient advocacy, coordinating nursing and other health services, assisting patient to navigate health care system, and evaluating patient outcomes.

Ambulatory care RNs facilitate continuity of care using the nursing process, interprofessional collaboration, and coordination of and access to appropriate health care services and community resources across the care continuum.

Ambulatory care RNs functioning in care coordination and transition management roles and settings adhere to the AAACN Scope and Standards of Practice for Registered Nurses in Care Coordination and Transition Management.

Ambulatory Patient Services

Any health care you can get without staying in a hospital is ambulatory care.

That includes diagnostic tests, treatments, or rehab visits.

You may get outpatient care in a:. Doctor’s office.

Ambulatory care is one of the essential health benefits.

Those are the benefits required by all health plans you buy on your own or through a Marketplace or get through a small employer.

Ambulatory Care Nursing Certification

Credential Awarded: AMB-BC™. The ANCC Ambulatory Care Nursing board certification examination is a competency based examination that provides a valid and reliable assessment of the entry-level clinical knowledge and skills of registered nurses in the ambulatory care specialty after initial RN licensure.

Once you complete eligibility requirements to take the certification examination and successfully pass the exam, you are awarded the credential: Ambulatory Care Nurse – Board Certified.

You can continue to use this credential by maintaining your license to practice and meeting the renewal requirements in place at the time of your certification renewal.

ANCC Retired Certified Nurse Recognition celebrates achievements for life!

Ambulatory Care

Ambulatory care or outpatient care is medical care provided on an outpatient basis, including diagnosis, observation, consultation, treatment, intervention, and rehabilitation services.

Ambulatory care sensitive conditions are health conditions where appropriate ambulatory care prevents or reduces the need for hospital admission, such as diabetes or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Ambulatory care services represent the most significant contributor to increasing hospital expenditures and to the performance of the health care system in most countries, including most developing countries.

Health care organizations use different ways to define the nature of care provided as “Ambulatory” versus inpatient or other types of care.

Clinics: Including ambulatory care clinics, polyclinics, ambulatory surgery centers, and urgent care centers.

In the United States, the Urgent Care Association of America estimates that over 15,000 urgent care centers deliver urgent care services.

Ambulatory care sensitive conditions are illnesses or health conditions where appropriate ambulatory care prevents or reduces the need for hospital admission.

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.

Ophthalmologists typically provide specialty eye care – medical and surgical, and they may participate in academic research on eye disorders.

Ophthalmology includes subspecialities that deal either with certain diseases or diseases of certain parts of the eye.

The Greek roots of the word ophthalmology are and -λoγία, i.e., “The study of eyes”.

Clinical developments at Moorfields and the founding of the Institute of Ophthalmology by Sir Stewart Duke-Elder established the site as the largest eye hospital in the world and a nexus for ophthalmic research.

Carl Ferdinand von Arlt, the elder, proved that myopia is largely due to an excessive axial length, published influential textbooks on eye disease, and ran annual eye clinics in needy areas long before the concept of volunteer eye camps became popular; his name is still attached to some disease signs, e.g., von Arlt’s line in trachoma and his son, Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt, the younger, was also an ophthalmologist.

Edit] Vladimir Petrovich Filatov contributed the tube flap grafting method, corneal transplantation, and preservation of grafts from cadaver eyes and tissue therapy; he founded the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy, Odessa, one of the leading eye-care institutes in the world.

What Is Ophthalmology? Medical Conditions, Procedures, And More

Ophthalmology is the study of medical conditions relating to the eye.

A general practice doctor may refer someone to an ophthalmologist if they show symptoms of cataracts, eye infections, optic nerve problems, or other eye conditions.

Subspecialist ophthalmologists have usually completed training that allows them to work on eye conditions that are complex, involve a specific part of the eye, or affect certain groups of people.

Aside from caring for the eyes and vision, an ophthalmologist’s medical training may also equip them to notice symptoms of conditions that do not directly relate to the eye.

Some of the most common everyday procedures that an ophthalmologist will perform include diagnosing and monitoring mild eye and vision conditions.

The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommend that people have a full medical eye exam by the age of 40 years so that an ophthalmologist can create a baseline profile of their eye health.

Ophthalmologists are medical doctors who have undergone specialist training to diagnose and treat conditions involving the eyes and vision.

Mayo Clinic Department Of Ophthalmology

Mayo Clinic’s Department of Ophthalmology has internationally renowned eye physicians and surgeons who provide comprehensive care for people who seek answers about conditions and diseases of their eyes.

Each year, doctors in the Mayo Clinic Department of Ophthalmology across all our sites provide more than 250,000 outpatient visits for eye care.

University Of Utah Health

Check with your insurance provider before scheduling a routine exam.

Many insurance plans will cover your visit if there is a medical eye problem but won’t pay for the exam if you are getting a routine eye exam.

If you have a medical problem, the visit is considered a medical problem and can be billed to the medical plan.

If you only need eyeglasses or contacts due to astigmatism or myopia and are not being seen for a medical reason, the visit is considered routine and will only be billed to your insurance if your medical plan includes a vision benefit.

Office visits to an eye care professional are usually categorized as either “Routine” or “Medical.” These terms have nothing to do with the steps it takes to perform a comprehensive eye exam or the type of doctor who performs the exam.

A comprehensive routine vision exam often contains the same elements as a comprehensive medical eye exam.

Eye Doctors: Optometrist Vs Ophthalmologist Vs Optician

Keep in mind that these professionals can work together and that a team approach can be the best option for eye care.

Medical eye care – for conditions like glaucoma, iritis, and chemical burns.

Surgical eye care – for trauma, crossed eyes, cataracts, glaucoma, and other problems.

Optometrists take care of primary health care for the eye.

Opticians aren’t eye doctors and can’t give eye exams.

For primary eye care, you may wish to start with an Optometrist.

If you think you need eye surgery for cataracts, glaucoma or another eye disease, an ophthalmologist with the appropriate specialty would be a good place to start.

Leading Ophthalmologist Vancouver

Heather O’Donnell and Dr. Stephanie Wise provide a full service comprehensive medical and surgical ophthalmic practice in downtown Vancouver.

Our entire team is focused on providing patients with exceptional evidence based care that encompasses the latest technologies for diagnosis and treatment.

It is of utmost importance to provide you with clear education and follow-up in a caring and professional manner.

Excision and conjunctival autograft, upper eyelid blepharoplasty and eyelid lesion biopsy and excision.

REFERRAL.To see Dr. O’Donnell or Dr. Wise patients require a referral from a family physician, specialist or optometrist.

O’Donnell and Dr. Wise provide comprehensive care to patients who are not covered under MSP, this includes surgery.

Dr. O’Donnell and Dr. Wise remove lesions around the face and eye areas for cosmetic purposes.

Mayo Clinic

An eye exam involves a series of tests to evaluate your vision and check for eye diseases.

Regular eye exams give your eye care professional a chance to help you correct or adapt to vision changes and provide you with tips on caring for your eyes.

Your child’s pediatrician will likely check your child’s eyes for healthy eye development and look for the most common childhood eye problems – lazy eye, cross-eyes or misaligned eyes.

These medical doctors provide full eye care, such as performing complete eye exams, prescribing corrective lenses, diagnosing and treating complex eye diseases, and performing eye surgery.

These doctors provide many of the same services as ophthalmologists, such as performing complete eye exams, evaluating your vision, prescribing corrective lenses, diagnosing common eye disorders and treating selected eye diseases with drugs.

After the dilating drops take effect, your eye doctor might use several lights or imaging to evaluate the front of the eye and the inside of each eye.

Your eye doctor examines the inside of the eye with the aid of a condensing lens and a bright light mounted on his or her forehead. This exam lets your doctor see the retina and other structures inside your eye in great detail and in three dimensions.

Examination Of The Eyes And Vision

Assess the patient’s near vision using a near vision chart.

Ask the patient to focus on part of your face and not move their head or eyes during the assessment.

Ask the patient to focus on a target approximately half a metre away whilst you shine a pen torch towards both eyes.

Hold your finger approximately 30cm in front of the patient’s eyes and ask them to focus on it.

Ask the patient to keep their head still whilst following your finger with their eyes.

Dilate the patient’s pupils using short-acting mydriatic eye drops such as tropicamide 1%. You will be unable to monitor pupil reactions once dilating drops have been applied, furthermore assessing vision, colour vision, double vision and visual fields will be less accurate once drops are instilled.

If mydriatic drops were instilled, remind the patient they cannot drive for the next 3-4 hours until their vision has returned to normal.

Comprehensive Eye Exams

A comprehensive adult eye and vision examination may include but is not limited to, the following tests.

Eye focusing, eye teaming, and eye movement testing.

Just like you need a complete physical to evaluate your total health, only a comprehensive eye and vision examination can evaluate your overall eye health and vision status.

How is a comprehensive eye examination different from a vision screening?

Only a doctor of optometry or ophthalmologist can conduct a comprehensive eye and vision examination.

Evaluation of eye focusing, eye teaming and eye movement abilities.

Comprehensive eye examinations are the only effective way to confirm or rule out any eye disease or vision problem.

Types Of Eye Tests And Examinations For Eye Health & Vision

Here’s a brief guide to the special tests your eye doctor may perform during an eye exam.

It travels quickly to blood vessels inside your eye.

The doctor uses special drops to expand your eye’s pupil.

The doctor uses this microscope to shine a beam of light shaped like a small slit on your eye.

It can help diagnose cataracts, glaucoma, detached retina, macular degeneration, cornea injuries, and dry eye disease.

The doctor will use a tool called a tonometer that blows a tiny puff of air, measuring eye pressure indirectly by the eye’s resistance to the puff.

It helps your doctor diagnose and treat tumors, cataracts, or bleeding in your eye.

America’S Best Contacts & Eyeglasses

Yes! We offer a free eye exam to all patients who purchase two pairs of eyeglasses.

In addition to your time with the optometrist, your eye exam includes several pre-tests including a Visual Acuity Test, auto refraction which provides a base prescription, and a glaucoma screening.

If you have certain health conditions, your doctor or optometrist may recommend eye exams on a more regular basis.

If you are currently experiencing vision changes, blurry vision, recurring headaches, eye pain or strain, or seeing spots, it’s definitely time to schedule an eye exam.

Yes, you will receive a copy of your prescription at the end of your eye exam.

Optometrists perform the same tests during a contact lens exam as they would a glasses exam.

A contact lens exam also includes a contact lens fitting and evaluation as well as a follow-up exam after you have worn your new trial contacts for a specified period of time.

Eye Examination

Health care professionals often recommend that all people should have periodic and thorough eye examinations as part of routine primary care, especially since many eye diseases are asymptomatic.

Eye examinations may detect potentially treatable blinding eye diseases, ocular manifestations of systemic disease, or signs of tumours or other anomalies of the brain.

Cycloplegic eye drops are applied to the eye to temporarily paralyze the ciliary muscle of the eye.

As the light is being moved from one eye to another, both eyes begin to dilate, but constrict again when light has reached the other eye.

To perform the test, the individual occludes one eye while fixated on the examiner’s eye with the non-occluded eye.

The binocular slit-lamp examination provides stereoscopic magnified view of the eye structures in striking detail, enabling exact anatomical diagnoses to be made for a variety of eye conditions.

Examination of retina is an important part of the general eye examination.

Hydraulics

Hydraulics is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences involving the mechanical properties and use of liquids.

At a very basic level, hydraulics is the liquid counterpart of pneumatics, which concerns gases.

In its fluid power applications, hydraulics is used for the generation, control, and transmission of power by the use of pressurized liquids.

The principles of hydraulics are in use naturally in the human body within the vascular system and erectile tissue.

Free surface hydraulics is the branch of hydraulics dealing with free surface flow, such as occurring in rivers, canals, lakes, estuaries and seas.

In ancient Sri Lanka, hydraulics were widely used in the ancient kingdoms of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa.

His discovery on the theory behind hydraulics led to his invention of the hydraulic press, which multiplied a smaller force acting on a smaller area into the application of a larger force totaled over a larger area, transmitted through the same pressure at both locations.

Science Of Hydraulics

The science behind hydraulics is called Pascal’s principle.

Another way to understand hydraulics is by thinking about energy.

Elevators keep their workings well hidden, so it’s not always apparent whether they’re working in the traditional way or using hydraulics instead. Smaller elevators often use simple hydraulic rams mounted directly underneath or alongside the lift shaft.

Motors are another example where hydraulics can be hidden from view.

Exploring a robot that uses a combination of hydraulics and pneumatics.

Hydraulics could enable fullscreen Braille display by Priya Ganapati.

Why is hydraulics still such a popular way of powering machines when electric power is, on the face of it, simpler and easier to implement?

Fluid Mechanics

Hydraulics, branch of science concerned with the practical applications of fluids, primarily liquids, in motion.

The scope of hydraulics extends to such mechanical devices as fans and gas turbines and to pneumatic control systems.

Bernoulli’s law, formulated about a century later, states that energy in a fluid is due to elevation, motion, and pressure, and if there are no losses due to friction and no work done, the sum of the energies remains constant.

In 1882 the city of London built a hydraulic system that delivered pressurized water through street mains to drive machinery in factories.

In 1906 an important advance in hydraulic techniques was made when an oil hydraulic system was installed to raise and control the guns of the USS “Virginia.” In the 1920s, self-contained hydraulic units consisting of a pump, controls, and motor were developed, opening the way to applications in machine tools, automobiles, farm and earth-moving machinery, locomotives, ships, airplanes, and spacecraft.

In the operation and control of machine tools, farm machinery, construction machinery, and mining machinery, fluid power can compete successfully with mechanical and electrical systems.

Modern aircraft, for example, use hydraulic systems to activate their controls and to operate landing gears and brakes.

Northern Tool

Northern Tool is a leading carrier of hydraulic cylinders, pumps, hydraulic valves, hoses, couplings, motors, and more.

Our top brands, including Prince, Apache and Lion Hydraulics, ensure that we’re bringing you only the best in hydraulic components.

Complete Guide To Hydraulic Systems: Understanding Hydraulics

You can find hydraulics powering a variety of components through cylinders, pumps, presses, lifts and motors.

Pump: The hydraulic oil pump sends a flow of oil through the valve and to the hydraulic cylinder.

Open and closed systems of hydraulics refer to different ways of reducing pressure to the pump.

Open systems can also use multiple pumps to supply power to different systems, such as steering or control.

A closed system connects the return valve directly to the hydraulic pump inlet.

A closed system is often used in mobile applications with hydrostatic transmissions and uses one pump to power multiple systems.

Almost all hydraulic pumps are positive displacement pumps, meaning they deliver a precise amount of fluid.

The Beginner’s Guide to Hydraulics: What Are Hydraulics? And How Do they Work? An introduction to the science of hydraulics and hydraulic systems which explores the diversity of applications in which hydraulic systems can be found and how those systems work.

Hydraulicsonline.com Hydraulics Online e-book series: Sharing our knowledge of all things hydraulic About Hydraulics Online Hydraulics Online is a leading, award-winning, ISO 9001 accredited provider of customer-centric fluid power solutions to 130 countries and 24 sectors worldwide.

‘the lift is driven by hydraulics’ Pronunciation: hydraulics /hʌɪˈdrɔːlɪks//hʌɪˈdrɒlɪks/ As such, hydraulics can refer to a branch of science as well as a type of mechanical system.

Hydraulicsonline.com P.5 The components of a hydraulic system Since hydraulics is concerned with fluid mechanics, the most obvious component of any hydraulic system is the fluid.

In an industrial system, the hydraulic pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by moving, or transmitting, the hydraulic fluid.

Hydraulics Online has been involved with projects as diverse as underwater cable laying to rocket launches! Products and systems that we have sold can be found in construction equipment, emergency vehicles, mobility solutions, university projects and even fairground rides! Some of our projects have been to restore and protect the groundbreaking hydraulic projects of the past – such as our work with Heritage Concorde to restore the hydraulic systems which power this spectacular aircraft’s iconic droop nose.

You can find hydraulics in so many everyday objects; everything from the pumping of blood around our own bodies, the hydraulic jacks we use to change a tyre and even in the transportation systems of the future! To find out more about the wonderful world of hydraulics, explore the other titles in this series: Hydraulics Heroes Pascal’s Law Hydraulics Online e-book: Hydraulics Heroes www.

A Hydraulic System

If you apply a downward force to one piston, then the force is transmitted to the second piston through the oil in the pipe.

The great thing about hydraulic systems is that the pipe connecting the two cylinders can be any length and shape, allowing it to snake through all sorts of things separating the two pistons.

In a hydraulic system, all you do is change the size of one piston and cylinder relative to the other.

Lets say the piston on the right has a surface area nine times greater than the piston on the left.

The area of the left piston is therefore 3.14, while the area of the piston on the right is 28.26.

The only catch is that you will have to depress the left piston 9 inches to raise the right piston 1 inch.

In most other hydraulic systems, hydraulic cylinders and pistons are connected through valves to a pump supplying high-pressure oil.

Hydraulic Cylinders From Bailey Hydraulics. Featuring Industry-Leading Chief And Maxim

Bailey designs, manufactures and sources the highest quality hydraulic cylinders available.

Whether your application is manufacturing, automotive, construction, agriculture, forestry, or OEM, we can provide the perfect hydraulic cylinder for your purpose.

Replacement Hydraulic Cylinders

Our team of hydraulic experts and engineers is ready to design a custom hydraulic cylinder that meets your application requirements and exceeds your expectations.

Discuss your replacement hydraulic cylinder application needs with us or design your custom hydraulic cylinder today.

Our replacement hydraulic cylinders focus on customer-specific hydraulic application needs, helping you improve performance and demolish downtime.

Working with a full-line supplier of replacement hydraulic cylinders and component parts offers several advantages.

Our hydraulic cylinders and precision machined components are manufactured and assembled in the USA. We can get you up and running without fail, allowing you a carefree custom hydraulic experience.

If you’ve worked with Hydraulics for any length of time, you’re probably familiar with… More Telescopic cylinders are preferred for dump trucks because they offer a long stroke from… More Hydraulic hoses are vital to any cylinder application, whether construction, agriculture, oil and gas,… More When hydraulic cylinders don’t retract, all operations come to a halt.

After configuring your custom cylinder, one of our hydraulic cylinder experts will contact you to discuss your hydraulic cylinder design.

The Ultimate Guide To Hydraulic Cylinders

Some hydraulic cylinder designs have a screwed or flanged connection from the cylinder end cap to the barrel.

For larger hydraulic cylinder sizes, the disconnection of a screw with a diameter of 300 to 600 mm is a huge problem as well as the alignment during mounting.

Piston seals vary in design and material according to the pressure and temperature requirements that the hydraulic cylinder will see in service.

The piston rod is typically a hard, chrome-plated piece of cold-rolled steel which attaches to the piston and extends from the cylinder through the rod-end head. In double rod-end hydraulic cylinders, the actuator has a rod extending from both sides of the piston and out both ends of the barrel.

The hydraulic cylinder head is fitted with seals to prevent the pressurised hydraulic oil from leaking past the interface between the rod and the head. This area is called the rod gland.

In some cases, especially in small hydraulic cylinders, the rod gland and the rod bearing are made from a single integral machined part.

A hydraulic cylinder should be used for pushing and pulling only.

Buy Hydraulic Cylinders Online

We offer a massive range of hydraulic cylinders available online! Whatever you need, our standard hydraulic rams are available for next day delivery.

If an off-the-shelf option won’t suit your needs, we’re also able to supply our own range of bespoke hydraulic cylinders.

We’re also able to supply a range of telescopic cylinders, and spare parts for hydraulic rams such as seal kits, glands, end plugs and various cylinder mounting options.

Hydraulic Megastore also provides a comprehensive hydraulic ram repair service should you require it.

D & D AIR & HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS INC.

WELCOME TO. D & D AIR & HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS INC. D & D Air & Hydraulic Components Inc. is a nationwide distributor in automation technology, serving the entire spectrum of the Canadian manufacturing sector with Pneumatic, Hydraulic and Vibration Components Silent Air Compressors.

D & D has been providing its industrial clientele with the latest advanced equipment components for their distinctive manufacturing applications since 1967.

Canadian manufacturers, engineers, and maintenance personnel have been trusting D & D Air & Hydraulic Components Inc. to provide them with up-to-date assorted selection of high quality products for well over 40 years.

D & D partners with only the best manufacturers to supply us with high quality hydraulic products and accessories.

Hydraulic Cylinder

The hydraulic cylinder consists of a cylinder barrel, in which a piston connected to a piston rod moves back and forth.

The barrel is closed on one end by the cylinder bottom and the other end by the cylinder head where the piston rod comes out of the cylinder.

The “Generator” side of the hydraulic system is the hydraulic pump which delivers a fixed or regulated flow of oil to the hydraulic cylinder, to move the piston.

The piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder operates both inside and outside the barrel, and consequently both in and out of the hydraulic fluid and surrounding atmosphere.

A hydraulic cylinder without a piston or with a piston without seals is called a plunger cylinder.

If the cylinder however has to push, the oil from the piston rod side of the cylinder is not returned to the reservoir but goes to the bottom side of the cylinder.

In such a way, the cylinder goes much faster, but the maximum force the cylinder can give is like a plunger cylinder.

Variable Valve Timing

After multi-valve technology became standard in engine design, Variable Valve Timing becomes the next step to enhance engine output, no matter power or torque.

Without Variable Valve Timing technology, engineers used to choose the best compromise timing.

Lack of variable lift and variable valve opening duration, thus less top end power than cam-changing VVT. Who use it ?.

Like VVT-i., the variable valve timing is implemented by shifting the phase angle of the whole camshaft forward or reverse by means of a hydraulic actuator attached to the end of the camshaft.

Compare with Honda VTEC and similar designs for Mitsubishi and Nissan, Toyotas system has continuously variable valve timing which helps it to achieve far better low to medium speed flexibility.

It used timing chain to vary the phase angle of camshaft, thus provided 3-stage variable valve timing.

One well-known Porsche expert described the variable valve timing as continuous, but it seems conflicting with the official statement made earlier, which revealed the system has 2-stage valve timing.

Variable Valve Timing

In internal combustion engines, variable valve timing is the process of altering the timing of a valve lift event, and is often used to improve performance, fuel economy or emissions.

Without variable valve timing or variable valve lift, the valve timing is the same for all engine speeds and conditions, therefore compromises are necessary.

More advanced “Continuous variable valve timing” systems offer continuous adjustment of the valve timing.

Late intake valve closing The first variation of continuous variable valve timing involves holding the intake valve open slightly longer than a traditional engine.

Some versions of the Bristol Jupiter radial engine of the early 1920s incorporated variable valve timing gear, mainly to vary the inlet valve timing in connection with higher compression ratios.

Engine designs which do not rely on a camshaft to operate the valves have greater flexibility in achieving variable valve timing and variable valve lift.

There is a solenoid valve controlled by the engine control system which gets energized and supplies oil through a non-return valve during the time of cam lift and the oil gets filled in the chamber and the return channel to the sump is blocked by the valve tappet.

VVT: What Is Variable Valve Timing And How It Really Works?

To overcome this deficiency, the engineers developed VVT or ‘Variable Valve Timing’ mechanism.

The VVT varies the timing of opening and closing of valves for multiple engine speeds.

The Variable Valve Timing system further optimizes the timing of opening and closing the valves for multiple engine speeds.

The newer generation VVT design implements ‘Continuous Variable Valve Timing’ or CVVT system.

The CVVT varies the valve timing continuously which is digitally controlled by the engine ECU. Additionally, it optimizes the valve timing for all engine speeds and conditions.

It is operated by engine oil pressure and a solenoid-operated oil control valve which is controlled by the engine’s ECU. Furthermore, it moves the camshaft ahead and advances the timing of the opening of the Inlet valves.

The term VVTL stands for ‘Variable Valve Timing and Lift’ which is an advanced supporting system to alter the ‘lift’ of the valves.

Variable Valve Timing

Every four-stroke engine generally needs both timings to be correct: Valve timing and ignition timing.

On one hand, valve timing refers to the precise times the inlet valves take in the air-fuel mixture and when the exhaust valve lets it out.

Variable Valve Timing mechanisms are built to reduce emissions, improve engine performance, and fuel mileage.

The variable valve timing solenoid is the component of the VVT system that manages the oil flow in relation to the engine speed and load. A properly functioning VVT solenoid will improve engine performance and fuel efficiency.

What are the symptoms of a bad variable valve timing solenoid?

The whole point of the variable valve timing system is to ensure maximum engine performance while reducing fuel consumption.

The valve timing and whole variable valve timing system including the solenoid are important to the effective functioning of all modern vehicles.

4 Advantages Of Variable Valve Timing And How It Works

Keep reading to see how variable valve timing works and what its main advantages are.

Variable valve timing manages the opening and closing of the air intake valve and the exhaust valve.

The variable valve timing system inside the engine of a Honda uses a camshaft to lower its RPM. The computer monitor in the engine calculates all of the conditions of the vehicle in order to make this happen.

On top of that, you will enjoy many advantages as the driver of a vehicle utilizing VVT. To sum up what those advantages are, below are the top four pros of a variable valve timing engine.

1) Higher RPM. The main advantage of having a variable valve timing technology is the increase it will provide in your engine’s revolutions per minute.

Engine efficiency has a lot to do with the timing of the exhaust valve and intake valve.

If these valves can be managed and timed properly from the variable valve timing technology, then the engine will be able to produce the same power without needing so much fuel.

Symptoms Of A Bad Or Failing Variable Valve Timing Solenoid

One of the biggest breakthroughs was the development of variable valve timing, a new system that utilized advanced electronic technology to apply variable electronic signals from the ignition system by way of a variable valve timing solenoid.

Each automotive manufacturer has their own unique VVT system, but most of them rely on a fully functional variable valve timing solenoid to control the flow of oil to the VVT system as it is engaged.

When the VVT solenoid activates, oil is sent to lubricate the variable valve timing chain and gear assembly.

The most common light to illuminate when a VVT solenoid is failing is the Check Engine Light.

The purpose of variable valve timing is to ensure that the valves open and close at the right time to maximize engine performance and reduce fuel consumption.

If you recognize any of the above warning signs of a bad or failing variable valve timing solenoid, contact a local ASE certified mechanic from YourMechanic.

They can inspect your vehicle, replace the variable valve timing solenoid if needed, and keep your car or truck running strong.

In case of an impending variable valve timing solenoid failure, it is due to war you with check engine light.

The VVT solenoid system performs the best with clean engine oil.

If you see dirty engine oil, chances are that the VVT solenoid system is going out of order.

How to Replace Variable Valve Timing Solenoid Once you have diagnosed a problem in the variable valve timing solenoid, it is best that you either get it replace or do it yourself.

Variable Valve Timing Solenoid Replacement Process You can replace it in 10 careful steps.

Locating the VVT Solenoid It is located near the front of the valve cover, i.e. in the front of the engine itself.

Now, insert the fresh variable valve timing solenoid into the mounting surface hole.

ScienceDirect Topics

Concomitantly, the pressure of the international cocoa markets and the variations of the cocoa product quality, are often forcing raw cocoa material suppliers and chocolate manufacturers to use cocoa beans from various origins.

9.4.3 Processing cocoa cakeThe cocoa cakes are the source of cocoa powders.

4.5.3 Cocoa processors and chocolate manufacturersFactories buying cocoa fall into two general groups, cocoa processors and chocolate manufacturers.

The cocoa processors manufacture cocoa products, cocoa liquor, butter and powder while the chocolatiers concentrate on producing confectionery.

1.3.6 WholesomenessThe early ‘defatted’ cocoa produced under the van Houten method had about two-thirds of the cocoa fat removed and, while the more palatable drink found favour among the general public, the argument about cocoa’s healthiness continued.

Use is restricted principally to cocoa butter; the cocoa cake cannot be used, and a manufacturer cannot make chocolate from such cocoa.

While processors like homogeneity and look for a consistent degree of fermentation, different factories like varying degrees of fermentation of cocoa, principally because certain shades of cocoa powder colour are possible with differently fermented cocoa.

Cocoa Solids

Dry cocoa solids are the components of cocoa beans remaining after cocoa butter, the fatty component of the bean, is extracted from chocolate liquor, roasted cocoa beans that have been ground into a liquid state.

Cocoa butter is 46% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties.

Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter.

Cocoa powder contains flavanols, amounts of which are reduced if the cocoa is subjected to acid-reducing alkalization.

Natural cocoa powder is extracted with the Broma process where after the cocoa fats have been removed from the chocolate nibs the remaining dry cocoa beans are ground into cocoa powder, which is sold to consumers.

Dutch process cocoa or Dutched cocoa is cocoa powder that has been treated with an alkalizing agent to modify its color, neutralize its pH and give it a milder taste compared to “Natural cocoa”.

The European Union has imposed a limit for cadmium in cocoa powder of 0.6 µg per gram of cocoa powder and 0.8 µg per gram for chocolate with 50% total dry cocoa solids.

What Are Cocoa Solids?

These components can be fatty, in the form of cocoa butter, or dry in the form of cocoa solids.

Some food-governing agencies also require a minimum amount of cocoa solids or butter in a product before it can legally be labeled as chocolate.

Cocoa powder is one of the purest forms of cocoa solid.

Cocoa solids are also added to chocolate bars and other candy, and different products are often associated with a specific cocoa solids content.

Unsweetened baking chocolates are a blend of half solids and half cocoa butter.

The dry solids from the cocoa bean give chocolate its distinctive flavor, and are also the source of most of its nutritional value.

Products with too little cocoa butter often feel waxy, while the best quality bars often contain a high percentage of cocoa solids.

EnWik > Cocoa Solids

Dry cocoa solids are the components of cocoa beans remaining after cocoa butter, the fatty component of the bean, is extracted from chocolate liquor.

Cocoa butter is 46% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties.

Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter.

Where after the cocoa fats have been removed from the chocolate nibs the remaining dry cocoa beans are ground into cocoa powder.

Dutch process cocoa or Dutched cocoa is cocoa powder that has been treated with an alkalizing agent to modify its color, neutralize its pH and give it a milder taste compared to “Natural cocoa”.

Cocoa powders may contain cadmium, a toxic heavy metal and probable carcinogen, found naturally in high levels in the soil of some regions of cocoa-producing countries.

The European Union has imposed a limit for cadmium in cocoa powder of 0.6 µg per gram of cocoa powder and 0.8 µg per gram for chocolate with 50% total dry cocoa solids.

Cocoa Solids Definition

Total solids means the sum of suspended and dissolved solids.

Municipal solid waste landfill or “MSW landfill” means an entire disposal facility in a contiguous geographical space where household waste is placed in or on land.

Municipal solid waste means that waste that is normally composed of residential, commercial, and institutional solid waste and residues derived from combustion of these wastes.

Commercial solid waste means all types of solid waste generated by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, and other nonmanufacturing activities, excluding residential and industrial wastes.

Industrial solid waste means solid waste generated by manufacturing or industrial processes that is not a hazardous waste regulated under Subtitle C of RCRA. Such waste may include, but is not limited to, waste resulting from the following manufacturing processes: electric power generation; fertilizer/agricultural chemicals; food and related products/by-products; inorganic chemicals; iron and steel manufacturing; leather and leather products; nonferrous metals manufacturing/foundries; organic chemicals; plastics and resins manufacturing; pulp and paper industry; rubber and miscellaneous plastic products; stone, glass, clay, and concrete products; textile manufacturing; transportation equipment; and water treatment.

Microbrewery means a brewery in the United States or in a. Ash means the fly ash or bottom ash residual waste material produced from incineration or burning of solid waste or from any fuel combustion.

Settleable solids means the volume of solid particles in a well-mixed one liter sample which will settle out of suspension, in the bottom of an Imhoff Cone, after one hour.

COCOA: Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing And Reviews

Crews, W. D., Jr., Harrison, D. W., and Wright, J. W. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of the effects of dark chocolate and cocoa on variables associated with neuropsychological functioning and cardiovascular health: clinical findings from a sample of healthy, cognitively intact older adults.

Denke, M. A. Effects of cocoa butter on serum lipids in humans: historical highlights.

Engler, M. B. and Engler, M. M. The emerging role of flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate in cardiovascular health and disease.

Farouque, H. M., Leung, M., Hope, S. A., Baldi, M., Schechter, C., Cameron, J. D., and Meredith, I. T. Acute and chronic effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in subjects with coronary artery disease: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Steinberg, F. M., Bearden, M. M., and Keen, C. L. Cocoa and chocolate flavonoids: implications for cardiovascular health.

Tokede, O. A., Gaziano, J. M., and Djousse, L. Effects of cocoa products/dark chocolate on serum lipids: a meta-analysis.

The role of fatty acid saturation on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, & apolipoproteins: I. Effects of whole food diets high in cocoa butter, olive oil, soybean oil, dairy butter, & milk chocolate on the plasma lipids of young men.

The method involved minimal sample preparation and analysis of the alkaloids was by HPLC-DAD. The method was used to determine the dry fat free cocoa solids in 191 cocoa liquor samples from around the world.

Full details of the project can be obtained from the UK Defra website, project code FA 0202 “Measurement of theobromine content in cocoa for determining cocoa solids content in chocolate and chocolate products”.

Whilst in the past analysts were probably measuring total alkaloids accurately the types of samples under test were not described clearly i.e. samples were often described as “Cocoa” or “Cocoa powder”.

The current results indicate that the conversion factor, calculated from theobromine content in the 191 samples of cocoa liquor tested, is higher than the factor currently used by enforcement laboratories to calculate dry fat free cocoa solids.

To validate the results of the cocoa liquor samples and determine the fitness for purpose of the new calculated factors tests were carried out to measure the levels of alkaloids and fat in twenty samples of both the cocoa liquor and the finished chocolate made from the liquors.

3 Calculation The amount of fat free dry cocoa in chocolate products may be calculated from the theobromine content as follows: Fat free dry cocoa = theobromine x 40.7 Where total alkaloids are measured the dry fat free cocoa content may be calculated from: Fat free dry cocoa = total alkaloids x 36.1 -3- Journal of the Association of Public Analysts 2012 40 01-12 A Richards et al The major producers of cocoa are currently the countries of Africa.

Do?uri=OJ:L:2000:197:0019:0025:EN:PDF Validated Enforcement Method VEMS 0358 – Determination of additives and flavourings in food by HPLC, APA Publication for internal use FSA project Q01122 Measurement of theobromine content in cocoa for determining cocoa solids content in chocolate and chocolate products.

Barry Callebaut

Barry Callebaut is a Swiss cocoa processor and chocolate manufacturer, with an average annual production of 2.2 million tonnes of cocoa & chocolate.

Belgian chocolate producer Callebaut and French chocolate company Cacao Barry merged in 1996 to form Barry Callebaut.

Barry Callebout also expanded its range of products, launching new brands on the market, like Bensdorp, The Barry and Callebaut and new lines under the Barry Callebaut brand for industrial use, including cocoa powder, cocoa butter, liqueur and chocolate.

In 1988, the company acquired the US-based confectionery company Van Leer Chocolate and, the following year, it acquired the Swiss Carma-Pfister AG. That same year, Barry Callebaut gained access to the South American market when it bought the Brazilian company Chadler Industrial de Bahia.

In 2007, Barry Callebaut signed an agreement with fellow Swiss brand Nestlé to buy its French site in Dijon, plants for the production of cocoa and liquid chocolate in bulk at the Italian site in San Sisto, and to supply Nestlé with 43,000 tonnes of chocolate products per year in France, Italy and Russia.

In 2009, Barry Callebaut bought the Spanish chocolate producer Chocovic S.A. These international acquisitions took place in the space of a few years, leading CEO De Maeseneire to announce, “We did not want Barry Callebaut to be merely European, we wanted it to become a global company”.

In 2005, Barry Callebaut introduced a “Healthy” chocolate product called ACTICOA, which contains higher levels of polyphenol antioxidants than any other chocolate; some evidence indicates these flavanols have particular health benefits.

Barry Callebaut AG engages in the manufacture and trade of cocoa, chocolate, and confectionery products.

The company was founded by Klaus Johann Jacobs in December 13, 1994 and is headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland.

For modern consumers, the motivation behind dessert selections has experienced a marked shift, with vegan desserts taking centre-stage as the perfect alternative to treats that are typically laden with animal-based, less-healthy ingredients.

Swiss cocoa giant Barry Callebaut is set to launch the world’s first large-scale 3D-printed chocolate under its decoration brand, Mona Lisa.

The Food and Drug Administration issued a temporary permit to Barry Callebaut U.S.A. LLC, so the company can market ruby chocolate.

The permit allows Barry Callebaut to test 60 million pounds of the chocolate and evaluate the response from consumers.

10 Facts: World’S Largest Chocolate Factory

Today we’re touring the largest chocolate factory in the world, Barry Callebaut in Wieze, Belgium.

While the Barry Callebaut group is a global operation with its headquarters in Zurich, it is here, in the small Belgian village of Wieze where more chocolate is produced than anywhere else in the world – and where the gourmet brand Callebaut still produces all its ‘Finest Belgian Chocolates’.

THEY PRODUCE 1,000 TONNES OF CHOCOLATE EVERY SINGLE DAY. “Based on production figures, we are the biggest chocolate factory in the world,” Isabelle says.

CONSUMERS CAN’T BUY CALLEBAUT CHOCOLATE BARS IN SHOPS ANYMORE. Barry Callebaut are now strictly a business to business operation meaning that you won’t find their chocolate bars on the retail shelves.

Their chocolate bars were stacked on shelves against those of all the Belgian chocolate companies to whom they supply chocolate.

THEY HAVE JUST OPENED A BRAND SPANKING NEW CHOCOLATE ACADEMY. While Callebaut have had chocolate teaching and training colleges in Belgium since 1988, they opened their new flagship Chocolate Academy centre in Wieze in 2014.

High ceiling kitchen workspaces used as chocolateries, bakeries and pastry labs with beautiful artwork and crafted tiles form the centre piece of a building which also houses a chocolate bar and library, a chocolate tasting ritual room where sensory specialists guide guests through a varied world of flavours and a ‘Chocotorium’ 100 seat theatre for lectures from chocolate experts.

Mars, Nestlé And Hershey To Face Child Slavery Lawsuit In US

Nestlé, Cargill, Barry Callebaut, Mars, Olam, Hershey and Mondelēz have been named as defendants in a lawsuit filed in Washington DC by the human rights firm International Rights Advocates, on behalf of eight former child slaves who say they were forced to work without pay on cocoa plantations in the west African country.

Citing research by the US state department, the International Labour Organization and Unicef, among others, the court documents allege that the plaintiffs’ experience of child slavery is mirrored by that of thousands of other minors.

The production of cocoa in west Africa has long been linked to human rights abuses, structural poverty, low pay and child labour.

The lawsuit also accuses the companies – whose industry body is the World Cocoa Foundation – of actively misleading the public in the voluntary 2001 Harkin-Engel Protocol, characterised by the complainants as promising to phase out some child labour.

The widespread use of child slavery is also credited by the plaintiffs for causing “Long-term mental and physical trauma”.

Nestlé said that the lawsuit “Does not advance the shared goal of ending child labor in the cocoa industry” and added, “Child labor is unacceptable and goes against everything we stand for. Nestlé has explicit policies against it and is unwavering in our dedication to ending it. We remain committed to combatting child labor within the cocoa supply chain and addressing its root causes as part of the Nestlé Cocoa Plan and through collaborative efforts.”

An earlier version said that in 2001 cocoa companies promised to “phase out” child labour.

44% of global consumers expect to consume more plant-based products 60% of global consumers aged 18-44 years old think every brand should have a plant-based offer 45% of global consumers are happy with the plant-based chocolate propositions currently on the market.

Ly/sbqF50HRF5e #BarryCallebaut #CDPSupplyChainDid you know that Singapore is home to our oldest chocolate factory in the APAC region? Last week, we welcomed at our #chocolate factory in Singapore where we have been producing chocolate for the last 25 years.

Happy Chinese New Year! To our customers, partners & people who celebrate, we wish you health, happiness & prosperity this Year of the Tiger.

What are the top chocolate trends for 2022 and beyond? We have identified 4 key trends that are taking over the world of chocolate.

News from our Asia Pacific Region: They are reducing our carbon footprint with their very own solar panels on the rooftops of our Pasir Gudang factory! A great contribution to our Forever Chocolate target to become carbon positive by 2025! #BarryCallebaut #ForeverChocolate.

The world’s leading manufacturer of high-quality chocolate and cocoa products, which will power the company’s factory in Pasir Gudang, Malaysia.

Ly/wi4i50H21nE #BarryCallebaut”We want to make sustainable chocolate the norm for all” says Peter Boone, CEO. LIVE now at #ReutersNEXT to understand how sustainability can be embedded into the supply chain for chocolate & how we can fight poverty in chocolate farming: bit.

Barry Callebaut

At Barry Callebaut, we have a long-standing commitment to sustainability.

Halfway through our Forever Chocolate plan to make sustainable chocolate the norm by 2025, we take stock of our progress, capture our learnings, and plan for what’s still ahead of us.

Ly/3hew50I8OFP We have talked to various in-house experts to give you an overview of what we have achieved so far, what challenges we still face and what are the key priorities for reaching our ambitions by 2025.

Cocoa Butter

The cocoa nibs are ground to form cocoa mass, which is liquid at temperatures above the melting point of cocoa butter and is known as cocoa liquor or chocolate liquor.

Chocolate liquor is pressed to separate the cocoa butter from the non-fat cocoa solids.

Cocoa butter, unlike non-fat cocoa solids, contains only traces of caffeine and theobromine.

Substitutes include: coconut, palm, soybean, rapeseed, cottonseed and illipe oils; and shea butter, mango kernel fat and a mixture of mango kernel fat and palm oil, and PGPR. Cocoa butter is a major ingredient in practically all types of chocolates.

Cocoa butter typically has a melting point of around 34-38 °C, so chocolate is solid at room temperature but readily melts once inside the mouth.

The production of chocolate aims to crystallise the chocolate so that the cocoa butter is predominantly in form V, which is the most stable form that can be obtained from melted cocoa butter.

Melting the cocoa butter in chocolate and then allowing it to solidify without tempering leads to the formation of unstable polymorphic forms of cocoa butter.

Amazon.Com: Cocoa Butter

Smooth, rich and extra-moisturizing cocoa butter is one of the best ways to ensure your skin is silky and soft from head to toe.

Since cocoa butter is so rich, it’s great for even the driest skin, including elbows and the heels of the feet.

Cocoa butter practically melts into your skin to penetrate the deepest layers.

If your skin needs a boost of moisture, check out these cocoa butter products.

What Is Cocoa Butter And How Is It Used?

Because of its texture and long shelf life, cocoa butter is also used as an ingredient in skin-care products.

Cocoa beans from the Theobroma cacao plant, are used to make cocoa butter and cocoa powder.

Raw cacao butter and cocoa butter are essentially the same, except that the manufacturing process of raw cacao butter is slowed down to ensure that the temperature does not exceed 115 F. The difference in spelling between cacao and cocoa is most likely to match what is printed on product labels-“Cacao” has always been the word of choice for raw food products in order to distinguish them from the conventional roasted bean products.

Because cocoa butter is dairy free and safe for a vegan diet, it is often used as a butter substitute.

Although both plant-based fats, cocoa butter and shea butter come from distinct sources.

While cocoa butter is derived from a bean, shea butter is the vegetable fat found in the nut from the shea tree.

The two kinds of butter are processed differently and have varying scents, with cocoa leaning toward “Tropical” and shea butter milder.

Cocoa Butter: Health Benefits, Nutrients, Preparation Information, And More

Producers ferment, dry, roast, strip, and press cocoa beans to extract cocoa butter.

Cocoa beans are grown in tropical regions around the equator – hot, humid climates are well suited for growing cocoa trees.

Get Vitamin E. Cocoa butter is a decent source of vitamin E, which benefits your body in many ways.

Cocoa butter contains a high amount of fatty acids, which make it well-suited as a primary ingredient in skin cream.

The fat in cocoa butter creates a protective barrier that holds in moisture and prevents your skin from drying.

The rich moisture content and protective oil-based nature of cocoa butter eases itching and allows the skin to heal after a flare-up.

The phytochemicals in cocoa butter may protect against skin damage from harmful UV rays and lower your risk of skin disease.

Cocoa Butter: Benefits, Uses, And Side Effects

Cocoa butter is a type of vegetable fat that comes from cocoa beans.

Chocolate is made up of cocoa butter and cocoa powder, often with milk and sugar.

These polyphenols are primarily in cocoa powder, not necessarily in cocoa butter.

One cell study suggests that cocoa polyphenols improved skin elasticity and skin aging and suggested that cocoa butter may enhance these effects.

Some doctors and midwives may advise the use of cocoa butter during pregnancy to reduce the risk of stretch marks, but there is no evidence that using cocoa butter will achieve this.

Cocoa butter also contains small amounts of vitamin E and vitamin K. Cocoa butter is safe for use on the skin.

People can eat pure cocoa butter but should not ingest cocoa butter products designed for the skin.

Wholesale From Bulk Apothecary

As one of the nation’s largest suppliers of pure Cocoa Butter and other natural raw ingredients, we currently offer 2 different versions of wholesale cocoa butter below.

Because of the lack of deodorization, bulk natural cocoa butter has a pale yellowish or slight brown color and has the typical chocolate odor normally associated with cocoa butter.

Our Natural Deodorized Cocoa Butter is extracted from the cocoa bean, refined, deodorized and left in it’s natural color.

As a manufacturer the facts are simple, we have some of the best wholesale prices on pure cocoa butter and essential oils wholesale anywhere in the USA which makes us your place to buy.

As far as other uses, you may find it interesting that wholesale cocoa butter is used widely in Pharmaceuticals.

Bulk Cocoa butter is also one of the most stable fats known to man.

If you like our wholesale cocoa butter, please don’t forget to check out all of our aromatherapy essential oils, bulk citric acid, wholesale soap making supplies and our melt and pour soap bases.

Cocoa Butter: Nutrition, Uses, Benefits, Downsides

The beans undergo a series of transformations and processing to create different types of cocoa ingredients, including cocoa butter and cocoa powder.

They’re processed into cocoa nibs and cocoa liquor, which can be pressed to extract cocoa butter.

The non-fat portions of the processed bean – the cocoa powder – is highest in polyphenol, while the high-fat parts, such as cocoa butter, can have as little as 5%. That means that cocoa butter itself is not a good source of polyphenols.

Efforts to reduce production costs of cocoa products have led to the development of cocoa butter equivalent oils – oils made from other plant sources – that are used to partially or completely replace cocoa butter in some food products.

Many of the health benefits attributed to cocoa or chocolate consumption are based on the high polyphenol content of the cocoa powder, and not cocoa butter itself.

The shortage has propelled the diversification of cocoa butter production, which has now expanded to use cocoa butter equivalents from other plants to meet the high global demand for cocoa and chocolate.

The global demand for cocoa has strained cocoa butter production, making final products more expensive, and leading to the use of cocoa butter equivalents to meet demands.

Nissan Navara

The Nissan Navara is the name for the D21, D22, D40 and D23 generations of Nissan pickup trucks sold in Australia, New Zealand, Central America, South America, Asia, Europe, and South Africa.

In North, Central and South America and some selected markets, it is sold as the Nissan Frontier or Nissan NP300.

Nissan Bolivia imported from Japan the Nissan Frontier D22 Crew Cab, 2.4-liter petrol or diesel, 4WD. Imported from Mexico, the D22 Crew Cab and single cab long bed, petrol 2WD. Some Frontiers were gray imported from the USA. These were V6 with automatic transmission for private importers.

In November 2008 Nissan Thailand Released the all new Nissan Navara Calibre with a 144 PS at 4000 rpm 36.3 kg·m at 2000 rpm available with a five-speed automatic or a six-speed manual transmission.

On 11 June 2014, Nissan unveiled the third generation Navara, codenamed the D23 and released as the NP300 Navara.

On October 24, 2018, the Dongfeng Rich 6 was launched as a more premium pickup option under the Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. brand and produced by Zhengzhou Nissan alongside the Chinese market Nissan Navara.

The Frontier is known as Nissan Navara in most of Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Caribbean, and South Africa and Nissan Terrano in Chile and NP300.

Nissan Navara Ute Hit Hardest By Five-Star Safety Expiry

The Nissan Navara ute is expected to be the vehicle most affected by the expiry of a five-star safety rating at the end of this year – because it will remain on sale for at least two years ‘unrated’ until a new model arrives.

The Nissan Navara ute will likely need to soldier-on for at least two years without a safety rating once its current five-star score expires at the end of this year.

It means the Nissan Navara will be the vehicle most impacted by the introduction of six-year expiry dates on safety ratings issued by the Australasian New Car Assessment Program.

Confusingly a Nissan Navara with a 2022 build date will likely have the same safety aids and crash protection as a Nissan Navara with a 2023 build date – but the policies of some government and fleet departments may preclude 2023 Nissan Navara utes from being purchased, or allowed on certain work sites.

“The Nissan Navara provides a wide range of safety as standard, and is currently rated five-stars for safety by ANCAP.”.

“Whilst ANCAP is choosing to change the safety rating for Navara to ‘unrated’ in January 2023, this current suite of safety will remain for Navara buyers.”

Nissan Australia declined to comment on future model plans – or when the next-generation Nissan Navara is due in local showrooms.

Stallion Unveils Nissan Navara To Customers, Remains Upbeat

Stallion NMN Limited, the exclusive representative of the Nissan brand in Nigeria, has officially unveiled the Nissan Navara pickup truck to its Nigerian customers.

At an event held in Lagos attracted individuals from the private sector and government circles, the company highlighted the special features that have made the latest Navara pickup truck customers’ delight.

The General Manager, Stallion NMN Limited, Mr. Amit Sharma, described the launch of the new Navara as a continuation of his company’s journey towards transforming Nigeria into a notable hub for manufacturing and distribution of Nissan vehicles.

He stated that in 2013, Stallion NMN Limited, a subsidiary of Stallion Group, partnered with Nissan Motor Corporation with the aim of transforming Nigeria into a notable hub for manufacturing and distribution of Nissan vehicles.

Notwithstanding the prevailing global economic challenges occasioned by the pandemic, Amit assured Nigerians that Nissan would not relent in its efforts to bring the best of auto innovation, affordable and tropically-modified vehicles to Nigerians.

One of them, he stated further, is the all-new Nissan Navara, which was being launched.

It is the toughest Navara Nissan has ever built,” he added.

Nissan Set To Assemble Navara Pickup In Nigeria June

Stallion NMN Limited says it is planning to begin assembling of the new Nissan Navara pickup in Nigeria in June this year.

The General Manager, Stallion NMN Limited, Amit Sharna, made the disclosure in Lagos on Saturday during the launch of the all-new and most-advanced Nissan Navara pickup.

Unveiled in its showroom with a test-drive, Nissan Navara, which comes in various sizes, promises to deliver an enhanced level of safety, comfort and driving pleasure, while continuing to bring the durability, reliability, and versatility that it is known for.

The Stallion NMN boss described the new Navara as a reliable partner for work or travel and a workhorse that comes with many best-in-class technologies, including an array of Nissan Intelligent Mobility features and safety systems, making it the most advanced Navara yet.

“He said,”This new Navara brings the best of what Nissan has to offer in one package.

“Building on more than 85 years of Nissan pickup heritage, the new Nissan Navara represents the pinnacle of the company’s experience in building tough and reliable pickups.”

According to the GM, the new Navara is powered by a 2.5L petrol engine that has proven reliable in the Sub-Saharan Africa driving conditions.

Nissan Introduces New Navara To Customers, Restates Commitment To Nigeria’S Industrial Growth

Stallion NMN Limited, Nigeria’s exclusive representative of Nissan brand, has officially revealed the new Navara pickup truck to its Nigerian customers.

In his keynote address at the occasion, the General Manager of Stallion NMN Limited, Mr. Amit Sharma, described the launch of the new Navara as a continuation of his company’s journey towards transforming Nigeria into a notable hub for manufacturing and distribution of Nissan vehicles.

“He recalled:”In 2013, Stallion NMN Limited, a subsidiary of Stallion Group, partnered with Nissan Motor Corporation with the aim of transforming Nigeria into a notable hub for manufacturing and distribution of Nissan vehicles.

“Barely a year after the Stallion-Nissan agreement, Nigeria’s then newly revived auto policy received a boost of a Nissan Assembly plant located at our VON Automobiles complex in Lagos.”

“As a result, Nissan brand recorded a significant boost in market share. And, in 2015, Stallion NMN won prestigious Nissan Global Sales Award for exceptionally growing the market share by 18%.”.

Notwithstanding the prevailing global economic set-back occasioned by the pandemic, Amit assured Nigerians that Nissan would not relent in its efforts to bring the best of the auto innovation and affordable tropically modified vehicles to Nigerians.

“Do you know why? It is made in Africa for Africa. It is tough and smart. In fact, it is the toughest Navara Nissan has ever built.”

PICS: I-Navara Single Cab IYABABA!

IT MAY look like any other long-base single cab bakkie when you look at it from the sides and rear.

Everything changes the moment you turn to view the Nissan Navara single cab from the front because of its aggressively bold black grille and its attractive lights.

Taking a single cab bakkie on a road test is not something many of us look forward to, but this bakkie will make you see that fast cars and double cabs are not the only vehicles to be loved.

When its double cab sibling launched in June last year, it got Mzansi excited.

Little did we know that soon after that, Nissan SA was going to round up the range with an equally nice single cab.

The Navara is popular for its rugged yet redefined looks, robust capabilities, reliability and versatility.

The new Navara single cab engines include a 2,5l D0HC petrol engine with a maximum power of 118kW and 233Nm torque.

The 2021 Nissan Navara Gives Us A Good Idea Of What The Next Frontier Will Be Like

Nissan, the company which is soon giving us a new Z car with a stick, has just revealed its heavily facelifted Navara pickup, talking about how it’s built on the company’s 80-plus years of body-on-frame truck heritage.

Originally named Navara after a northern Spanish province, the truck is closely related to the Frontier that’s available in the United States, and this new model foreshadows what’s to come for the aging North American-market truck.

For 2021, Nissan has also strengthened the Navara’s rear axle, increasing its payload capacity, and upgraded to a new steering rack to improve low-speed maneuverability and steering response in general.

In terms of safety, towing capacity and off-road capability, Nissan has upped the Navara’s intelligent mobility package with the addition of forward collision warning, emergency braking and a better around-view monitor, which uses four cameras to help drivers navigate in those tight spots.

Nissan’s senior design director for pickups and frame SUVs talks about attributes like “a high command structure” and graphic elements such as “a new interlocking frame grille” and “High-tech, squared C-shaped headlights.” Meanwhile, the Navara also benefits from a tweaked Pro-4X trim.

Complete with its “Unbreakable” design language that Nissan believes should trigger “Confidence and pride of ownership” in its customers, this new Navara will go on sale in Thailand next month.

As for its Frontier brethren, we don’t know exactly how it’ll look; however, most of these hardware and safety upgrades are likely to find their way stateside in tandem with the truck’s 3.8-liter V6. It’s believed that the next-generation Frontier’s design might’ve leaked via a design poster during the Navara’s world premier, embedded below.

Brand Licensing: Everything You Need To Know

Brand licensing pertains to the licensing or renting of intangible assets.

The arrangement in licensing a brand must include a license agreement.

The arrangement in licensing a brand must include a license agreement, and the agreement gives authorization to another party to market a service or product.

From the perspective of a brand owner, the brand differentiates the services or products from the competitors.

Brand licensing refers to a brand’s leasing to a business other than the owner of a company.

The brand equity is based on image and awareness of a brand it retains with consumers.

Brand Awareness: This means that the brand owner has invested in a trademark to foster a wide-reaching influence among consumers.

Branding Strategy Insider

By definition brand licensing is the renting or leasing of an intangible asset.

It is also defined as an opportunity to extend value.

Companies extend their brands via licensing for a variety of reasons.

Brand licensing enables companies with brands that have high preference to unlock their brands’ latent value and satisfy pent-up demand.

Through licensing, brand owners have the ability to enter new categories practically overnight, gaining them immediate brand presence on store shelves and often in the media.

Let’s take a deeper look at the benefits that make licensing so attractive to brand owners.

Brand Licensing Workflow 101: How To Navigate The Brand Licensing Value Chain

Brand licensing is an important tool for increasing brand exposure and awareness, and it’s an efficient way to create additional income streams for a brand.

Before entering the licensing business, a brand should evaluate its intellectual property and build a licensing program strategy.

Having intellectual property protection before pursuing brand licensing agreements is ideal but it can also be done during the planning phase of the brand licensing strategy.

Apart from restricting revenue to all parties involved in the brand licensing agreement, the reputation of the brand may also be compromised.

During the brand licensing workflow, operations and licensing strategy will need to be closely monitored and managed.

Following this brand licensing workflow can help avoid unnecessary delays and production issues as you implement your brand licensing agreement.

Implementing an effective brand licensing workflow when considering licensing agreements is a good way to ensure successful results during the negotiations and during the process of applying brand licensing with a licensee.

Broad Street Licensing Group

Our Reach is Global Broad Street Licensing Group is a full service brand licensing agency, providing superior licensing representation and brand acquisition services.

Show All Why Our “Working with Broad Street Licensing Group is like having a full-service licensing & consumer goods division in a briefcase, ready to deploy. Their expertise & deep understanding of food licensing is unparalleled, and has been instrumental in expanding the Tony Roma’s brand at retail, both domestically and internationally.”

“Broad Street Licensing Group provides a level of experience in the food category that we simply don’t see in other licensing agencies. They negotiate tough but fair deal terms, and always keep those terms within the confines of reality and good business for both licensor and licensee.”

“Broad Street Licensing Group displayed the utmost professionalism and a keen knowledge of the foodservice industry in brokering our license with The Culinary Institute of America. We appreciate working with professionals who know how to balance the needs of their client with the realities of the marketplace.”

VP, Business Development, The Inventure Group, Inc. “Broad Street Licensing Group was the agency that negotiated the license between Guinness and Burts for a line of Guinness chips. We were very impressed with BSLG’s level of professionalism, knowledge of the food business globally, and their hard work getting both sides to understand each other’s needs and goals.”

Director of Marketing, BIC USA. “We chose Broad Street Licensing as our agency because of their vast experience in licensing food brands. Broad Street has brought us exciting opportunities that are strategic, consistent with our brand image, and relevant to our consumers.”

Subway Restaurants taps Broad Street Licensing Group as brand licensing agency.

Brand Licensing

A licensing agreement authorizes a company which markets a product or service to lease or rent a brand from a brand owner who operates a licensing program.

The rise of brand licensing did not begin until much later, when corporations found that consumers would actually pay money for products with the logos of their favorite brands on them.

Brand extensions later made the brand licensing marketplace much more lucrative, as companies realized they could make real dollars renting out their equity to manufacturers.

To achieve this, licensees expect that the brand they are licensing has significant brand preference, that it will open doors and ultimately help them meet or exceed their business objectives.

The main international professional association for brand licensing is the Licensing Industry Merchandiser’s Association, which sponsors the annual Licensing International Expo.

Character Licensing is another big licensing segment of brand licensing in India.

Brand Licensing in Italy started in the seventies with very few Licensing Agencies.

Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering Inc. is an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Troy, Michigan.

Altair Engineering is the creator of the HyperWorks CAE software product, among numerous other software packages and suites.

Since the company’s outset, Scapa has served as its CEO. Initially, Altair started as an engineering consulting firm, but soon branched out into product development and computer-aided engineering software.

In addition to its software production, Altair continued hiring out engineering consultants to its corporate clientele.

On November 1, 2017, Altair went public with an IPO on the Nasdaq stock exchange and began trading under the stock ticker symbol ALTR. The company raised $156 million with share prices starting at $13. In the years leading up to the IPO, Altair acquired 11 different companies with strategic assets and expertise in fields like material science, electronics, industrial design, rendering, and others.

Altair also offers its customers access to software applications from over 55 different software companies through its Altair Partner Alliance.

HyperMesh A finite element pre-processor; Panopticon A data visualization and monitoring software Altair One A collaboration platform to access all Altair’s simulation, HPC, and data analytics solutions.

Altair Engineering Downgraded To Hold At Zacks Investment Research

Zacks Investment Research lowered shares of Altair Engineering from a buy rating to a hold rating in a report released on Wednesday morning, Zacks.com reports.

According to Zacks, “Altair Engineering Inc. is focused on the development and broad application of simulation technology to synthesize and optimize designs, processes and decisions for business performance. The company serves broad industry segments. Altair Engineering Inc. is headquartered in Michigan, USA.”.

Griffin Securities assumed coverage on shares of Altair Engineering in a research report on Friday, November 5th. They issued a neutral rating for the company.

Finally, Royal Bank of Canada upped their price objective on shares of Altair Engineering from $74.00 to $87.00 and gave the company a sector perform rating in a research report on Friday, November 5th. Four analysts have rated the stock with a hold rating and four have given a buy rating to the company’s stock.

Altair Engineering last announced its quarterly earnings results on Wednesday, February 23rd. The software reported $0.19 earnings per share for the quarter, beating the consensus estimate of $0.09 by $0.10.

Finally, Cornerstone Investment Partners LLC acquired a new stake in shares of Altair Engineering in the fourth quarter valued at approximately $205,000.

Get a free copy of the Zacks research report on Altair Engineering.

Altair Engineering Inc.

About Altair: Altair is a global technology company that provides software and cloud solutions in the areas of data analytics, product development, and high-performance computing.

Altair enables organizations across broad industry segments to compete more effectively in a connected world while creating a more sustainable future.

Responders, Key Fobs, Transmitters

Some keyless entry remotes also remotely start the vehicle, which is becoming standard on modern vehicles.

At CARiD you will find thousands of keyless entry remotes to choose from.

Whether you have a Cadillac, Audi, Chevy, Dodge, or Mercedes, we offer premium quality keyless entry remotes for every make and model.

In addition to our large selection of keyless entry remotes, we offer various covers to protect your investment.

Remote keyless systems include a standard remote keyless entry system and a remote keyless ignition system.

Modern vehicles include a proximity-detector-based system that is triggered when the key fob moves within a set distance of a vehicle.

Smart key fobs are hands free, meaning if a vehicle is equipped with an advanced key system, it can be unlocked without driver input.

Remote Keyless Systems Explained » Hamilton Locksmith Company

Usually, remote keyless systems offer more than just the lock/unlock feature.

Remote keyless systems will be explained further in this article.

If you want to install a remote keyless system in Hamilton, our technicians at Hamiltons Locksmith can assist you.

Another awesome thing with remote keyless systems is that they are favorable in the winter.

One frequently asked question regarding remote keyless systems is whether they are safe and secure.

Remote keyless systems are an exceptional technology.

Remote keyless systems are at risk of relay attacks.

A Brief History Of The Remote Keyless Entry System For Automotives

Also referred to as remote central locking or keyless entry, the remote keyless system features an electronic lock that allows access to a house or a vehicle without using a traditional key.

This system involves using a handheld remote control that performs the same functions as a standard key.

The car detects the key fob using radio waves, then locks or unlocks car doors within a certain range.

A remote keyless system can incorporate keyless entry to access your vehicle, and keyless ignition to start the engine.

The remote key fobs usually feature a few buttons to open or lock doors, and popping the trunk open.

Up until a few years ago, most car owners could manually reprogram their key fobs by pressing a button on the key fob.

Maybe we are going to witness a day when car owners no longer carry car keys.

Keyless Entry Remotes And Key Fobs For Cars And Trucks

We provide key cutting and remote and transponder key programming at our shop in Fountain Hills, Arizona.

Keyless-Remotes.com is the leading online retailer of replacement keyless entry remotes since 2001.

Keyless entry remotes, or allow owners to unlock their car or truck with the click of a button from a key fob, keychain, or on the key itself.

Remote keyless systems include a standard remote keyless entry system and a remote keyless ignition system and even more recent models include a proximity-detector-based system that is triggered when the key fob, remote or remote transponder moves within a set distance of the car or truck.

Keyless Entry Remotes perform all of the functions of standard keys and more with additional security and ease-of-use.

In addition to our large selection of remote smart keys, we offer various fob covers and key remote covers- a worthwhile accessory for protecting your investment.

In addition to keyless remote replacements and aftermarket replacement remotes we offer batteries that fit dozens of different keyless remotes.

RFID Proximity Keyless Entry Systems By Viper & Compustar

Imagine being able to unlock & disarm your car security system by just walking up to your vehicle – you can with an RFID Proximity Keyless Entry System.

The Compustar FT-EZGo and the Viper PKE Keyless entry systems we carry in Abbotsford both use the passive identification technology RFID to alert your car alarm when you approach the car, allowing the system to disarm and unlock your doors for hassle free entry.

Both the Viper PKE and Compustar FT-EZGo Keyless Entry Systems we offer have been designed to work with both factory security systems and Viper Car Alarms and our Compustar Alarm systems.

Our technicians can add Passive Keyless Entryto your factory remote controls, most existing vehicle security systems and of course to any new security system or remote car starter we install for you.

You really have to try out our RFID Proximity Keyless Entry systems to see just how simple and cool they are.

We use these passive RFID systems in our own vehicles and would be happy to show you just how simple and reliable the Compustar EZGo and Viper PKE systems are.

Please come by Driven Audio in Abbotsford and let us show you how we can make your vehicle even easier for you to enter with an RFID Proximity Keyless Entry System.

Remote Keyless System

The term remote keyless system, also called keyless entry or remote central locking, refers to a lock that uses an electronic remote control as a key which is activated by a handheld device or automatically by proximity.

A remote keyless system can include both a remote keyless entry system, which unlocks the doors, and a remote keyless ignition system, which starts the engine.

The functions of a remote keyless entry system are contained on a key fob or built into the ignition key handle itself.

Some remote keyless fobs also feature a red panic button which activates the car alarm as a standard feature.

Further adding to the convenience, some cars’ engines with remote keyless ignition systems can be started by the push of a button on the key fob, and convertible tops can be raised and lowered from outside the vehicle while it’s parked.

Some cars have a proximity system that is triggered if a transponder car key is within a certain distance of the car and is sometimes called hands-free or advanced key.

In October 2014, it was found that some insurers in the United Kingdom would not insure certain vehicles with keyless ignition unless there were additional mechanical locks in place due to weaknesses in the keyless system.

Johns Hopkins Medicine

Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that uses transplanted bone to repair and rebuild diseased or damaged bones.

A bone graft is a choice for repairing bones almost anywhere in your body.

In these cases, your bone might not fully heal without a bone graft.

During a bone graft, your surgeon inserts a new piece of bone in the place where a bone needs to heal or join.

If you have a bad fracture of your thighbone, your healthcare provider might perform a bone graft as part of other necessary repairs on your bone.

These bone grafts can provide a framework for the growth of new, living bone.

After cleaning the affected area, your surgeon will make a cut through the skin and muscle surrounding the bone that will receive the bone graft.

Bone Grafting: What It Is, Types, Risks And Benefits

Bone marrow aspirate: Marrow is the spongy substance inside bones.

Using a needle, the surgeon gets a bone marrow sample from the hip bone.

This bone marrow aspirate is used alone or mixed with other bone grafts to enhance bone healing for allograft procedures.

The surgeon makes an incision into the skin to access the bone that needs grafting.

Risks / Benefits What are the risks of bone grafting?

A bone graft is a procedure to apply bone tissue or similar substances to damaged bones.

There are many methods, including allograft, autograft and synthetic bone grafting.

Bone Graft For Dental Implants: Understanding The Possibility

Bone grafting is just one type of bone augmentation procedure, and others may be needed to build bone in your mouth and support dental implants.

This surgical procedure divides the jawbone into an inner and outer section to insert bone graft material, create new bone, and widen the jaw to support dental implants.

This procedure makes a shorter bone into a longer bone by cutting it into two pieces, slowly pulling the two pieces apart and encouraging new bone to form and fill the space.

This surgical procedure reduces bone loss after tooth extraction by placing a bone substitute in the socket and covering it with a barrier membrane directly after removal.

Like dental bone grafts, most other bone augmentation procedures only sound like a complex or invasive procedure.

In reality, your dental professional can quickly perform most surgeries needed to support bone growth and development.

In four to six months, you can have the healthy bone structure required to support dental implants and be one step closer to a dazzling smile.

Bone Grafting

Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures that are extremely complex, pose a significant health risk to the patient, or fail to heal properly.

Bone grafting is possible because bone tissue, unlike most other tissues, has the ability to regenerate completely if provided the space into which to grow.

In the context of bone grafting it occurs when the bone graft material serves as a scaffold for new bone growth that is perpetuated by the native bone.

Autologous bone grafting involves utilizing bone obtained from the same individual receiving the graft.

Allograft bone can be taken from cadavers that have donated their bone so that it can be used for living people who are in need of it; it is typically sourced from a bone bank.

Some authors believe this method is inferior to autogenous bone grafting however infection and rejection of the graft is much less of a risk, and the mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus are comparable to bone.

Besides the main use of bone grafting – dental implants – this procedure is used to fuse joints to prevent movement, repair broken bones that have bone loss, and repair broken bone that has not yet healed.

Bone Graft: Purpose, Procedure, And Risks

A bone graft is a surgical procedure used to fix problems with bones or joints.

A bone graft may fill an area where bone is absent or help provide structural stability.

The bone used in a bone graft can come from your body or a donor, or it can be entirely synthetic.

Allograft bone transplant involves bone that has no living cells so that the risk of rejection is minimal as opposed to organ transplants, in which living cells are present.

A graft can be used to help bone heal around surgically implanted devices, like joint replacements, plates, or screws.

Your doctor will decide which type of bone graft to use before your surgery.

Recovery from bone grafts depends on the size of the graft and other variables.

5 Types Of Dental Bone Grafts

Bone grafting is a minor surgical procedure that helps grow new bone.

The bone graft material typically consists of processed bone minerals that help your body create new bone cells over time.

Bone grafts repair damaged bone and also boost the chances of saving your teeth.

If tooth loss occurs due to periodontitis, you’ll need a dental implant placed after the bone graft heals.

An autograft is when a surgeon uses your own bone for the graft.

A sinus lift restores your sinus to normal and repairs the gap with a bone graft.

You will be given general anesthesia before a bone graft procedure, which puts you into a deep sleep.

Bone Graft Before Dental Implants: Cost And Procedure

A bone graft is a serious procedure no matter where it is on your body, and an oral bone graft is no exception.

That’s where a bone graft comes in; grafts are a way to build your bone up, by inserting bone taken from another place in your body, or even another body.

There are some patients who will require transplanted bone to prevent bone loss and aid in bone growth prior to dental implant surgery.

A bone graft for dental implants is necessary if after a tooth is removed, the surrounding bone is weak and susceptible to decay.

Gum disease, injury, and significant trauma can all result in such bone and tooth loss that a block bone graft may be the best way to rebuild the bone.

A sinus lift is a kind of dental surgery that may accompany a bone graft for dental implants.

A bone graft can be made of bone from the patient, bone from a human donor, a bone from an animal, or synthetic materials.

Strain Gauges, How Does It Work?

General Purpose Precision strain gaugesGeneral purpose precision strain gauges are encapsulated constantan foil strain gauges offered in a wide variety of patterns for scientific, industrial and experimental stress analysis.

In the General purpose strain gauge section you will find the strain gauge patterns next to the part numbers so that you will be able to see the geometry of the strain gauge.

Transducer-quality strain gauges feature a tighter tolerance on the carrier trim dimensions which allows the carrier edge to be used for strain gauge alignment if required.

Karma strain gaugesOmega offers a full line of Karma strain gauges.

Measuring strain gauge circuitsIn order to measure strain with a bonded resistance strain gauge, it must be connected to an electric circuit that is capable of measuring the minute changes in resistance corresponding to strain.

Custom strain gaugesOMEGA can make custom strain gauges.

Custom strain gauges can be designed to simplify strain gauge installation, for a specific application or for an environment where space is limited.

ScienceDirect Topics

For strain gauge devices, strain gauges are bonded to parts of the structure that deform when making the measurement.

Schematic representation of a strain gauge and circuit diagram of a strain gauge in a Wheatstone bridge.

To normalize environmental conditions, multiple strain gauges are used, with the gauges placed at various orientations with respect to the direction of desired strain sensing.

You carefully prepare the surface of the pylon, select a strain gauge which is rated for the expected strain range, determine the appropriate orientation to mount the gauge, and decide to mount several gauges at various angles to be able to sense various directions of strain.

12.2.7.2 Strain gauge sensorsWith strain gauge.

The change in the resistance when a strain gauge is active is rather small, usually less than 1%.To detect only the change in resistance, four gauges are often connected in a bridge arrangement and the differential voltage measured between the centre terminals.

Once the gauge has been calibrated to measure strain, displacement or stress, the amplifier gain should be adjusted for a convenient full-scale output, e.g. 4.096V.Care must be taken in arranging the input connections, as the gauges will be highly susceptible to noise and interference.

HBM Strain Gauges: First Choice For Strain Measurements

Strain gauges are the key asset for measuring fatigue and testing materials for better and safer products.

Whether it is in structural durability testing, structural health monitoring, or for the production of OEM transducers, HBM’s optical and electrical strain gauges are the first choice.

As one of the leading strain gauge manufacturers, our wide range of strain gauges comprises of an extensive assortment for widely differing strain measurement applications – over 6,000 types of strain gauges are available.

Due to the combination of excellent services with a comprehensive range of accessories and over 65 years of experience, HBM is the perfect partner for your strain measurement project.

What Is A Strain Gauge And How Does It Work? Michigan Scientific

A strain gauge is a sensor whose measured electrical resistance varies with changes in strain.

Force causes strain, which is then measured with the strain gauge by way of a change in electrical resistance.

Now that the process of strain measurements has been established, the next step when using strain gauges is getting useful data.

The strain gauge must be connected to an electrical circuit that is capable of accurately responding to the minute changes in resistance associated with strain.

Multiple strain gauges can be used in a divided bridge circuit to measure small changes in electrical resistance.

Any small change in the material under the strain gauge results in a change in the resistance of the strain gauge as it deforms with the material.

We produce single channel Strain Gage Amplifiers and multi-channel Strain Gage Amplifiers for our Slip Ring Assemblies.

Strain Gauge

A strain gauge is a device used to measure strain on an object.

Various constantan alloys and Karma alloys have been designed so that the temperature effects on the resistance of the strain gauge itself largely cancel out the resistance change of the gauge due to the thermal expansion of the object under test.

The sample with the dummy gauge is placed in thermal contact with the test specimen, adjacent to the active gauge.

The dummy gauge is wired into a Wheatstone bridge on an adjacent arm to the active gauge so that the temperature effects on the active and dummy gauges cancel each other.

Zero Offset – If the impedance of the four gauge arms are not exactly the same after bonding the gauge to the force collector, there will be a zero offset which can be compensated by introducing a parallel resistor to one or more of the gauge arms.

This can allow currents to flow between the wires and the substrate to which the strain gauge is glued, or between the two wires directly, introducing an error which competes with the current flowing through the strain gauge.

A semiconductor gauge usually has a larger gauge factor than a foil gauge.

Measuring Strain With Strain Gages

You can measure strain using several methods, but the most common is with a strain gage.

A strain gage’s electrical resistance varies in proportion to the amount of strain in the device.

The most widely used strain gage is the bonded metallic strain gage.

The strain experienced by the test specimen is transferred directly to the strain gage, which responds with a linear change in electrical resistance.

The GF for metallic strain gages is usually around 2.

Strain gages are configured in Wheatstone bridge circuits to detect small changes in resistance.

If you replace R4 in Figure 4 with an active strain gage, any changes in the strain gage resistance unbalance the bridge and produce a nonzero output voltage that is a function of strain.

Status 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 Alginic Acid Historic Use: The National Organic Standards Board voted in April 1995 to allow alginic acid as a nonsynthetic material for use in organic food processing, and alginic acid was included in the USDA organic regulations published in December 2000.

The calcium salt of alginic acid, the most abundant alginate salt in brown seaweed species, is represented as Ca(Alg)2, the sodium cation as Na+, and mineral acid as H+: Alkali treatment of seaweed without acid pre-treatment: Ca(Alg)2 + 2Na+2NaAlg + Ca+ When acid pre-treatment of seaweed is used: Ca(Alg)2 + 2H+2HAlg + Ca2+ Alkali treatment following acid pre-treatment: HAlg + Na+ NaAlg + H+ A formalin treatment can be used following acid demineralization to further remove phenolic compounds that cause the dark color of the substance, and which might otherwise interfere with subsequent alkali treatments.

A secondary production method for producing alginic acid uses one less production step than the calcium alginate process, yielding an alginic acid product that is far more difficult to handle and resulting in a loss of overall alginic acid yield.

Large scale, industrial production of alginic acid currently uses marine sources February 5, 2015 Page 5 of 15 Technical Evaluation Report Alginic Acid Handling/Processing 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 whose chemical components, such as the amounts of mannuronic and guluronic acid blocks, vary depending on specific seaweed species and season, and require extensive post-harvest processing.

Alginic acid is manufactured on an industrial scale through a chemical separation process that involves the maceration, alkali treatment and acid precipitation of alginic acid from brown seaweeds.

Since alginic acid is present in seaweeds in its calcium, sodium, magnesium or other salt forms, and not in the free acid form, it is clear that the free acid form does not appear in nature.

Certified organic # of product Sources Gum Arabic 4 Guar gum 6 Inulin 31 Locust bean gum 3 February 5, 2015 Page 9 of 15 Technical Evaluation Report 456 457 458 459 Alginic Acid Handling/Processing While from a regulatory standpoint it is clear that these certified organic hydrocolloids can be used in place of alginic acid, it is unknown from an industry perspective whether these materials would be used in practice as an alternative to alginic acid.

ScienceDirect Topics

Generally, two ways are used to prepare alginate nanoparticles, that is, complexation method occurring in bulk solution or in the surface, with cross-linking agents involved; and emulsification technique in combination with gelation of alginate emulsion droplet.

The G residues of alginate chain become folded and stacked under the bond interaction, which causes the structure transformation of adjacent alginate chains from random coils to ordered ribbon-like structure.

The M component has immunogenic property [22, 23], and it may evoke immune reactions if the M content in the alginate is more than 85%. Some studies had modified alginate with epimerases to transform M block into G block, which transformed the microcapsule to be more elastic and compact, less permeable, more stable under physiological conditions [24, 25], and better biocompatible.

The modifications of the alginate matrix have shown many advantages over the basic alginate, for example, the microcapsule prepared by modified alginate with covalently conjugated oligopeptides of a sequence of RGD can improve muscle regeneration after implanted in mice while compared to the nonmodified one [28-30]. The C2C12 skeletal myoblasts grown in RGD-modified alginate hydrogel display improved adhesion and proliferation, and the cells have fused into fibrils and expressed differentiation markers.

Have achieved a low-molecular-weight alginate by H2O2 treatment, and the treated alginate led to a decrease of the chain length and the formation of aldehyde groups being by reducing the end of C-1.

The cross-linked alginate scaffold prepared with the obtained alginate showed faster degradation rate than that from the unmodified alginate, which was due to the lower molecular weight of oxidized alginate and the formed aldehyde groups being susceptible to hydrolysis.

Alginate can form strong hydrogels in the presence of divalent cations that interact with the carboxylic groups present in the alginate backbone to form ionic crosslinks.

Alginic Acid

Sodium alginate is used in many industries including food, animal food, fertilisers, textile printing, and pharmaceuticals.

Most brown seaweed used for alginates are gathered from the wild, with the exception of Laminaria japonica, which is cultivated in China for food and its surplus material is diverted to the alginate industry in China.

Alginates from different species of brown seaweed vary in their chemical structure resulting in different physical properties of alginates.

Some species yield an alginate that gives a strong gel, another a weaker gel, some may produce a cream or white alginate, while others are difficult to gel and are best used for technical applications where color does not matter.

Potassium alginate is the potassium salt of alginic acid.

Calcium alginate, is made from sodium alginate from which the sodium ion has been removed and replaced with calcium.

The manufacturing process used to extract sodium alginates from brown seaweed fall into two categories: 1) calcium alginate method and, 2) alginic acid method.

Structures, Properties And Application Of Alginic Acid: A Review

Alginic acid is a natural polysaccharide, which has been widely concerned and applied due to its excellent water solubility, film formation, biodegradability and biocompatibility.

This paper briefly describes the source, properties, structure and application of sodium alginate by summarizing and analyzing the current literature.

This paper reviews the application of sodium alginate in the fields of food industry, catalyst, health, water treatment, packaging, immobilized cells, and looks forward to its application prospects.

Brand Name List From Drugs.Com

Important: The information below refers to products available in the United States that contain alginic acid.

Product(s) containing alginic acid:Multi-ingredient medications containing alginic acid:alginic acid/aluminum hydroxide/magnesium carbonate systemic.

Alginic acid/aluminum hydroxide/magnesium trisilicate systemic.

Further informationAlways consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Alginic Acid: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345..

ScienceDirect Topics

13 Designed for moderately to heavily exudating wounds, they are highly absorbent, have mild hemostatic properties, reduce bacterial infections, and can stay on the wound bed for days.13,16,27 Alginates have been used in combination with silicone dressings for post-surgical wound care of surgically deroofed HS cysts and sinuses,28 as well as for Skin Tissue-Sparing Excision with Electrosurgical Peeling procedures for patients in advanced stages of HS.29 Alginate dressings tend to fall apart faster than other dressings, which may present a significant limitation in use for primary HS lesions, as parts of the dressing may lodge in sinuses.

If you find that not all the alginate has gelled, you are either changing the dressing too soon or the wound is not draining enough to warrant an alginate dressing.

Calcium alginate dressings are used on moderate to heavily exudative wounds during the transition from debridement to repair phase of wound healing.

Some dressing have the potential to activate human macrophages to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines within the chronic wound bed that is hypothesized to generate a pro-inflammatory signal which may initiate a stalled inflammatory phase of wound healing in chronic wounds.

In some, alginate dressings are incorporated with nanocrystalline silver, e.g. Suprasorb A, and Acticoat Absorbent with SILCRYST.Alginate dressings are widely used in the treatment of exuding wounds.

Cross-linked alginate dressingsNon-woven calcium alginate fiber dressings have been used on deep skin wounds.

In experiments using pigs, cross-linked alginate gel showed a significantly higher wound closure rate in a full-thickness wound than Kalto-stat and Sorbsan.

What Is An Alginate Dressing?

Biodegradable alginate dressings made from seaweed date back at least fifty years and commercially available alginate has been available since 1983.

Early use of alginate dressing consisted of fibers of calcium alginate formed into a loose fleece.

Some products are self-adhesive but an appropriate secondary dressing is often used to keep the alginate in place and contain excess exudate.

G-rich alginate dressings are easy to remove intact, while M-rich alginate dressings tend to dissolve, although they can be removed with irrigation using saline.

With sloughy wounds that also produce exudate, the alginate dressing provides a moist cover to prevent the wound from drying out and allowing the wound to heal more quickly.

Alginate dressing is not an appropriate treatment for a wound that is bleeding heavily, or for wounds that are dry or have minimal exudate.

While not as well-known as some other dressing types, alginate dressing has properties which make it a good choice for a variety of wound types, especially wounds requiring absorbent dressing.

Alginate In Wound Dressings

Cowan L., Stechmiller J., Phillips P., Schultz G. Science of wound healing: Translation of bench science into advances for chronic wound care.

Yu W., Jiang Y.Y., Sun T.W., Qi C., Zhao H., Chen F., Shi Z., Zhu Y.J., Chen D., He Y. Design of a novel wound dressing consisting of alginate hydrogel and simvastatin-incorporated mesoporous hydroxyapatite microspheres for cutaneous wound healing.

Hydrogel blends of chitin/chitosan, fucoidan and alginate as healing-impaired wound dressings.

Li S., Li L., Guo C., Qin H., Yu X. A promising wound dressing material with excellent cytocompatibility and proangiogenesis action for wound healing: Strontium loaded Silk fibroin/Sodium alginate blend films.

Üstündağ G.C., Özbek S., Karaca E., Çavuşoğlu İ. In vivo evaluation of electrospun poly/sodium alginate nanofibrous mat as wound dressing.

Coşkun G., Karaca E., Ozyurtlu M., Özbek S., Yermezler A., Çavuşoğlu İ. Histological evaluation of wound healing performance of electrospun poly/sodium alginate as wound dressing in vivo.

Fu R., Li C., Yu C., Xie H., Shi S., Li Z., Wang Q., Lu L. A novel electrospun membrane based on moxifloxacin hydrochloride/poly/sodium alginate for antibacterial wound dressings in practical application.

Alginate Dressings

Absorbs up to 20 times its own weight in wound exudate.

Maintains its integrity, does not dissipate in the wound.

A unique two-in-one solution for exuding chronic wounds.

Works in the presence of wound fluid, blood, and tissue.

Releases silver ions in the presence of wound exudate.

Designed for use on lightly exudating to dry wounds.

Compatible with silver dressings and wound cleanser surfactants.

Calcium Alginate Dressings For Wound Care

Calcium Alginate Dressings are a strong, versatile, and natural wound care dressing typically applied to diabetic wounds, venous wounds, full-thickness burns, split-thickness graft donor sites, pressure ulcers, cavity wounds, and chronic ulcers.

They can also be used on dry wounds when combined with a sterile saline solution.

Made from natural alginate fibers derived from brown seaweed, Calcium Alginate Dressings release calcium salts of alginic, mannuronic, and gularonic acids that, when combined with the sodium-rich fluids found in wounds, creates a reaction resulting in the formation of a soluble sodium gel.

This natural gel helps to speed up the healing of the wound in promoting the wound’s autolytic debridement, while also absorbing excess fluid.

Vitality Medical carries a wide selection of Calcium Alginate Dressings at some of the best prices around.

What Is Alginate Dressing?

An alginate dressing is a wound dressing which contains alginate fibers derived from seaweed.

Calcium ions on the dressing are swapped for sodium ions in the material which seeps from the wound, allowing the alginate to swell and slowly turn gel-like over time.

The alginate dressing is an occlusive dressing, intended to cover the whole wound.

These dressings are designed for wet wounds, and they must be covered with a second dressing which will keep the alginate dressing and underlying wound moist.

As wounds start to dry off, or when the wrong dressing is used to secure the alginate dressing, the dressing can adhere to the wound, causing discomfort.

Companies produce alginate dressing in the form of sheets which can be applied to wounds as occlusive dressings as well as ropes which can be coiled and packed into deeper wounds.

There are a number of different brands of alginate dressing available.

Alginate Dressing

An alginate dressing is a natural wound dressing derived from carbohydrate sources released by clinical bacterial species, in the same manner as biofilm formation.

The alginate will form a gel in contact with the exudates of the wound and give it a strong absorbent power.

Once in contact with an exuding wound, an ion-exchange reaction takes place between the calcium ions in the dressing and sodium ions in serum or wound fluid.

The clotting mechanisms during the first stage of wound healing may be improved by calcium alginate.

Alginate dressings are useful for moderate to heavily exuding wounds.

In the form of fibres trapped in a wound, alginate is readily biodegradable and can be rinsed away with saline irrigation.

Since alginate dressings require moisture to function effectively, they cannot be used for dry wounds and those covered with hard necrotic tissue.

Disposable Plastic Drinking Straws

Colossal sized straws perfect for extra thick drinks or pulps like milkshakes, smoothies, fruit pulped drinks, bubble teas, iced cocktails or frozen coffees.

They have a 0.425″ diameter and extra length of 10″ for big cups, mugs, flasks and thermos.

Bulk Straws: Plastic & Paper Drinking Straws Wholesale

Plastic straws are essential items for any business that wants to serve drinks without the risk of customers spilling them.

These drinking straws come in a variety of different sizes, colors, and styles, and a number of them are designed for specific purposes like working with school milk containers.

To make sure your customers can enjoy their drinks, whether you serve soft drinks, liquor, or slushies, be sure to provide them with the right straws.

These plastic straws come in jumbo, giant, and colossal sizes that are great for thicker drinks like smoothies, milkshakes, or frozen coffees.

Some straws are made specifically to have bold colors so they’ll stand out and draw attention to your beverages, while others come in traditional white that’s great for casual diners and restaurants.

Choose from flexible straws or ones that come with convenient spoons on the bottom to help guests enjoy thicker beverages.

Some of our drinking straws are individually wrapped to make sure they remain clean and sanitary as they wait to be picked up, and others are unwrapped, making them ideal for keeping behind the bar.

Drinking Straw

The oldest drinking straw in existence, found in a Sumerian tomb dated 3,000 BCE, was a gold tube inlaid with the precious blue stone lapis lazuli.

American Marvin C. Stone patented the modern drinking straw, 8 1/2 inches long and made of paper, in 1888, to address the shortcomings of the rye grass straw.

In 1930, Otto W. Dieffenbach developed and produced a cellophane drinking straw in Baltimore MD. His company known as Glassips Inc. produced straws for restaurants and other products.

Dinhofer originally patented his straw in the shape of a scissor with two loops on top, but Macy’s would not carry the straw unless it had a character on it.

This straw has a concertina-type hinge near its top to allow for improved maneuverability of the straw when drinking a beverage, especially from a low angle.

Flavor straws are a form of drinking straw with a flavoring included, designed to make drinking milk more pleasant for children.

Plastic drinking straw production contributes a small amount to petroleum consumption, and the used straws become a small part of global plastic pollution when discarded, most after a single use.

Is Drinking Through A Straw Better Or Worse For Your Health?

Drinking through a straw may have more drawbacks than benefits.

Drinking through a straw may be ideal when consuming a canned beverage.

Drinking with a straw is also more hygienic at restaurants.

Although drinking with a straw has some benefits, it also has potential downsides.

Many people think drinking alcohol with a straw will get you drunk faster.

Drinking through a straw can contribute to lip wrinkles, bloating, cavities, and teeth staining.

If you must drink through a straw, consider using a reusable straw to reduce plastic waste.

Lemelson Center For The Study Of Invention And Innovation

Stone, a manufacturer of paper cigarette holders, was drinking with friends, using the traditional natural rye grass straw.

Dissatisfied with the way straws would break down and leave a gritty residue in the drink, Stone fashioned his first straw by winding strips of paper around a pencil, removing the pencil, and gluing the strips together.

One day in the 1930s, while sitting in his brother’s fountain parlor, the Varsity Sweet Shop, in San Francisco, Joseph B. Friedman watched his young daughter Judith at the counter struggling to drink a milkshake out of a straight paper straw.

Friedman, an inventor with a natural curiosity and a creative instinct, took the straw and inserted a screw.

In 1939, Friedman formed the Flexible Straw Corporation, later named Flex-Straw Company, and by the late 1940s he began producing the straws with machinery he created.

Exceptional resources include a business card with a drawing of and notes for a “Nail-tire-detector,” dated March 23, 1947; Friedman’s cartoon drawings of advertising ideas for the Flex-Straw, including one with the memorable phrase, “The straw of your life”; and several doodles of the Flex-Straw created in the margins of a 1948 pinup-girl calendar.

She refers to the invention as “The family icon.” Leeds also collects Flex-Straw related pieces, including a six-foot tall sculpture made from cast straws, a bronze Styrofoam cup with matching Flex-Straw, and a bronze Christmas tree with a Flex-Straw serving as its trunk.

7 Dangers Of Drinking From A Straw

Many of us were first introduced to drinking straws at a young age, thanks to juice boxes.

As an obvious fan of straws, it was surprising and frankly tough for me to realize that the costs of sipping from a straw outweigh the benefits.

For me, drinking from a straw has become somewhat of a habit.

Celebrity esthetician Renée Roleau explained to Marie Claire that, “When drinking out of a straw, the movement of the mouth area that you have to make will encourage the breakdown of collagen and elasticity more quickly, causing unnecessary wrinkles and lines.”

We can all think of a time when our drinking straw was actually more full of air than a drink.

WebMD cites avoiding drinking through a straw as a way to prevent swallowing excess air that causes gas.

Drinking from a straw is supposed to prevent cavities, but it may backfire in many cases.

How To Teach Straw Drinking

Not only is a shorter straw easier to handle, but it also takes less strength for a child to suck liquid from a shorter straw.

Place the tip of your pointer finger over the top of the straw to keep the liquid in the straw.

Remove the straw from the cup, keeping the top of the straw covered with your fingertip.

Once the child comprehends the idea of getting liquid from a straw, instruct him/her to close his or her lips around the straw.

Stretching the lips prior to straw drinking may help as well.

Once the child is able to close his/her lips around the straw with ease, it is time to work on sucking liquid from the straw.

Place the straw just inside the mouth without releasing your fingertip from the top of the straw.

Telefónica IoT Home

LinkedIn Live – Towards a more sustainable and smart Agriculture: Vertical Farming Agriculture 4.0 is synonymous with efficient agricultural exploitation coexisting sensorization, connectivity, data analysis and traceability, but also changing the way we physically cultivate.

Within Smart Agro at Telefónica Tech, we incorporate Vertical Green solutions for high-density vertical crops based on RHPA aeroponics technology, allowing a new dimension of digitally controlled indoor crops with remote access.

Do not miss on May 20 at 4:00 p.m. this LinkedIn Live in which we will talk with industry experts about agriculture 4.0, efficient farming, sensorization, connectivity, data analysis and traceability.

Telefónica

Following the purchase, Telefónica merged Telefónica Deutschland and O2 Germany to form the current business Telefónica Germany.

Telefónica owns Telefónica Chile, formerly CTC which is the biggest fixed-line operator and internet service provider in the country.

Telefónica started its operations in Panama in 2004 as Telefónica acquired 100% of Bellsouth Panama.

In 2011, the company was renamed Telefónica Czech Republic and in 2013, it was announced that Telefónica would sell its stake in the company to PPF. Under the terms of the sale, the company was allowed to continue to trade under the O2 brand for a maximum of four years.

After acquiring 100% of Paysandú S.A., Telefónica started its operations in Guatemala 1998 as Telefónica Movistar and just Telefónica for landlines.

Firefox Hello is powered by Telefónica and was also co-developed by Telefónica.

In September 2017, Nokia and Telefónica signed an agreement in order to evaluate technologies enabling an efficient network evolution to 5G in line with Telefónica’s business objectives.

Telefonica Global Solutions USA

Geographically distributed across the USA with sales representatives and commercial offices in Miami, San Francisco and Puerto Rico, we support both US and non-US corporations, acting as a gateway to Europe and Latin America.

As part of Telefonica Group and with a leadership position across the Americas and Europe, we ensure that you have the services you need, where you need them.

Our largest commercial presence in the USA is in Miami, Florida, where we operate the Miami KeyCenter™, only TIER III Data Center in South Florida providing best in class Cloud and Security services.

We have a comprehensive digital services portfolio which can empower your business to achieve its strategic objectives, however ambitious.

Flexible: Offering tailored solutions to meet customer needs.

Agile: Fast, effective delivery, at a pace that suits your business.

Excellent: Placing the customer at the heart of our business through service excellence.

Telefónica Tech

Telefónica Tech provides a differential value proposal.

Telefónica Tech has a proven track record of advising clients, designing solutions that scale and building those solutions.

The global capabilities of Telefónica Tech in IoT, AI and Blockchain transform data.

Telefónica Tech Ventures is the Venture Capital global Vehicle for Cyber Security, in order to invest in the best Cyber Security Startups and develop new business together.

GO TO TECH VENTURES. “With the evolution of threats, we need a solid security strategy supported by the right partner, to proactively detect and response even faster. That is how Telefónica came into Havas! We have chosen Telefónica for its deep expertise in cyber security, as it truly ensures and guarantees our clients cyber security globally.”

Transformation Director at ASTI. “Telefónica offers a very strong global WAN services offering. Telefónica has created Telefónica Tech reflecting the strong requirements and market trends towards a merged value proposition, including cloud networking solutions.”

PRESS RELEASE. Telefónica Tech partners with Polygon to develop Web3 solutions.

Overview, Origin, Current State

The telecommunications industry is made up of cable companies, internet service providers, satellite companies, and telephone companies.

The industry’s origin can be traced to postal courier services.

The computer industry is closely connected to the telephone industry.

A majority of the industry players focus on data services, high-resolution audio and video, and increased connectivity.

Newer additions to the telecommunications industry are companies that are into Voice over Internet Protocol services.

The demand for the services of the industry is growing day by day, which opens up many opportunities for investors.

The telecommunication industry comps template allows investors to compare one telecommunication company to other ones in the same industry.

Telecommunications Industry

Competition in the local loop is clearly a major driver in today’s telecommunications industry.

The three activities to be discussed here have been selected because they illustrate the interplay between technology, regulation, and customer demand that is shaping-and will continue to shape-the telecommunications industry.

Telecommunications IndustryIn the telecommunications industry.

The first approach emphasizes the presence of human resources: given that high-tech industry requires a professional labor force, it can be expected that regions with good universities, corporate R&D centers, or features attractive to a highly skilled workforce would be favored locations for high-tech industry.

CONCLUSIONThe history of competition and regulation in the telecommunications industry.

1.11 STRUCTURAL CHANGESWith these technological and legal changes, the telecommunications industry.

A recent study of M&As in the US telecommunications industry.

Telecommunications Industry: Career, Outlook And Education Information

The telecommunications industry is divided into four main sectors: wired, wireless, satellite, and other telecommunications establishments.

The largest sector of the telecommunications industry continues to be made up of wired telecommunications carriers.

Other sectors in the telecommunications industry include telecommunications resellers, as well as operators of other communication services ranging from radar stations to radio networks used by taxicab companies.

Telecommunications craft workers install, repair, and maintain telephone equipment, cables and access lines, and telecommunications systems.

Despite increasing demand for telecommunications services, employment in the telecommunications industry is expected to decline.

Average weekly earnings of nonsupervisory workers in the telecommunications industry were $1,038 in 2008, significantly higher than average earnings of $608 in private industry.

Median hourly wages of the largest occupations in telecommunications, May 2008 Occupation Telecommunications All industries Computer software engineers, systems software Electronics engineers, except computer Network systems and data communications analysts Business operations specialists, all other Network and computer systems administrators Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers Telecommunications line installers and repairers Sales representatives, services, all other Customer service representatives Retail salespersons.

What Is The Telecommunications Sector?

The largest companies in the sector are telephone operators, satellite companies, cable companies, and Internet service providers.

The telecommunications sector consists of three basic sub-sectors: telecom equipment, telecom services, and wireless communication.

The need for telecommunications services, an integral part of the global economy, persists regardless of changes in the business cycle.

Deutsche Telekom AG is a Germany-based provider of telecommunications and information technology services.

T-Mobile US Inc. is a major U.S. wireless carrier offering various data plans as well as consumer and business telecommunications services.

The iShares U.S. Telecommunications ETF, similar in holdings to Vanguard’s Telecommunication Services ETF, also tracks the largest telecom service companies in the U.S.-T-Mobile, AT&T, and Verizon-along with a handful of smaller regional service providers.

The continuing advances in high-speed mobile services and Internet connectivity between devices keep driving innovation and competition within the sector.

Telecommunications Industry

The telecommunications industries within the sector of information and communication technology is made up of all telecommunications/telephone companies and internet service providers and plays the crucial role in the evolution of mobile communications and the information society.

The telecom sector continues to be at the epicenter for growth, innovation, and disruption for virtually any industry.

Think of telecommunications as the world’s biggest machine.

Insight Research projected that telecommunications services revenue worldwide would grow from $2.2 trillion in 2015 to $2.4 trillion in 2019.

Around 24,800 M&A deals have been conducted in the Telecommunication Industry with either the acquirer or the target company coming from the Telecommunications sector.

USD have been spent on M&A between 1985 and 2018 in this industry.

The telecommunications sector has seen a large increase in the recent years.

Telecommunications Industry Solutions

The demo showcases that beyond pure voice calling, there are rich PSTN telephony capabilities available inside of Teams, including Operator Connect, which helps bring existing phone numbers from your telephone service operator of choice into Teams.

Discover the breadth of services that make up Azure for Operators voice core and explore a directional preview of future offerings.

Modernize the mobile network-Microsoft Azure Operator 5G core.

Learn how Azure Operator 5G Core can enable operators to achieve carrier-grade scalability and security, faster service creation, and reduced operational costs through a fully hosted and managed 5G mobile core.

Enhance application performance at the operator edge-Microsoft Azure public MEC. Learn how Azure public MEC enables enterprise customers to build a live-streamed shopping experience with the Summit Tech Odience platform and AT&T’s 5G mobility network.

Live video inferencing from NVIDIA using an Azure Private 5G Core on an Azure multi-access edge compute infrastructure can deliver on that promise.

AI Platform for IoT. Learn how to use Azure Edge AI to do object detection, shelf analytics, vehicle analytics, and anomaly detection.

What Is The Telecommunications Industry?

The telecommunications industry is the global business of supplying electronics and technologies to allow people to communicate with one another.

The main tools typically used in this industry are telephones, radios, televisions, computers, and related networks.

The telephone is a telecommunications device that typically allows voice communications between people.

For the most part, analog telephones, also known as land lines, have been the standard in the telecommunications industry.

Digital telephony, also called voice over Internet protocol, is becoming a major part of the telecommunications industry.

The Internet is a global network of computers that communicate with one another through a standard code, or language, called internet protocol.

The Internet has, in many ways, become a dominant force in the telecommunications industry.

NTT Communications Official English Website

Re-connect X Our new strategy.

Smart Data Platform Smart Data Platform to support DX initiatives of enterprises.

NTT Communications

In 1996, several new policies were issued for Telecommunications Law, and as a result of this policy changing NTT Communications Corporation was established in July 1999., and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation has served as a parent company, controlling NTT Communications which responsible for long-distance and worldwide telephone services and two other local telecom companies since then.

In December 2003, NTT Communications decided to take over operations from a major data communications services provider; Crosswave Communications Inc. which failed for bankruptcy.

In October 2013 it merged Frontline Systems with NTT Australia to form NTT ICT. On 17 July 2013, the world’s first 100Gbit/s Ethernet technology on a cable system linking Japan and the United States was deployed by NTT Com, and the technology could enhance the design capacity of the company’s system by 2.5 times.

NTT West Corporation: Generally, NTT West Corporation offers similar services with NTT East Corporation, however in the other area.

NTT Data: NTT Group established a firm about data communication bureau in 1967 which is now known as NTT DATA Corporation and currently, the firm offers its services in both Japan and overseas.

In June 2015, NTT Com’s subsidiary NTT Communications India Private Limited built two more new branch offices in Ahmedabad and Guiarat in order to deliver its customers ICT solutions.

In the 2010s, both NTT Communications and a worldwide collaboration services provider “Arkadin” have determined to expand their partnership for the sake of offering video conferencing to Japanese organizations and businesses, especially for those are multinational clients based in the country, since NTT Communications has believed that the ability of Arkadin’s video conferencing services based on cloud platform would allow the company to deliver customers their high quality video experiences with the HD video image and simple one-click access from any internet connected devices, such as laptop and mobile phone.

Meet Our Leadership Team

Abhijit is Global Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Executive Officer, Europe, for NTT Ltd. He has overall responsibility for ensuring we remain deeply relevant for our clients and bringing technology closer to their business strategies and operations, as well as running a purpose-led, performance driven and profitable business.

He has advised technology companies, including NTT, for over 20 years on a range of challenges including strategy, Go-to-Market transformation, product and software development, delivery excellence, organizational effectiveness, M&A and post-merger integration.

With a strong track record in helping elevate the performance and profitability of his clients, Abhijit has experience across all areas of our business including telecommunications, data centers, end user systems, enterprise software and IT services.

During his tenure with McKinsey, Abhijit has also led the North America Software practice and the global cloud computing practice, which he founded.

Prior to McKinsey, Abhijit worked at Schlumberger as a Senior Field Engineer in the Oilfield Services business in North Africa.

Abhijit is based in London with his wife and two children.

In his spare time, Abhijit enjoys travelling with his family, cooking, reading, watching movies and playing board games.

Nebraska Technology & Telecommunications

Nebraska Technology & Telecommunications, Inc. can offer the same services as your current phone company at competitive pricing.

We can do this without changing your number, dial tone or connectivity.

Data Center Investment Tracker Report, 4Q21: Explosion Of Capex And New Capital In 2021 Puts Data Center Sector On Track For Growth In 2022

The “Data Center Investment Tracker: 4Q21” report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com’s offering.

Vendors are creating new products and customizing old ones in order to cater to the data center.

Footprint: A summary of the data center footprint, energy usage, and major projects underway of all key webscale and carrier-neutral network operators, and a few large telcos with data center holdings.

Capex: Capital expenditures recorded from 1Q11-3Q21 by the big spenders driving the data center market – webscale and carrier-neutral operators.

Asset management: Mini-profiles of 30 asset management companies with active interests in data centers, summarizing their approach to data center investment, major holdings, and recent developments.

Mergers & acquisitions: Focusing on the last two years, the tracker provides a summary of 60 significant M&A transactions involving the data center market.

Capex data is through the September 2021 reporting period, as 4Q21 figures were only available for a handful of companies when this report was finalized.

Information Technology Jobs In Vancouver, British Columbia

Vancouver, The Rain City, is a British Columbian city located in the Lower Mainland region and is home to over 600 thousand Vancouverites.

Its main industries-among others-are in maritime trade, tourism, and film.

Possible jobs available in this city are marine engineers, structural welders, and travel agents, among many more.

Verizon: Wireless, Internet, TV And Phone Services

99 device payment purchase w/ new smartphone line on 5G Get More plan per phone req’d.

Up to $1,000 Virtual Prepaid Mastercard per phone w/ port-in of 2 lines.

2nd phone Galaxy S22+: Less $1,000 promo credit applied over 36 mos; promo credit ends if eligibility req’s are no longer met; 0% APR. 15G Ultra Wideband available in select areas.

2nd phone Galaxy S22+: Less $1,000 promo credit applied over 36 mos; promo credit ends if eligibility req’s are no longer met; 0% APR..

Verizon Communications

Verizon Communications Inc., commonly known as Verizon, is an American multinational telecommunications conglomerate and a corporate component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

Bell Atlantic changed its name to Verizon Communications in June 2000, when the Federal Communications Commission approved the US$64.

Two months before the FCC gave final approval on the formation of Verizon Communications, Bell Atlantic formed Verizon Wireless in a joint venture with the British telecommunications company Vodafone in April 2000.

In September 2013, Verizon purchased the 45% stake in Verizon Wireless, previously owned by Vodafone, for $130 billion.

The deal closed on February 21, 2014, and became the third largest corporate deal ever signed, giving Verizon Communications sole ownership of Verizon Wireless.

The organization released internal memos and other documents stating that Verizon workers in Pennsylvania were being instructed to, in areas with network problems, migrate voice-only customers to VoiceLink, a system that delivers telephone service over the Verizon Wireless network, instead of repairing the copper lines.

The ads showed dramatized “Testimonials” of people with and without Verizon Wireless or Verizon Fios services.

Verizon CEO Sees Strong Growth Ahead, Says Growing Dividend Is Still A Top Priority

Verizon has “More growth opportunity than we’ve ever had before,” CEO Hans Vestberg told CNBC’s Jim Cramer on Thursday.

Verizon shares rose nearly 1% Thursday, closing at $54.66 apiece, to bring its year-to-date gains to 5.2%. Verizon Communications CEO Hans Vestberg painted an optimistic future picture Thursday, telling CNBC’s Jim Cramer the telecom giant has “More growth opportunity than we’ve ever had before.”

Vestberg’s comments in a “Mad Money” interview came after Verizon held an investor day earlier Thursday, during which it laid out its strategy for the years ahead. It’s targeting growth of at least 4% for service and other revenue in 2024.

Investors don’t look to telecommunications firms like Verizon for eye-popping revenue growth.

Verizon boasts a dividend yield of 4.7% based on Thursday’s close.

Cramer asked Vestberg whether the company’s emphasis on growth initiatives will hold back Verizon in further boosting its dividend payout.

The CEO said Verizon has a clear capital allocation strategy, with the top priority being reducing its capital intensity to under 12% in 2024.

Verizon Has Plans For Faster Growth. Stock Buybacks Are Coming Closer.

Verizon Communications could be poised to deliver faster growth in profits and revenue, making possible continued dividend increases and earlier share buybacks.

The pitch appeared to resonate with investors: Verizon stock was up modestly in midday trading on Thursday, while the S&P 500 was down 0.4%. “We’re here today to talk about a very different Verizon,” CEO Hans Vestberg began, speaking from a stage at a Manhattan event space overlooking the Hudson River and the World War II-era Intrepid aircraft carrier.

Verizon didn’t put a number on its expected profit growth Thursday, but said that adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization-or Ebitda-would increase “At or above revenue growth.” That means profit margins holding steady or expanding.

Verizon expects its C-Band 5G network to cover 175 million people in the U.S. by the end of 2022, a year earlier than its prior guidance and up from 100 million today.

Verizon sees its average revenue per consumer wireless account growing at more than 2% a year through 2025, executives said on Thursday.

Verizon stock has beaten the market so far in 2022, as volatile trading made its cheap valuation and stable telecom business more attractive.

Over the past two years Verizon stock has only returned 7% including dividends, while the S&P 500 has returned 51% and the Dow has added 36%. Write to Nicholas Jasinski at nicholas.

Bremer Bank National Association Cuts Stock Holdings In Verizon Communications Inc.

Bremer Bank National Association lowered its stake in shares of Verizon Communications Inc. by 9.4% during the fourth quarter, HoldingsChannel.com reports.

Bremer Bank National Association’s holdings in Verizon Communications were worth $648,000 at the end of the most recent quarter.

Lion Street Advisors LLC acquired a new stake in shares of Verizon Communications in the second quarter worth $25,000.

Carderock Capital Management Inc. acquired a new stake in shares of Verizon Communications in the third quarter worth $35,000.

Ten Capital Wealth Advisors LLC increased its position in shares of Verizon Communications by 45.9% in the third quarter.

Finally, Bell Investment Advisors Inc acquired a new stake in Verizon Communications during the 3rd quarter valued at $46,000.

EVP Craig L. Silliman sold 1,554 shares of Verizon Communications stock in a transaction that occurred on Thursday, December 16th. The stock was sold at an average price of $52.00, for a total transaction of $80,808.

Verizon Communications Accelerating Availability Of 5G Ultra Wideband Network To Expected 175M People By End-2022

Verizon Communications Inc. will consider buying back its own shares when debt leverage is on target as the company anticipates rising revenue as its market expands.

Matt Ellis, chief financial officer of the New York-based technology and communications services company, told investors Thursday share buybacks would be considered when Verizon reaches 2.25 times net unsecured debt to adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization ratio, which is slightly above a longer-term target range of 1.75 to 2 times.

The company said as it continues to expand its 5G network and grows its fixed-wireless coverage of households and businesses, with plans for new products and services, it expects to generate service and other revenue growth of about 3% this year, at least 3% next year and 4% in 2024 and beyond.

That growth, along with an expected reduction in capital intensity in 2024 after concluding the initial “C-Band” build, should drive fast expansion of free cash flow and a step down in leverage, Verizon said.

Verizon said it would expand the availability of its 5G Ultra Wideband network to an expected 175 million people by the end of 2022.

Chairman and Chief Executive Hans Vestberg said the company’s addressable market is expected to increase by an additional $120 billion over the next five years.

At Verizon’s investor day, the company said it has formed a strategic partnership with Meta Platforms Inc., formerly known as Facebook, that seeks to couple Verizon’s 5G Ultra Wideband network and edge compute capabilities with Meta’s technologies to understand requirements for metaverse applications.

Verizon Communications, Inc. is a holding company, which engages in the provision of communications, information, and entertainment products and services to consumers, businesses, and governmental agencies.

It operates through the Verizon Consumer Group and Verizon Business Group segments.

The Consumer segment provides consumer-focused wireless and wire line communications services and products.

The Business segment offers wireless and wire line communications services and products; video and data.

Services; corporate networking solutions; security and managed network services; local and long distance voice services; and network access to deliver various Internet of Things services and products.