Acrylic Acid

Acrylic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus.

Because acrylic acid and its esters have long been valued commercially, many other methods have been developed.

Carboxylating ethylene to acrylic acid under supercritical carbon dioxide condition is thermodynamically possible, but efficient catalysts have not been developed.

Acrylic acid undergoes the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid.

The most common alkyl esters of acrylic acid are methyl, butyl, ethyl, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.

Acrylic acid is used in many industries like the diaper industry, the water treatment industry or the textiles industry.

As a substituent acrylic acid can be found as an acyl group or a carboxyalkyl group, depending on the removal of the group from the molecule.

ScienceDirect Topics

At room temperature, acrylic acid is a liquid and has a characteristic acid and tart aroma.

Studies have suggested that acrylic acid poses some reproductive hazards; however, conflicting data exist regarding the genotoxicity of acrylic acid.

Most of the feedstock for producing the acrylic acid, the quantitative conversion to lactic acid would open a new market for renewable resources.

There are recent advances in the research and development of acrylic acid via the fermentation of renewable sources using microorganisms that ferment the 3-hydroxyproponic acid that is then dehydrated to from acrylic acid.

Acrylic acid is a liquid that freezes somewhat below room temperature, as does the more common acetic acid, the “Active” component of vinegar.

Post-reaction crosslinking of acrylic acid polymers is generally effected by esterification of the many available acid groups.

Reduction of-3-phenyl-2-butenoic acid with a neomenthyldiphenylphosphine-rhodium complex as catalyst was achieved in 61% ee, which showed that asymmetric hydrogenation of acrylic acids is a promising way to produce optically active carboxylic acids.

Acrylic Acid

Chemical intermediate for ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate; for other specialty acrylates, eg, hydroxyethyl; monomer for polyacrylic acid and salts, eg, thickeners; comonomer with acrylamide for polymers used as flocculants, with ethylene for ion exchange resin polymers, with methyl ester for polymers, eg, thickeners, for other copolymers, eg, with itatonic acid.

Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid at 1-15%, generally is required for a silicone-based hard /contact/ lens to maintain sufficient wettability …. Yu-Chin L et al; Contact Lenses.

Acrylic acid can form IPN /interpenetrating polymer network/ hydrogels with other natural or synthetic polymers.

Uses: Glacial acrylic acid is used in superabsorbent polymers, which account for 26% of the world market, as well as in polymers for detergents and polymer dispersions.

Glacial acrylic acid is used in superabsorbent polymers, which account for about 32% of world demand, and detergent polymers.

Crude acrylic acid is used captively and almost exclusively to make acrylates and other derivatives used in the paint, paper, textile, adhesives, speciality coatings and ink industries.

Glacial acrylic acid is used in superabsorbent polymers, whose largest use is in disposable baby diapers, and detergent polymers used in washing powder formulations.

Acrylic Acid 79-10-7 Hazard Summary Acrylic acid is used in the manufacture of plastics, paint formulations, and other products.

No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of acrylic acid in humans.

Health Hazard Information Acute Effects: Acrylic acid is a strong irritant to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes in humans.

Chronic Effects: Chronic Effects: Information on the chronic effects of acrylic acid in humans is not available.

EPA has medium confidence in the study on which the RfC was based because although it was well conducted and identified a lowest-observed-adverse-effect level for a mild occurrence of the most sensitive effect, a no-observed-adverse-effect level was not identified, a small number of animals were used, and there is limited description of the nasal lesion reported; medium confidence in the database due to lack of chronic inhalation data; and medium confidence in the RfC. The Reference Dose for acrylic acid is 0.5 milligrams per kilogram body weight per day based on reduced pup weights in rats.

EPA has high confidence in the principal studies on which the RfD is based because a sufficient number of animals were used and all relevant endpoints were reported thoroughly; high confidence in the database because it contains two developmental studies and two chronic studies of good quality, all of which are consistent in identifying the critical effect; and consequently high confidence in the RfD. Reproductive/Developmental Effects: No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of acrylic acid in humans.

Cancer Risk: No information is available on the carcinogenic effects of acrylic acid in humans.

Occupational Safety And Health Administration

Acroleic acid; acrylic acid, inhibited; aqueous acrylic acid; ethylenecarboxylic acid; glacial acrylic acid; 2-propenoic acid.

Physical Properties Physical Properties Physical description Colorless liquid or solid with a distinctive, acrid odor.

Boiling point 286°F Molecular weight 72.1 Freezing point/melting point 55°F Vapor pressure 3 mmHg Flash point 121°F Vapor density Specific gravity 1.05 Ionization potential Lower explosive limit 2.4% Upper explosive limit 8.02% NFPA health rating 3 NFPA fire rating 2 NFPA reactivity rating 2 NFPA special instruction Vapor hazard ratio Historical exceedance percentage Target organs Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA Analyte code 0117 Sampling group Sampler/Sampling media 2 Anasorb 708 tubes in series Sampling time*.

Sampling volume* Sampling flow rate* Analytical method instruments LC-UV Method reference OSHA PV2005 Notes Special requirements.

All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers, please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Black, K.A., Beskitt, J.L., Finch, L., Tallant, M.J., Udinsky, J.R. and Frantz, S.W. Disposition and metabolism of acrylic acid in C3H mice and Fischer 344 rats after oral and cutaneous administration.

Glacial Acrylic Acid

Acrylic acid will undergo the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid, as well as reactions of the double bond similar to those of the acrylate esters.

Acrylate esters, both mono- and multifunctional, are generally prepared from acrylic acid.

Crosslinking sites, acid group reacts readily with alcohols, acrylates and styrenics.

Hardness, wet and dry adhesion and abrasion resistance are also properties of GAA copolymers.

No Safety Data Sheets are available online for this material Please Contact Dow for additional information.

No Food Contact Letters are available online for this material Please Contact Dow for additional information.

Glacial Acrylic Acid Please Contact Dow for distribution options available for this product.

Changes To Our Organizational Structure To Promote Our Three Transformations

As part of our long-term vision “TechnoAmenity for the future”, our company promotes three transformations: business transformation, strategic transformation of environmental initiatives and organizational transformation.

Within the Innovation & Business Development division, the three departments consisting of the New Business Development Department, the New Business Commercialization Project and the Green Innovation Deprtment will implement initiatives across the company to create new businesses and quickly lead to commercialization.

The Health & Medical Business Division and the Cosmetics Business Division are organized at the divisional level, in order to further accelerate large-scale commercialization.

Changes in the Organization of Enterprise Sector PlanningOur company will make the following changes to our business line planning organization to transform our portfolio content from existing areas into areas for growth.

Creation of a new Business Planning DivisionA new business planning division will be created to expand our solutions business and strengthen our materials business.

Three departments including Business Strategy Planning Department, Group Management and Project Planning Department and Marketing Strategy Department will be established under this division.

Creation of business planning and development departments in solution divisionsTo further strengthen the planning, development and marketing functions of our Solutions business, Business Planning & Development departments will be established within the Industrial & Household Solutions division and the Energy & Electronics Solutions division, respectively.

November 5th, 2020 Aiming to Spread Used Disposable Diaper Recycling Systems – Developed New Recycling Technology for Superabsorbent Polymers NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD., LiveDo Corporation, and Total Care System are jointly developing a variety of various technologies to promote the spread of systems that recycle disposable diapers, the use of which continues to increase.

Total Care System was the first in Japan to build a recycling system for used disposable diapers, one of the few in the world, and it has been in business for 15 years.

Nippon Shokubai, which has the world’s largest market share of SAPs, joined the initiative in November 2018 to explore recycling technologies for SAPs, which had remained a challenge, and succeeded in developing new recycling technologies through joint research by three companies: major disposable diaper manufacturer LiveDo Corporation and Total Care System.

Based on research by Nippon Shokubai in 2019 1 / 4 Recycling of used disposable diapers Used Disposable diaper Recycled SAPs etc The recycling process for used disposable diapers used to face the challenge that SAPs, which would be swollen from absorbing urine, reduced the recovery rate of paper pulp, or even if SAPs were recovered, they were difficult to reuse because of the significant decrease in performance.

In addition to raising these technologies to a practical level, the three companies, which are a raw material manufacturer, a disposable diaper manufacturer, and a recycling business, plan to work together to develop and commercialize materials and products that are easy to recycle and new recycling technology for used disposable diapers.

Roles of the three companies Nippon Shokubai Development of materials that are easy to recycle and related processing technologies LiveDo Corporation Development of disposable diapers that are easy to recycle and related processing technologies Total Care System Examination and development of facilities and processing conditions suitable for recycling 2 / 4 About NIPPON SHOKUBAI Co., Ltd.: Since 1941, Nippon Shokubai has grown up its business with unique catalyst technology.

Jp About Total Care System: The company constructed the Love Forest Omuta Plant to recycle disposable diapers through the water solubilization process in Omuta Eco-Town in Fukuoka, Japan, in 2004.

Shareholders Board Members Managers And Company Profile

NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD. is engaged in the manufacture and sale of chemicals.

The Basic Chemical segment manufactures and sells acrylic acid, acrylic acid ester, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, ethanolamine, and glycol ethers.

The Functional Chemical segment is involved in the manufacture and sale of water-absorbing resins, medical intermediates, polymers for concrete admixtures, electronic information materials, iodine, maleic anhydrides, adhesives, resins for coating materials, resin molding products and processed adhesive products.

The Environmental and Catalytic segment manufactures and sells automobile catalysts, nitrogen oxide removal catalysts, process catalysts and others.

Wikipédia, A Enciclopédia Livre

Casado com Christiani Prisco Leal Ferreira, tem um casal de filhos e dois netos.

Incorporou Marinha em janeiro de 1971, na Escola Naval, foi declarado guarda-marinha em 13 de dezembro de 1974 e promovido contra-almirante em 31 de março de 2004.

Ao longo de sua carreira permaneceu embarcado por mais de 16 anos e possui cerca de 1300 dias de mar.

No dia 6 de fevereiro de 2015, assumiu o comando da Marinha do Brasil.

Em 9 de janeiro de 2019, ele passou o Comando da Marinha do Brasil para o Almirante de Esquadra Ilques Barbosa Junior.

No dia 14 de janeiro de 2019, foi anunciado que ele irá presidir o Conselho de Administração da Petrobras.

Chefe Do Conselho Da Petrobras Deixará O Cargo Para Se Dedicar À Família

Com informações do O GLOBO. HOUSTON – O presidente do conselho de administração da Petrobras, almirante Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira, disse Reuters neste sábado, 5, que planeja deixar o cargo, com o executivo de petróleo e presidente do Flamengo Rodolfo Landim, visto como seu possível sucessor, segundo duas fontes familiarizadas com o assunto.

“A presidência do conselho de administração da Petrobras um trabalho de 24 horas e quero passar mais tempo com minha família”, disse Ferreira, acrescentando que tem dois filhos adultos morando fora do Brasil.

A decisão ocorre no momento em que a Petrobras enfrenta pressão de investidores para aumentar os preços dos combustíveis, já que o petróleo se aproximava de US$ 120 por barril.

Um anúncio formal da Petrobras esperado para a próxima semana.

Na quinta-feira, o presidente Jair Bolsonaro disse que a Petrobras poderia reduzir seu lucro para evitar que os preços dos combustíveis explodissem.

Em um discurso semanal nas redes sociais, Bolsonaro disse estar certo de que a Petrobras faria o que for necessário para proteger os consumidores brasileiros de sofrerem aumentos acentuados de preços.

A política da Petrobras de buscar paridade entre os preços dos combustíveis domésticos e os mercados internacionais alvo de críticas com o aumento do custo do petróleo Brent.

Chefe Do Conselho Da Petrobras Diz Que Deixará Cargo

Decisão acontece no momento em que a Petrobras sofre pressão de investidores para aumentar os preços dos combustíveis.

O presidente do conselho de administração da Petrobras, almirante Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira, disse Reuters neste sábado que planeja deixar o cargo.

“A presidência do conselho de administração da Petrobras um trabalho de 24 horas e quero passar mais tempo com minha família”, disse Ferreira, acrescentando que tem dois filhos adultos morando fora do Brasil.

A decisão ocorre no momento em que a Petrobras enfrenta pressão de investidores para aumentar os preços dos combustíveis, já que o petróleo se aproximava de US$ 120 por barril.

Na quinta-feira, o presidente Jair Bolsonaro disse que a Petrobras poderia reduzir seu lucro para evitar que os preços dos combustíveis explodissem.

Em um discurso semanal nas redes sociais, Bolsonaro disse estar certo de que a Petrobras faria o que fosse necessário para proteger os consumidores brasileiros de sofrerem aumentos acentuados de preços.

Na quarta-feira, o presidente-executivo Joaquim Silva e Luna disse Reuters que a Petrobras ainda não havia tomado uma decisão sobre os reajustes dos preços dos combustíveis.

Chefe Do Conselho De Administração Da Petrobras Diz A Agência Que Deixará Cargo

Início Economia Chefe do conselho de administração da Petrobras diz a agência que deixará…. Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira disse que pretende passar mais tempo com a família.

O presidente do conselho de administração da Petrobras, almirante Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira, disse agência Reuters neste sábado que planeja deixar o cargo.

“A presidência do conselho de administração da Petrobras um trabalho de 24 horas e quero passar mais tempo com minha família”, disse Ferreira, acrescentando que tem dois filhos adultos morando fora do Brasil.

A decisão ocorre no momento em que a Petrobras enfrenta pressão de investidores para aumentar os preços dos combustíveis, já que o petróleo se aproximava de US$ 120 por barril.

Na quinta-feira, o presidente Jair Bolsonaro disse que a Petrobras poderia reduzir seu lucro para evitar que os preços dos combustíveis explodissem.

Em um discurso semanal nas redes sociais, Bolsonaro disse estar certo de que a Petrobras faria o que fosse necessário para proteger os consumidores brasileiros de sofrerem aumentos acentuados de preços.

Os comentários de Bolsonaro vieram depois que a Petrobras quebrou no mês passado seu recorde histórico de lucro anual e pagamentos de dividendos em 2021, graças alta do petróleo.

Conselho Da Petrobras Aprova Almirante Eduardo Bacellar Para Presidência Do Colegiado

Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira ressaltou que crise vai atrasar projetos – Foto: Divulgação/Marinha.

A Petrobras informou nesta quinta-feira que o conselho de administração da empresa aprovou a nomeação do Almirante Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira para assumir a presidência do colegiado.

O almirante de esquadra e até então comandante da Marinha Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira foi indicado pelo governo para o posto.

Segundo a Petrobras, “Além da Escola Naval, Leal Ferreira recebeu treinamento de nível superior na Escola de Guerra Naval do Brasil e na Academia de Guerra Naval do Chile. Foi também instrutor na Academia Naval de Annapolis, dos EUA. Antes de ser Comandante da Marinha do Brasil, exerceu vários cargos importantes, tendo sido Comandante-em-Chefe da Esquadra e Comandante da Escola Superior de Guerra”.

Na mesma reunião, o conselho da Petrobras aprovou o economista João Cox como membro do colegiado.

O colegiado também aprovou a nomeação de Carlos Alberto Pereira de Oliveira como diretor executivo de exploração e produção, e de Rudimar Andreis Lorenzatto como diretor Executivo de desenvolvimento da produção & tecnologia.

A Petrobras também informou que “Os demais nomes já indicados, Nivio Ziviani para exercer o cargo de membro do Conselho de Administração da companhia e Anelise Quintão Lara para Diretoria de Refino e Gás Natural, estão seguindo os procedimentos internos de governança corporativa com as respectivas análises de conformidade e integridade necessárias ao processo sucessório da companhia”.

Almirante-De-Esquadra Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira É O Novo Comandante Da Marinha

Foi realizada, no dia 6 de fevereiro, no Grupamento de Fuzileiros Navais de Brasília, a cerimônia de assunção de cargo de Comandante da Marinha.

Na ocasião, o Almirante-de-Esquadra Julio Soares de Moura Neto passou o comando para o Almirante-de-Esquadra Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira.

A cerimônia foi presidida pelo Ministro da Defesa, Jaques Wagner, e contou com a presença de autoridades militares e civis, tais como: o ex-Ministro da Marinha, Almirante-de-Esquadra Alfredo Karam, o Ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal, Marco Aurélio; os Ministros de Relações Exteriores, da Previdência Social, do Desenvolvimento Agrário e do Gabinete de Segurança Institucional, bem como de embaixadores de diversos países.

O domínio do ciclo do combustível nuclear em escala industrial pela Marinha do Brasil foi o ponto de atenção da mensagem do Ministro da Defesa, Jaques Wagner, durante cerimônia de passagem de comando da Força Naval.

Ele destacou, por exemplo, o Programa de Desenvolvimento de Submarinos, iniciado em 2008, pelo almirante Julio Sores Moura Neto, substituído no posto máximo da Força Naval pelo Almirante Leal Ferreira.

Ao despedir-se do Comando da Marinha, o almirante Moura Neto destacou o empenho em prol da tropa e os avanços conquistados pelo segmento feminino “Por meio da recomposição parcial dos vencimentos e a elaboração da política de remuneração e a valorização da mulher, representada, de forma pioneira, pela promoção da primeira Almirante e pelo ingresso, na Escola Naval, de aspirantes femininas”.

Em seus mais de 40 anos de carreira, recebeu diversas condecorações e desempenhou importantes cargos de comando e direção, das quais destacam-se: o Aviso de Instrução “Aspirante Nascimento”, a Corveta “Frontin”, a Fragata “Bosísio”, o 2º Esquadrão de Escoltas, Capitão dos Portos do Rio de Janeiro, o Centro de Instrução Almirante Alexandrino, a Escola Naval; o 7º Distrito Naval, a diretoria de Portos e Costas, o Comando-em-Chefe da Esquadra, e a Escola Superior de Guerra, instituição vinculada ao Ministério da Defesa.

Ex-Comandante Da Marinha É Indicado Para O Conselho Da Petrobras

Foto: Divulgação/Marinha[/caption] O governo de Jair Bolsonaro indicou três novos membros para o Conselho de Administração da Petrobras e mais um militar deverá receber um cargo na gestão do atual presidente.

Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira, ex-comandante da Marinha e almirante de esquadra, foi indicado para a presidência do conselho.

Além dele, foram indicados o ex-presidente da Agência Nacional do Petróleo, John Milne Albuquerque Forman; e o economista João Cox, de acordo com informações de Nielmar de Oliveira, da Agência Brasil.

Será que você pode nos ajudar nisso? Clique aqui e saiba mais A nova composição do Conselho de Administração da empresa, depois de aprovadas as indicações, manterá o percentual mínimo de 40% de membros independentes, em observância ao Estatuto Social da companhia.

“As referidas indicações ainda serão submetidas aos procedimentos de governança corporativa da Petrobras, incluindo as respectivas análises de conformidade e integridade requeridas pelo processo sucessório da companhia, com apreciação pelo Comitê de Indicação, Remuneração e Sucessão, e pelo Conselho de Administração e, posteriormente, pela Assembleia Geral de Acionistas”, ressalta comunicado da estatal, divulgado nesta segunda-feira.

O almirante Leal Ferreira foi comandante da Marinha até janeiro de 2018.

Além da Escola Naval, recebeu treinamento de nível superior na Escola de Guerra Naval do Brasil, na Academia de Guerra Naval do Chile e na Academia Naval de Annapolis dos EUA. Agora que você chegou ao final deste texto e viu a importância da Fórum, que tal apoiar a criação da sucursal de Brasília? Clique aqui e saiba mais.

Overview, How It Works, Example

Key person insurance is life insurance and/ or illness insurance on a key employee of a business.

SummaryKey person insurance is life insurance and/ or illness insurance on a key employee of a business.

To lessen the adverse business impact caused by the loss of a key person, key person insurance can be purchased by a business.

Key person insurance is especially important for small businesses, as the loss of a key person could result in the death of the business.

According to a survey of small businesses conducted by theNational Association of Insurance CommissionersThe National Association of Insurance Commissioners is a regulatory support organization that is governed by chief insurance regulators from all 50., 71% of small businesses surveyed indicated that they were very dependent on one or two key people for their success, but only 22% of the respondents took out key person insurance.

Key person insurance is more valuable if the key person stays with the company over the long term.

The customer – the purchaser of the insurance policy – pays an insurance premium for the coverage.

Key Person Insurance Definition

Key person insurance is a life insurance policy that a company purchases on the life of an owner, a top executive, or another individual considered critical to the business.

Key person insurance offers a financial cushion if the sudden loss of a certain individual would profoundly negatively affect the company’s operations.

If this is the case, key person insurance is definitely worth considering.

For key person insurance, a company purchases a life insurance policy on certain employee(s), pays the premiums, and is the beneficiary of the policy.

Key person insurance gives the company some options other than immediate bankruptcy.

Key person insurance can cover a company against a range of risks.

Insurance to protect profits-for example, offsetting lost income from lost sales or losses resulting from the delay or cancellation of any business project involving a key person.

Key Person Life Insurance

Key person insurance is a life insurance policy that a business takes out on its most valuable employee or employees.

Key person insurance helps safeguard a small business if an imperative employee dies or becomes disabled.

Sole proprietors may also opt for key person insurance to protect family members who will inherit their business.

Under a key person life insurance policy, the business owns the policy, pays the premiums and is the beneficiary.

Keep in mind that some lenders mandate that businesses purchase key person insurance to receive financing.

A permanent insurance policy also pays a death benefit if the key person dies while the policy is in force, but the policy offers a cash value fund that the business can take advantage of.

Key person insurance can help provide a financial lifeline for your business at the loss of a key employee.

Entrepreneur Small Business Encyclopedia

Key person insurance is simply life insurance on the key person in a business.

Here’s how key person insurance works: A company purchases a life insurance policy on its key employee(s), pays the premiums and is the beneficiary of the policy.

The purpose of key person insurance is to help the company survive the blow of losing the person who makes the business work.

The company can use the insurance proceeds for expenses until it can find a replacement person, or, if necessary, pay off debts, distribute money to investors, pay severance to employees and close the business down in an orderly manner.

You’ll notice we didn’t mention your family-don’t confuse key person insurance with personal life insurance.

In many small businesses, it’s the owner who holds the company together-he may keep the books, manage the employees, handle the key customers and so on.

Then think of how much money your business would need to survive until it could replace the key person, come up to speed and get the business back on its feet.

The Best Key Person Insurance For 2022

Why We Chose It: Embroker is an online insurer that will help you find several options for key person life and disability coverage to meet your specific needs, including term policies, permanent life policies, and disability policies.

Embroker is a great option because they are one of the few insurers to offer key person term life insurance, which is often cheaper than permanent life insurance.

The downside is that you don’t build cash value as you do in a permanent life insurance policy, so you can’t borrow against and take money out of your policy in the future if you need it for your business.

Embroker offers both term and permanent options as well as disability options for key person insurance, but their rates vary significantly depending on the type of coverage you need, your company, and the person you’re covering.

Embroker is an online insurance company that was built in order to leverage modern technology to pass savings onto insurance clients.

Based in California, it was the first digital business insurance provider and was founded in 2015.

Embroker has an A+ rating from AM Best in the category of financial strength and claims-paying.

Key Person Insurance

To put it simply, key person insurance is a standard life insurance or trauma insurance policy that is used for business succession or business protection purposes.

Key person policies are usually owned by the business and the aim is to compensate the business for losses incurred with the loss of a key income generator and facilitate business continuity.

Key person insurance does not indemnify the actual losses incurred but compensates with a fixed monetary sum as specified in the insurance policy.

If a key sales manager had built up a relationship with key clients, they may no longer want to work with the business if that key person were no longer around.

Key person insurance policy helps to improve the retention of key human resources of the business.

The amount on claim or maturity under a key person insurance policy is not exempt under Section 10 of the Income Tax Act if the company is paying the premiums unless the policy is assigned to the key person who himself/herself pay the premium.

If a key employee has a substantial number of shares, then the key man insurance could potentially be seen as being taken out for their own interests, instead of the business.

EXPERTS CONNECTS

XAIRCRAFT. Xaircraft is an octocopter designed for precision variable rate application of liquid pesticides, fertilizers and herbicides, bringing new levels of efficiency and manageability to the agricultural sector.

XPLANET™ P20 V2 Agricultural UAV adopts world’s leading commercial UAV manufacturing technology.

It is adaptable to all kinds of weather and natural environment, carrying agricultural flight control system independently developed by XAIRCRAFT,creating a truly smart, accurate, and efficient way for plant protection operation.

SMART BATTERYSmart Battery adopts industrial grade aluminum alloy case which provides excellent heat dissipation.

XAIRCRAFT FLIGHT INFORMATION. SystemXAIRCRAFT Flight Information System integrates online management tools, helps to.

Allocate service staffs, vans, UAVs and any other operation materials, even in busiest farming.

It also supports third-party authorities’ surveillance monitoring, makes UAV flight safer.

Xaircraft UAV

Xaircraft X series UAV is a family of Chinese micro air vehicles developed by XAG. X450 Pro is a quadrotor MAV incorporating first-person view feature.

Landing gear consists of four legs each mounted directly under each of the propeller.

X650V-4 is slightly larger than X450 Pro, with a different configuration of the landing gear, which consists of a pair of skids.

X650V-8 is slightly larger than X650-4, from which it is developed, and they share the identical configuration of the landing gear, which consists of a pair of skids.

X650V-8 is the second member of the X650 Value product line.

X650 Pro is largest MAV Xaircraft has developed, and it can be folded for easy transportation.

Diameter: 0.57 m. Height: 0.27 m. Xcope is a quadcopter mainly intended for aerial photography and cinematography through FPV. The landing gear of this electrically powered quadrotor consists of a pair of skids.

XAIRCRAFT（XAG）

A forest restoration project using XAG Agricultural Drones has been initiated in Brazil, which is a pioneer in experimenting the scope of planting seeds of nati…. Russian farm explores use of XAG drones to boost rice yield Date：Jan. 25, 2022.

On 22 December, XAG Annual Conference 2021 was held in Guangzhou, China with the theme “Step into Agrifuture”, which launched a series of agricultural innovatio…. Chinese agricultural drone startup XAG to debut in STAR market Date：Nov. 26, 2021.

Flying into the Andes mountains of Ecuador, XAG Agricultural Drones were recently introduced to a series of on-farm spray trials for high-altitude specialty cro…. Japanese fruit growers test XAG R150 field robot Date：Sep.

Joining hands with Harper Adams University, XAG started launching into Europe and showcased its autonomous drones and robots at Cereals 2021, the UK’s largest …. XAG sets out roadmap in Ukraine to create autonomous farms with drones Date：May. 28, 2021.

As Ukraine becomes the second largest grain exporter, XAG has actively introduced drone and ground robots into this emerging agricultural superpower, which help…. XAG released Corporate Social Responsibility Report 2020 to share progress in advancing a food-secure future Date：Mar. 23, 2021.

On March 17, XAG announced the release of its Corporate Social Responsibility Report 2020 at Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Development Forum in Beij…. 【Video】: XAG develops six smart agriculture product lines and devotes to global smart agriculture development Date：Jan. 27, 2021.

China-based company XAG is growing a name for itself, recently displaying a series of fully autonomous drones and farm monitoring sensors at Agritechnica, in Ha…. From sky to ground, XAG launches farm robots and smart agriculture management system Date：Dec. 23, 2019.

Xaircraft Drones User Manuals

XAircraft Chinese company, founded in 2007 in Guangzhou, is what is less known, but no less promising manufacturer of radio-controlled drones.

Xaircraft specialists work closely with research centers around the world, sharing their experiences in the creation of the flight control systems.

Not so long ago Xaircraft company launched its first multi-tasking “UAV” XMission, which is capable of operating in all weather conditions, including during precipitation.

Another actual direction in which the work Xaircraft engineers – to create a powerful drone with a high carrying capacity, which could be used for transporting small objects.

This model has “Survived” for 8 updates, the latest version of it is called Xaircraft X650 Pro V8. The model comes in various models.

The temperature range within which the works drone, much wider than most similar models: from -20 to + 60 C. Thanks to this feature, the device can be used even in difficult mountainous terrain.

In 2015, the current line Xaircraft models also replenished relatively inexpensive devices from the series Super X. On the basis of 3 new models were produced: Basic Quad X, Standard Hex X and professional – oktokopter Octo X. In general, a series of Super X – pretty quality “Drones” that are easy to assemble and operate.

Advancing Agriculture

Tou Kousal showcases her XAG agricultural drones for daily use in farm workIn Cambodia, agriculture plays a leading role in the economy, with over 34% of its population employed in this sector.

From A Traditional Farmer To Woman Entrepreneur Tou Kousal is the first female drone pilot to introduce drone spraying solutions in Battambang province, known as the “Rice bowl” of Cambodia.

Two years ago, before piloting the farming drone business, Tou Kousal was still a farmer operating a 10-hectare field with limited access to new tools.

Tou Kousal stood beside a paddy field with one of her dronesIn October 2020, when the pandemic attacked Cambodia, she bought the first XAG agricultural drone and offered crop spraying service to farmers, who were faced with a lack of labour and material supplies.

To gain farmers’ recognition, Kousal and her team conducted a series of demonstrations on fields by comparing the performance between drone spraying and manual spraying.

“XAG drones can be set up easily and fast, and thanks to that a team of 2 to 3 people can spray 10 to 30 acres per day.” In the past, the same workload could take several days for farmers to complete with hand sprayer.

Beyond the role of next-generation farmer, Tou Kousal considers herself more of an entrepreneur and forerunner, who are also educating more modern farmers to boost Cambodia’s agriculture.

Ambient Flight

Finally tried a test flight of the new setup with my gimbal mount forward and battery back a tiny bit.

Because of this event I decided to upgrade the firmware on the MiniX flight controller and will probably go through all the stick calibrations again.

Today we get the first look at the new flight controller from XAircraft, the MiniX. XAircraft is known for their high end controller called the SuperX, which I have installed in my large heavy lift hexacopter.

The MiniX is a lower price point controller, meant to compete for the market of small and mid-side multi-rotor copters.

The GPS puck, OSD unit, flight controller, GPS tower, cables, misc items included in box.

Included but not in this photo are some pieces of double-sided tape and the MiniX quick guide.

Soon I’ll be installing the MiniX on a 680 sized foldable quadcopter and doing some testing in preparation for a full review of the MiniX system.

XAircraft, a leading commercial drone manufacturer specialising in agricultural services in China, has officially launched its flagship P20 unmanned aerial vehicle – a farm-specific drone – in Japan where mechanisation in agriculture has long been adopted while innovation is relatively slow.

Justin Gong, co-founder and chief marketing officer of XAircraft, said the Guangzhou-based company has chosen Japan as its first step for overseas expansion as the country was a pioneer in using large-scale UAV on crop protection as early as two decades ago, but the technology has barely improved as it still requires massive manual operation by human labour instead of the automatic programming and operation via its mobile management terminal.

“No matter how experienced a farmer is, manual operation on a remote control is in no way comparable to full automation conducted by the computer in terms of precision. Also, the traditional UAV utilised for farming in Japan will require two or three people to conduct one task, while an operator is able to command three XAircraft drones for spraying tasks at the same time,” Gong told the South China Morning Post in Guangzhou on Monday.

XAircraft sees business potential from the Japanese market as local farmers are well acquainted with the use of advanced technologies.

Nearly three-quarters of rice production in Japan is mechanised while over a third of rice farms made use of pesticide spraying via drones.

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From new homes in Jensen Lakes and Allard, to renovated bungalows in Capilano, to infill houses in revitalized Ritchie or Grovenor, our custom approach to window fashion design will transform your home into something truly special.

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11 Suppliers Of The Best Window Blinds In Edmonton [2022 ]

If you want great ones, the top suppliers of the best window blinds in Edmonton will help choose the one suitable for you, whether you want vinyl blinds or faux wood.

First in our list of the suppliers of the best window blinds in Edmonton is Sun Blinds, as they have an array of great picks for blinds and shades, from vinyl blinds to venetian ones.

Next in our list of the suppliers of the best window blinds in Edmonton is Blind Magic.

That’s why they’re among the best window blinds suppliers in Edmonton.

This makes them one of the top suppliers of the best window blinds in Edmonton.

Complete your dream home with Solar Blind’s blinds, shades, shutters and window coverings! They aim to only give you the best blinds to fit your taste, so they offer custom blinds that are measured to your specification, and which model, colour and fabric are also of your choice.

Do you need to see what kinds of blinds are a great match for your windows? Head on to the list of the best window blinds in Edmonton to see if any of the choices is right for you.

14 Different Types Of Blinds For Windows

What will be the primary purpose of your blinds? Will they be decorative or more blackout blinds to help keep sunlight out? Do you prefer a vertical blind or horizontal blinds? Do you require manual blinds such as a roller blind or roman shade, or would motorized blinds be more suited to your needs?

These are the most common types of blinds used on windows, especially smaller windows.

“Micro blinds are an even tinier version of mini-blinds. These types of blinds feature slats that are ½” thick.

Be aware that plastic blinds is a broad term, and could include other types of blinds that happen to be made of plastic – such as vinyl blinds.

Big box retailers like Target and Walmart sell several different types of blinds and shades.

With so many different types of window coverings available, you’ll have no problem pinpointing the types of blinds that are going to look best in your home.

Continuous cord loop blinds differ slightly from other types of roller blinds – as they operate using a pulley system.

Window Blind

A typical window blind is made up of several long horizontal or vertical slats of various types of hard material, including wood, plastic or metal which are held together by cords that run through the blind slats.

As the names suggest, blinds that are ready-made are manufactured to set sizes based on typical window dimensions, whereas blinds that are made to a measurement are cut to a specific width and drop to match the window.

There will always be small light gaps on the edges of the blinds if mounted on the inside of the window frame or peaking out from behind the blind if mounted on the frame around the window.

Roller blinds are a type of window blind that is typically made from a polyester fabric wrapped around a plastic or metal roller.

To control the roller blind there is typically a chain or string on either side of the blind.

A Venetian blind is a type of window blind made from overlapping horizontal slats that are typically lowered and drawn together by pulling a cord.

The resulting weave is, as a result, only flexible vertically and can be drawn upwards once manufactured as a roller blind or in a similar fashion to a Venetian blind.

Custom Blinds, Shades, Shutters Official Site

Our thoughtfully curated Design Studio™ fabric collection, including an exclusive line from NY designer Rebecca Atwood, is designed to layer with all Hunter Douglas window treatments.

Complete your unique look by choosing complementary side panels, drapery and shades-all beautifully coordinated and only from Hunter Douglas.

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Find Hunter Douglas Repair Parts Here!

The finest window blinds in wood, wood alternative and metal.

Hunter Douglas offers a wide variety of horizontal blind options.

Popular wood or faux wood items include the Everwood, Parkland, Macro, and Natural Elements.

Below, you can find commonly replaced parts used for the shades.

Hunter Douglas

Hunter Douglas N.V. is a Dutch multinational corporation.

The current corporate structure, Hunter Douglas N.V., was formed in the Netherlands Antilles in 1971 as a result of a restructuring of the previous Canadian entity, Hunter Douglas Ltd. For tax reasons, investors could select either common or preferred shares through 1990.

In 2013, Hunter Douglas purchased a minority stake in 247 Home Furnishings Ltd, which they did not make known to the Competitions and Markets Authority.

At a later date in 2016, Hunter Douglas purchased a majority share in Blinds2Go which is by far the largest UK retailer of made-to-measure blinds.

At this point, Hunter Douglas already owned a significant share of the market before purchasing a majority stake of 51% for 247 in 2019.

The initial purchase in 2013 had not been cleared with the CMA and the second purchase would have given Hunter Douglas 100% ownership of 247.

As a result of concerns around competition in the market, Hunter Douglas was forced to sell their 51% purchase of shares from 2019.

Zinc-Air Battery

Zinc-air batteries have some properties of fuel cells as well as batteries: the zinc is the fuel, the reaction rate can be controlled by varying the air flow, and oxidized zinc/electrolyte paste can be replaced with fresh paste.

Zinc-air batteries have higher energy density than many other types of battery because atmospheric air is one of the battery reactants, in contrast to battery types that require a material such as manganese dioxide in combination with zinc.

Stacking prismatic cells requires air channels in the battery and may require a fan to force air through the stack.

AZA Battery has announced development of pilot production of prismatic zinc air cells with characteristics suitable for both stationary storage and mobility applications.

Some approaches use a large zinc-air battery to maintain charge on a high discharge-rate battery used for peak loads during acceleration.

The term zinc-air fuel cell usually refers to a zinc-air battery in which zinc metal is added and zinc oxide is removed continuously.

One advantage of utilizing zinc-air batteries for vehicle propulsion is that earth’s supply of zinc metal is 100 times greater than that of lithium, per unit of battery energy.

Zinc Air Battery: Tips & Tricks

If you use hearing aids, you might know the zinc air battery.

What makes the zinc air battery such a special battery?

The way the zinc air battery works is very different from other standard batteries.

The zinc air battery is completely filled with zinc, which reacts with oxygen from the air when the seal is removed.

By respecting this ‘breathing time’, you will extend the lifetime of your zinc air battery up to between 30 and 80%. If you remove the tab and immediately put the battery in your hearing aid, this will have a negative effect on the lifespan of your battery.

In the zinc air battery, zinc and oxygen from the air work together to generate a steady level of power, which makes it the ideal battery for new generation digital hearing aids.

Always keep the tips and tricks above in mind when using this type of battery and you won’t be deceived by the capabilities of this battery!

What Is A Zinc-Air Battery & Why Should You Take Notice?

We all know about batteries, they power our daily lives, whether it be your new electric Tesla, your TV remote, or your smartphone.

There’s many different types of batteries, like alkaline batteries you’d find in your home or lithium-ion batteries found in cars, but you might not have heard of a zinc-air battery.

The problem with batteries, and this has always been the problem, is size, capacity, and most importantly, cost.

While there is a market in the auto industry for lithium-ion batteries, and it is a fair sized market, the real big player is in the electrical grid.

Lithium-ion batteries increase in cost as you require more storage because you’re essentially stacking the batteries together.

Zinc-air batteries can hold energy much longer than lithium-ions, and to increase the storage capacity, all that is needed is an increase in the storage container that holds the Zinc.

So who’s leading the zinc-air battery movement?

For as much as batteries offer they still annoy us with their frequent need for recharging or replacement altogether.

Lately, the zinc-air battery has been turning up as a new choice of power for handheld electronics, providing up to three times the energy of common alkaline batteries in a more compact package.

Zinc-air cells work like conventional batteries in that they generate electrical power from chemical reactions.

Instead of packing the necessary ingredients inside the cell, zinc-air batteries get one of their main reactants-oxygen-from the outside air.

Oxygen molecules enter the cell through tiny holes in the top and then come into contact with a positively charged electrode made of porous carbon.

These molecules, and other preexisting hydroxyls, migrate through an air separator to a negatively charged electrode that consists of a zinc gel.

The hydroxyls bond to a zinc molecule to form zincate, which immediately splits into two hydroxyls, a water molecule and zinc oxide, and releases two electrons that travel through a circuit to power a device-usually a cell phone or hearing aid.

A Redesign For Zinc-Air Batteries Could Make Them Rechargeable

They’re lightweight, compact and made of more sustainable, less flammable materials than other batteries.

Zinc-air batteries are one of many potential next-generation batteries that could hold more energy while being cheaper and safer than existing devices.

Every zinc-air battery cell contains two electrodes – a zinc anode and a porous cathode – separated by a liquid called an electrolyte.

The caustic electrolyte in conventional zinc-air batteries can also degrade the cathode and anode.

As a result, zinc ions from the anode can travel to the cathode and react directly with oxygen from the air.

What’s more, the new electrolyte doesn’t degrade the battery’s electrodes, which helps the battery last longer.

In lab experiments, Sun and colleagues were able to drain and recharge a new zinc-air battery cell 320 times over 160 hours.

The Challenges Of Zinc Air Batteries

Zinc air batteries have been around for a long time.

By using air to provide oxygen as one of the reactants, zinc air batteries can be made very light.

The problem comes when trying to make zinc air batteries that are rechargeable.

In a primary zinc air battery, zinc particles are incorporated into a porous anode paste that is saturated with an electrolyte.

During discharge, at the cathode, oxygen from the air forms hydroxyl ions that migrate to the zinc to form a zinc compound called zincate42-). During the formation of the compound, electrons are given up that are collected at the anode and pass through an external circuit, powering an electrical device and returning to the cathode.

Mechanical recharging of zinc air batteries has been suggested as a way to rapidly recharge electric vehicles.

A limitation in zinc air batteries is the electrical potential of 1.35-1.4 volts in practical cells-about half of what is available in a lithium-based battery.

Enabling Acidic Oxygen Reduction Reaction In A Zinc-Air Battery With Bipolar Membrane

Zinc-air batteries are a promising alternative to lithium ion batteries due to their large energy density, safety, and low production cost.

The stability of the zinc-air battery is often low due to the formation of dendrite which causes short circuiting and the CO2 adsorption from the air which causes carbonate formation on the air electrode.

In this work, we demonstrate a zinc-air battery design with acidic oxygen reduction reaction for the first time via the incorporation of a bipolar membrane.

The bipolar membrane creates a locally acidic environment in the air cathode which could lead to a higher oxygen reduction reaction activity and a better 4-electron selectivity toward water instead of the 2-electron pathway toward peroxide.

Locally acidic air cathode is also effective at improving the cell’s durability by preventing carbonate formation.

Gas chromatography confirms that CO2 adsorption is 7 times lower in the bipolar membrane compared to a conventional battery separator.

The insights from this work could be leveraged to develop a better zinc-air battery design for long-term energy storage applications.

Virtual Private Networks Explained

A virtual private network, better known as a VPN, gives you online privacy and anonymity by creating a private network from a public internet connection.

A virtual private network is a key privacy tool that you should use when you’re logging onto the internet from a public place such as a coffee shop, hotel lobby, or any other spot that offers access to free public Wi-Fi. A VPN creates a type of tunnel that hides your online activity, including the links you click or the files you download, so that cybercriminals, businesses, government agencies, or other snoops can’t see it.

What’s the best way to choose a virtual private network? Here are some questions to ask when you’re choosing a VPN provider.

A VPN client makes it easier for users to connect to a virtual private network.

VPN providers use these protocols to make sure that users are able to connect securely to a virtual private network.

You might sometimes hear your virtual private network referred to as a VPN tunnel.

A virtual private network, better known as a VPN, protects your identity and browsing activity from hackers, businesses, government agencies, and other snoops.

Virtual Private Network

A VPN extends a corporate network through encrypted connections made over the Internet.

Because the traffic is encrypted between the device and the network, traffic remains private as it travels.

An employee can work outside the office and still securely connect to the corporate network.

Secure remote access provides a safe, secure way to connect users and devices remotely to a corporate network.

VPN technology is available to check whether a device meets certain requirements, also called a device’s posture, before it is allowed to connect remotely.

Yes, traffic on the virtual network is sent securely by establishing an encrypted connection across the Internet known as a tunnel.

Offsite employees can then use the virtual network to access the corporate network.

Virtual Private Networks

With a VPN, you can send data between two computers across a shared or public network in a manner that emulates a point-to-point private link.

The link in which the private data is encapsulated and encrypted is a VPN tunnel or connection.

After VPN connections are established, the VPN clients belong to the VPN Clients network.

A remote access client initiates a remote access VPN connection that connects to a private network.

A router, which may be a Forefront TMG computer, initiates a site-to-site VPN connection that connects two portions of a private network using a VPN tunneling protocol such as PPTP or L2TP over IPsec.

As in the option with no quarantine control, if RADIUS authentication is enabled for the VPN server, the RADIUS server can instruct Forefront TMG to forcibly disconnect a VPN client before placing it in the VPN Clients network.

This script creates an access rule that allows NAQC traffic on port 7250 from the VPN Clients and Quarantined VPN Clients networks to the Local Host network.

Best VPN Service Of 2022

Editors’ note, Feb. 9, 2022: The VPN industry has undergone significant change in the past few months, with all three of our top VPN choices announcing major changes in corporate ownership.

For more beginner-focused VPN help, we’ve demystified some of the jargon in our guide to all the VPN terms you need to know.

ExpressVPN. ExpressVPN gets our Editor’s Choice Award for best VPN. The VPN provider tells us its network is powered by TrustedServer technology, which ExpressVPN built to ensure that there are never any logs of users’ online activities.

Like the rest of the top five VPN services we’ve reviewed, ExpressVPN offers a useful kill-switch feature that prevents network data from leaking outside of its secure VPN tunnel in the event the VPN connection fails.

Safe VPNs cost companies a lot of money to operate and keep secure, and a free VPN service is almost always a malware-laden data snoop.

Keep an eye on encryption: Your VPN should offer a protocol called OpenVPN TCP. You may find our primer on VPN evaluations useful.

A VPN client on the user’s computer or mobile device connects to a VPN gateway on the company’s network.

Virtual Private Network

Allows a private network to go through a public network.

A virtual private network extends a private network across a public network and enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network.

The benefits of a VPN include increases in functionality, security, and management of the private network.

Tunneling protocols can operate in a point-to-point network topology that would theoretically not be considered a VPN because a VPN by definition is expected to support arbitrary and changing sets of network nodes.

Edit] Virtual LAN. Virtual LAN is a Layer 2 technique that allows for the coexistence of multiple local area network broadcast domains interconnected via trunks using the IEEE 802.1Q trunking protocol.

A tunnel set up between two hosts with Generic Routing Encapsulation is a virtual private network but is neither secure nor trusted.

Unless the trusted delivery network runs among physically secure sites only, both trusted and secure models need an authentication mechanism for users to gain access to the VPN. Mobile virtual private networks are used in settings where an endpoint of the VPN is not fixed to a single IP address, but instead roams across various networks such as data networks from cellular carriers or between multiple Wi-Fi access points without dropping the secure VPN session or losing application sessions.

The Best VPN Services For 2022

Another benefit of a VPN is that your true IP address is hidden behind the IP address of the VPN server.

Nearly every VPN service provides its own app with a full graphical user interface for managing the VPN connection and settings, and we recommend that you use it.

These are tricky to compare since they often have a completely different set of features than the average VPN. The VPN included with Google One lacks many of the tools we expect with a VPN, but also comes with 2TB of cloud storage-unmatched by any VPN service we’ve seen.

In cases like this it’s best to consider what you want to use a VPN for and whether or not a tacked-on VPN meets those needs.

Which Is the Best Free VPN? Not all VPN services require that you pay.

Some important things to look for when shopping for a VPN include the number of simultaneous connections the VPN service allows, the number of servers available, and the number of locations in which the company has servers.

Click through the review links of the best VPN services below for detailed analysis and performance results, and feel free to chime in on the comments section below them.

What Is A Virtual Private Network? Definition, Components, Types, Functions, And Best Practices

The most common use of VPN technology is keeping all online recreational activities of an individual untraceable, even when accessed on a private Wi-Fi network.

Let’s look at the advantages of a VPN. Enhanced security: The fundamental functioning of a VPN strengthens the security of network traffic.

Easy file sharing: VPNs pave the way for large networks to provide easy access to the information within a private network.

Increased network complexity: If you require a high-quality VPN, the network that needs to be set up will be more complex.

Types of VPNs. To find the right VPN for your business or even personal use, you must first determine what you need.

Client-based VPNs. Client-based VPNs allow users to be connected to a remote network through an application/client that manages the connection and the communication process of the VPN. For a safe connection, the software is launched and authenticated with a username and password.

Network-based VPNs. Network-based VPNs are virtual private networks that securely connect two networks over an unsafe network.

UNICEF Supply Division

Delivering vaccines to all corners of the world is a complex undertaking.

Vaccines must be continuously stored in a limited temperature range – from the time they are manufactured until the moment of vaccination.

Once a vaccine loses its potency, it cannot be regained or restored.

When UNICEF sends vaccines, they always travel directly by plane from the manufacturer as refrigerated cargo to the country where they will be used.

From storage facilities down to the village level, health workers carry vaccines in cold boxes and vaccine carriers, traveling by car, motorcycle, bicycle, donkey, camel or on foot to immunize every last child, even in the most remote of villages.

Stock management procedures must also follow WHO guidelines specific to each type of vaccine.

We work closely with partners and governments to ensure the cold chain continues to work effectively and efficiently in every country where we deliver vaccines to children.

What Is A Cold Chain?

A cold chain is an uninterrupted supply system that maintains the quality of products from production through to transportation, distribution, storage, and retail by using temperature-controlled environments.

What Does A Cold Chain Do? An unbroken cold chain provides a safe, temperature-controlled environment for sensitive items such as fresh and frozen food produce, pharmaceutical products, biologics, chemicals, and vaccines.

The cold chain is essential for maintaining the quality of these high and low-risk perishable products and ensuring they arrive in optimal condition, fit for use or consumption.

IoT enhances the cold chain by enabling real-time logistic management of every link in the chain.

Instead of manually collecting data by examining data gauges, connected sensors continuously monitor every link’s environmental conditions in the cold chain.

IoT-Enabled Cold Chain BenefitsIoT sensors collect real-time data on location, temperature, and humidity, optimizing both reactive and proactive monitoring.

Reduces wastage: a high-quality cold chain will guarantee the product’s safety and quality by maintaining optimum environmental conditions.

2: The vaccine cold chain 2 The vaccine cold chain About this module The purpose of the vaccine “Cold chain” is to maintain product quality from the time of manufacture until the point of administration by ensuring that vaccines are stored and transported within WHO-recommended temperature ranges.

The most heat sensitive vaccines are in Group A and the least heat sensitive vaccines are in Group F. Note that the heat stability information shown for freeze-dried vaccines applies only to unopened vials; most freeze-dried vaccines rapidly lose potency after reconstitution.

Figure 2.5  Three commonly used refrigerator types Top opening: ice-lined mains electric, solar-battery or solar direct-drive Freezer compartment Vaccine storage compartment Immunization in practice9 Module 2:  The vaccine cold chain Top opening: gas or kerosene Freezer compartment Vaccine compartment Front opening: gas, kerosene or domestic mains electric model Freezer compartment Refrigerator compartment10 Immunization in practice Module 2:  The vaccine cold chain 2.2 Cold boxes A cold box is an insulated container that can be lined with water packs to keep vaccines and diluents in the required temperature range during transport or short-term storage – see Figure 2.6.

If cool water packs are used for outreach operations, there must be additional provision at the outreach session to keep both reconstituted lyophilized vaccines – and unpreserved multi-dose vaccines that have been opened – cool at between +2 °C and +8 °C. Exposure of reconstituted unpreserved vaccines and liquid vaccines that do not contain preservative to temperatures above +8 °C during immunization sessions can result in an increased risk of microbial growth in opened vials of vaccine.

Figure 2.11  Location of VVMs on ampoules and vials VVM ampoule of freeze-dried vaccine VVM vial of freeze-dried vaccine VVM vial of liquid vaccine Immunization in practice17 Module 2:  The vaccine cold chain 3.2 Temperature monitoring devices 30-day electronic temperature loggers These devices are placed with the vaccine load in a vaccine refrigerator.

Table 2.2  Temperature monitoring options in health facilities Vaccine refrigerator Best practice Cold boxes and vaccine carriers 30-day temperature logger Conditioned ice packs Integrated digital thermometer Freeze indicator Stem thermometer for back-up VVMs where supplied VVMs where supplied Cool water packs Stem thermometer VVMs where supplied Warm water packs Freeze indicator VVMs where supplied Minimum requirement Integrated digital thermometer Stem thermometer for back-up Electronic freeze indicator VVMs where supplied Vaccine vial monitors VVMs provide a key indicator during storage and transport because they show whether the individual vaccine container has been exposed to excessive heat.

Immunization in practice21 Module 2:  The vaccine cold chain Cold boxes and vaccine carriers If conditioned ice packs are being used to transport freeze-sensitive vaccines, an electronic freeze indicator should be included with the load – the indicator shows if the vaccines have been exposed to freezing temperatures.

Cold Chain Services

Sectoral analysis of U.S. trade and competitiveness in cold chain services.

Cold chain systems are crucial to the growth of global trade in perishable products and to the worldwide availability of food and health supplies.

Each year, billions of tons of fresh food products and millions of dollars’ worth of U.S. exports are lost due to poor cold chain systems in developing markets.

These losses primarily result from lack of proper facilities, improper food safety handling procedures, and insufficient training for those personnel working in the cold chain.

The development of cold chain systems, especially in terms of government policy is a fairly new concept.

Cold chain systems can most aptly be viewed as a business function in a global value chain rather than as an industry.

The United States has a competitive advantage in cold chain systems derived from some of the most advanced technologies and logistics management services in the world.

Cold Chain

A cold chain is a low temperature-controlled supply chain.

Unlike other goods or merchandise, cold chain goods are perishable and always en route towards end use or destination, even when held temporarily in cold stores and hence commonly referred to as “Cargo” during its entire logistics cycle.

One common temperature range for a cold chain in pharmaceutical industries is 2 to 8 °C, but the specific temperature tolerances depend on the actual product being shipped.

The cold chain is used in the supply of vaccines to distant clinics in hot climates served by poorly developed transport networks.

Disruption of a cold chain due to war may produce consequences similar to the smallpox outbreaks in the Philippines during the Spanish-American War, during which the distributed vaccines were inert due to lack of temperature control in transport.

There is an ultralow, or deep freeze, cold chain for vaccines that require -70 degrees C, such as the Ebola and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines, and some animal vaccines, such as those for chickens.

Temperature sensors may need to be National Institute of Standards and Technology traceable depending on the body monitoring the cold chain.

GUIDELINES FOR MAINTAINING VACCINE COLD CHAIN The “Cold Chain” is the system of transporting and storing vaccines within the temperature range of 35°F to 45°F. The cold chain begins when vaccine is manufactured, moves through to the state distribution center and ends with the local immunization provider at the time of administration.

Vaccines are delicate biological substances that can become less effective or destroyed if they are: Frozen Allowed to get too hot Exposed to direct sunlight or fluorescent light Vaccines should be maintained within the recommended temperature range of 35°F to 45°F. The loss of vaccine effectiveness is cumulative and cannot be reversed.

Equipment for Transporting and Storing Vaccines The essential cold chain equipment needed to transport and store vaccines within a consistent safe temperature range i nclude: A refrigerator for storing vaccines A digital, electronic or mercury/maximum thermometer and chart for recording daily temperature reading Cold boxes for transporting and storing vaccines Ice packs to keep vaccines cool Material to separate ice packs from the vaccines when using cold boxes.

Storing excess vaccines supplies in the refrigerator can increase the risk of wastage from vaccines.

Unpacking Vaccines after Transport Unpack vaccines from the transport container and store them in their packaging regardless of their bulkiness.

Check the temperature to ensure the vaccines have not been exposed to temperatures above 35°F or below 32°F. Placing Vaccines in Refrigerator Store IPV, MMR on the top shelf If diluent accompanies MMR, Hib vaccine within vial packaging, the diluent must be removed and stored on the middle or next lower shelf All freezer sensitive vaccines should be stored on the middle shelves Diluent and emergency drugs can be stored on the lower shelves Vaccines should remain in the refrigerator until immediately before they are administered.

Refer to the New Jersey Vaccine For Children Vaccine return procedure and call Automated Health at 1(800)-900-4832 for information and vouches for lost and expired vaccines.

What Is Cold Chain Logistics?

Cold chain logistics is the transport of temperature-controlled products, such as temperature-sensitive foods, equipment, and bio-pharmaceutical products.

The process of cold chain logistics does not begin when product are loaded onto the plane or lorry.

Cold chain logistics companies need to ensure goods are kept at specific temperatures, however with more extreme weather around the world caused by global warming and a growing consumer demand for products available 24/7. This already challenging industry gets hader and more complex with every passing year.

If the freight crosses boundaries, custom procedures can become very important, since cold chain products tend to be time-sensitive and more subject to inspection than regular freight.

Since many deliveries of cold chain products, particularly groceries, are taking place in an urban setting, they are impeded by congestion and parking difficulties Also important is the final transfer of the shipment into the cold storage facilities as there is potential for a breach of integrity and damages to fragile goods such as produce.

This is especially true during transit, where data loggers that record storage temperatures and conditions can help prevent inadequate conditions from spoiling a load. Shipment/transport delays – Delays are an obvious issue for any shipper, but they can be particularly detrimental when dealing with cold chain logistics, since cold chain technology is time-sensitive.

Disrupted climate control and/or temperatures – Temperature variation can be a big problem in cold chain logistics.

Cogeneration

Cogeneration is a more efficient use of fuel or heat, because otherwise-wasted heat from electricity generation is put to some productive use.

Cogeneration plants are commonly found in district heating systems of cities, central heating systems of larger buildings and are commonly used in the industry in thermal production processes for process water, cooling, steam production or CO2 fertilization.

The terms cogeneration and trigeneration can also be applied to the power systems simultaneously generating electricity, heat, and industrial chemicals.

Trigeneration differs from cogeneration in that the waste heat is used for both heating and cooling, typically in an absorption refrigerator.

Large cogeneration systems provide heating water and power for an industrial site or an entire town.

A review of cogeneration options is in Czech research team proposed a “Teplator” system where heat from spent fuel rods is recovered for the purpose of residential heating.

While in thermoelectric generation, part of the heat produced is lost, in cogeneration this heat has the possibility of being used in the production processes, increasing the overall efficiency of the process.

What Is Cogeneration Of Energy?

Cogeneration energy production can maximize energy efficiency and create long-term cost savings.

Cogeneration is a way to utilize that waste energy and divert it into additional energy production.

The concept of cogeneration is to capture waste energy and utilize it to gain energy efficiency.

Investment in a cogeneration system can create significant long-term savings through reduced energy waste, increased energy efficiency and cost savings.

Energy cogeneration capitalizes on synergies to improve energy efficiency.

With renewable fuel options, including biogas, renewable natural gas or hydrogen, cogeneration systems can be an extremely environmentally conscious option for energy production.

A look at the state and federal incentives, as well as consulting with an energy expert, can help narrow in on the financial aspects of a cogeneration system.

Energy Education

In a CHP power plant, this waste heat is recovered for other applications such as space heating or other industrial processes that require heat.

Power plants produce roughly twice as much energy as waste heat as electricity.

Homes are usually heated with furnaces and also require fuel to generate their heat.

Diverting some of the waste heat from electricity generation, saves substantial amounts of money and energy.

Producing the equivalent amount of heat and electricity using a CHP system is much more efficient as heat from electricity production can be usefully applied.

The total efficiency of a CHP system is given by the total energy used, both electrical and heat energy, divided by the energy going in.

A much smaller portion of the heat is unrecoverable, and still lost as waste heat.

Combined Heat And Power Basics

A suite of technologies that can use a variety of fuels to generate electricity or power at the point of use, allowing the heat that would normally be lost in the power generation process to be recovered to provide needed heating and/or cooling.

CHP technology can be deployed quickly, cost-effectively, and with few geographic limitations.

CHP may not be widely recognized outside industrial, commercial, institutional, and utility circles, but it has quietly been providing highly efficient electricity and process heat to some of the most vital industries, largest employers, urban centers, and campuses in the United States.

The Advanced Manufacturing Office’s CHP Deployment Program provides stakeholders with the resources necessary to identify CHP market opportunities and support implementation of CHP systems in industrial, federal, commercial, institutional, and other applications.

As energy systems evolve and decarbonization becomes a global priority, there is a need to develop new CHP technologies to provide solutions to emerging challenges.

A major focus of the current CHP R&D Program is the development of flexible CHP systems that can provide support services to the modern electric grid to keep it stable and secure.

The R&D portfolio is also developing more efficient turbines for CHP, high power to heat ratio CHP systems, and tools and analysis for CHP in microgrids and district energy systems.

Cogeneration Systems｜Energy Systems｜YANMAR

Yanmar offers a wide range of cogeneration systems that provide excellent solutions for the efficient generation of electrical power and hot water.

With a wide range of output capacities Yanmar cogeneration systems can be used as single units, or in multi-unit systems, to provide power and heat energy to the whole spectrum of buildings in which people live, work and play.

Yanmar also offers biogas cogeneration units for multi-unit installations.

Typical Applications for Cogeneration Systems Cogeneration Mechanism and Merits A generation unit and a cogeneration unit both produce electrical power but in a cogeneration system heat is reclaimed from the engine to produce a supply of heated water that can be used outside of the unit.

This is also true for most remotely generated commercial power systems where, in addition to the conversion loss, there are also distribution losses in the power grid system.

In this example cogeneration gives a much higher energy efficiency over commercial grid power as well as giving lower energy costs and reduced CO2 emissions.

This benefit is further enhanced by the use of a high efficiency cogeneration system such as the Yanmar micro cogeneration unit.

Cogeneration :: Tecogen, Inc.

Our system uses a proven natural gas-fueled engine to generate electricity.

At the same time, free “Waste” heat is recovered from the cogeneration system’s engine oil, jacket and exhaust heat.

Captured heat is then used to offset fuel that would otherwise have to be burned in the site’s water heaters and boilers.

This allows the site’s boilers to not have to work as hard.

So the site’s gas bill, process hot water, pool heating, etc.

“Waste” heat captured from the cogeneration system can also be fed into a device called an absorption chiller, which is able to convert the “Waste” heat into cooling.

This relieves the site’s other chillers from having to do so much of the site’s air conditioning.

Combined Heat And Power

Combined heat and power is the simultaneous cogeneration of electricity and heat.

Cogeneration is a highly efficient form of energy conversion and using gas engines it can achieve primary energy savings of approximately 40% compared to the separate purchase of electricity from the electricity grid and gas for use in a boiler.

If the fuel for the gas engine is renewable such as biogas, hydrogen, syngas or biomethane, CHP can be a highly sustainable source of electricity and heat.

Combined heat and power plants are typically embedded close to the end user and therefore help reduce transportation and distribution losses, improving the overall performance of the electricity transmission and distribution network.

District energy schemes use combined heat and power plants to generate both electricity and heat for a group of residential or commercial buildings.

For power users where security of supply is an important factor for their selection of power production equipment and gas is abundant, gas-based cogeneration systems are ideally suited as captive power plants.

Being a localised source of power generation, it can help improve a site’s resilience in the event of a power grid failure with the addition of island mode operation features.

Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum

Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum is an Emirati politician.

A billionaire member of Dubai’s ruling Al Maktoum family, he is believed to be one of the world’s wealthiest royals.

Chairman of Emirates NBD Bank PJSC. The youngest son of Dubai’s former ruler Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum and the only child of his second wife Sheikha Fatima bint Ahmed bin Suliman, Sheikh Ahmed is the half-brother of Dubai’s former ruler Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum and the uncle of Dubai’s ruler Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum.

Ahmed has been called “The man who put Dubai on the global aviation map.” He has also been serving as chairman and CEO of Emirates Airline & Group since 1985.

In October 2019 Al Maktoum, as president of Dubai Civil Aviation Authority, opened a quartet of sector-specific global food trade platforms at the Dubai World Trade Centre.

She gave birth to their only child, Saeed bin Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum.

Al Maktoum later married a first cousin twice removed, daughter of Sheikh Obaid bin Thani Al Maktoum, in 2008.

HH Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum

HH Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum is the Chairman of Dubai Holding and has been at the forefront of Dubai’s remarkable economic development for more than 25 years.

Sheikh Ahmed holds a number of important government positions, including as Second Vice Chairman of the Dubai Executive Council, which is responsible for formulating policies and strategies for the Emirate of Dubai, Chairman of the Dubai Supreme Fiscal Committee, member of the Board of the Dubai Council for Economic Affairs, Chairman of Economic Development Committee and Board Member of the Dubai Corporation for Government Investment.

Sheikh Ahmed has been a highly successful corporate leader since 1985, when he was appointed President of the Dubai Department of Civil Aviation and Chairman of the newly-launched Emirates Airline.

He is the Chairman and Chief Executive of Emirates Airline and Group, which includes Dnata – the region’s leading travel services and ground handling company, and other aviation related entities.

Holder of a Bachelors Degree in Political Science from the University of Denver, Colorado, USA, Sheikh Ahmed has received many international honours, including the fellowship of the British Royal Aeronautical Society, Commandeur de l’Ordre de la Legion d’Honneur – the highest French civilian award, and the Verfassungsportugaleser, one of Germany’s highest honours.

HH Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum – DAE

Over the past 25 years HH Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum has been at the forefront of Dubai’s remarkable economic development spearheading the successful expansion of aviation, which now supports 28 per cent of Dubai’s GDP, and more recently, formulating economic, investment and fiscal policies and strategies in support of the emirate’s overarching vision.

Sheikh Ahmed embarked on his career in the aviation industry in 1985 when he was appointed President of the Dubai Department of Civil Aviation – the governing body that oversaw the activities of Dubai International and Dubai Duty Free, among others.

In the same year Emirates airline – Dubai’s international carrier was launched with Sheikh Ahmed as its Chairman.

Under Sheikh Ahmed’s leadership, the DCA underwent an organisational restructuring in April 2007 resulting in the creation of the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority as the local regulatory body, and Dubai Airports as the owner and operator of Dubai’s airports – Dubai International and Dubai World Central.

Following the restructuring, Sheikh Ahmed became the President of DCAA and Chairman of Dubai Airports.

The fact that Dubai is now firmly established as the region’s leading tourist destination and business, trade and transport hub is due in no small measure to the efforts of Sheikh Ahmed.

Dubai World Central, Dubai’s airport of the future launched on June 27, 2010 was another historical moment for Dubai as the first major step towards establishing Dubai as the world’s most preferred aviation and logistics hub.

UAE’S Ahmed Bin Saeed Tops Forbes Middle East’S Travel And Tourism Leaders List

The list spotlights 50 leaders who drive growth in the Middle East’s travel and tourism industry, building on their desire to reconnect with the world.

Emirates Airline and Group’s revenue reached $6.7 billion in the first half of the 2021/2022 fiscal year.

Dubai Airports CEO Paul Griffiths ranked third on the list.

The UAE dominated this month’s list with 24 of the leaders featured based in the UAE, followed by 11 in Saudi Arabia, and four in Egypt.

The hotels and hospitality sector is the most dominant on the list with 26 entries, followed by aviation with 17, and tourism with seven entries.

Microsoft and partners may be compensated if you purchase something through recommended links in this article.

34. Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum

Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum is the president of the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority, CEO and founder of the Emirates Group, chairman of Dubai World, and Noor Takaful insurance company.

A billionaire member of Dubai’s ruling Al Maktoum family, he is believed to be one of the world’s wealthiest royals.

Sheikh Ahmed has contributed immensely to Dubai’s global stature as a leading business, tourism, trade and transport hub, with aviation now accounting for 28% of its GDP. With several leadership roles in government, his role in the formulation of policies and strategies has helped strengthen Dubai’s vision, economy, communities and culture.

Sheikh Ahmed has a bachelor’s degree from the University of Denver, Colorado, USA. The Royal Aeronautical Society honoured his achievements in aviation with a fellowship at the 1994 Farnborough Air Show, UK. In May 2013, he received an honorary degree of Doctor of Science from City University London – Cass Business School.

Sheikh Ahmed is a graduate of the University of Denver.

She gave birth to their only child, Sheikh Saeed bin Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum.

Al Maktoum later married the first cousin twice removed, daughter of Sheikh Obaid bin Thani Al Maktoum, in 2008.

Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum Wiki, Net Worth & More

His Highness is the youngest son of Dubai’s former ruler Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum.

His Highness Sheikh Ahmed is also the half-brother of Dubai’s former ruler Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum and the uncle of Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum who is the ruler of Dubai.

She gave birth to their only child, Saeed bin Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum.

In 2008, Al Maktoum later married his first cousin twice according to a regional tradition, daughter of Sheikh Obaid bin Thani Al Maktoum.

As of 2021, Al Maktoum’s approximate net worth is around $37.8 billion.

Al Maktoum is the president of the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority.

This was the complete latest information about Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum that we curated through the internet.

Net Worth, Age, Height, Bio, Birthday, Wiki!

Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum net worth, birthday, age, height, weight, wiki, fact 2020-21! In this article, we will discover how old is Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum? Who is Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum dating now & how much money does Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum have?

SHORT PROFILEParentsSaeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum, Sheikha Fatima bint Ahmed bin SulimanFatherNot AvailableMotherNot AvailableSiblingsRashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, MORESpouseMona bint Obaid bin Thani Al MaktoumChildren(s)Not AvailableEthnicity, religion & political views Many peoples want to know what is Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum ethnicity, nationality, Ancestry & Race? Let’s check it out! As per public resource, IMDb & Wikipedia, Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum’s ethnicity is Not Known.

Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum Net Worth Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum is one of the richest Businessperson & listed on most popular Businessperson.

According to our analysis, Wikipedia, Forbes & Business Insider, Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum net worth is approximately $37.8 billion.

According to our records, Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum married to Mona bint Obaid bin Thani Al Maktoum.

Relationships Record: We have no records of past relationships for Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum.

Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum celebrates birthday on December 1 of every year.

With over 90 million passengers, Dubai International boasts one of the world’s largest audiences.

Dubai International is now one of the busiest international airports in the world.

Since it opened in 1960, passenger numbers have grown at an annual average growth rate of more than 13%. We now serve more than 88.2 million customers annually, connecting more than 240 destinations across six continents.

Dubai’s airport of the future is now a reality.

Built south of the city, close to the fast growing areas of “New Dubai”, DWC lies at the heart of an entire airport city.

The airport opened on June 27, 2010 for cargo operations followed by passenger flights in October 2013.Find out more.

Together, we’re shaping the future of Dubai and connecting the world.

Dubai Airports Company

Dubai Airports Company is the airport authority that owns and manages airports in Dubai, including the Al Maktoum International Airport and the Dubai International Airport.

In 2016, Dubai Airports started working on the expansion of the Al Maktoum International Airport, from 66,107 to 145,926 sq metres.

In 2017, Dubai Airports started implementing two 3,600 square metres modular data center facilities that bring data availability up to 99.82%. This investment is part of the Dubai Plus plan that aims to secure adequate technical solutions to drive the exponential growth of Dubai’s airports.

Incorporated by Dubai Aviation City Corporation, Dubai Airports Company is divided into a number of business units and supporting units.

Their “Mega Cargo Terminal” expansion of Dubai Cargo Village renamed those facilities to Dubai International Airport Cargo Gateway in 2008, and increased their capacity to 2.7 million tonnes per year.

Aviation and logistics is an important sector of Dubai’s economy, Emirates Airlines and Dubai Airports Company account for 26% of the country’s GDP. Dubai has an “Open skies” policy that allows any airlines to open service there.

The campaign asked president Barack Obama to solve this case of unfair competition, revealing that airport-related activities in Dubai are heavily subsidized.

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority

Established in 2007, Dubai Civil Aviation Authority undertakes the development of the air industry in Dubai and oversees all aviation related activities.

DCAA’s key tasks include securing of aero-political rights for Dubai’s national carriers and negotiation of air service agreements.

Its scope covers all air transport and related activities such as sales and leisure travel, cargo, logistics and maintenance services.

DCAA’s vision is to support Dubai to become the global aviation capital, contributing to the prosperity and growth of Dubai.

Some of its objectives include defining general policy for civil aviation in Dubai, follow up the implementation of agreements regulating air transport services, authorizing foreign air operators, applying environmental protection policies, and supervising consumer protection legislation in the civil aviation sector.

Welcome To UAE General Civil Aviation Authority

The General Civil Aviation Authority was established in 1996 by Federal Cabinet Decree to regulate Civil Aviation and provide designated aviation services with emphasis on safety and security and to strengthen the aviation industry within the UAE and its upper airspace.

The GCAA, which is the sole authority for the control and regulation of civil aviation in the UAE, is responsible for the provision of en-route air navigation services and all aspects of flight safety.

In late 2009, the GCAA opened its new Air Navigation Centre, The Sheikh Zayed Centre, which is considered the largest and busiest air traffic management facility in the Middle East as well as one of the world’s most technically advanced centres in terms of its design.

In 2009, GCAA adopted an Overall Transformation Program which the outputs of which was executed as early as 2010.

The program aims at making a quantum leap in terms of work efficiency and effectiveness by developing a strategic plan and restructuring the corporate and governmental body of the Authority, in a way that enables it to work inline with the UAE’s strategic purposes and cope with the ongoing development in the aviation sector in accordance with international standards.

The United Arab Emirates, represented by GCAA, is an active member of the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization and its specialized committees.

It is also a member of the Arab Civil Aviation Commission Executive Council, and currently H.E Saif Mohammed Al Suwaidi, Director General of GCAA is heading the ACAC Executive Council.

UAE’S Ahmed Bin Saeed Tops Forbes Middle East’S Travel And Tourism Leaders List

The list spotlights 50 leaders who drive growth in the Middle East’s travel and tourism industry, building on their desire to reconnect with the world.

Emirates Airline and Group’s revenue reached $6.7 billion in the first half of the 2021/2022 fiscal year.

Dubai Airports CEO Paul Griffiths ranked third on the list.

The UAE dominated this month’s list with 24 of the leaders featured based in the UAE, followed by 11 in Saudi Arabia, and four in Egypt.

The hotels and hospitality sector is the most dominant on the list with 26 entries, followed by aviation with 17, and tourism with seven entries.

Microsoft and partners may be compensated if you purchase something through recommended links in this article.

DUBAI CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority was built up in 1971 as a self-ruling body by the announcement issued by His Highness Sheik Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, to attempt improvement of air transport industry in the Emirate of Dubai and to administer all aeronautics related exercises.

They handle all flight matters and to execute the laws and controls in Dubai on the said issues and direct the usage of the tradition on the administration of Dubai International Airport between Government of Dubai and I.A.L. The DCAA has assumed a critical job in the improvement of common aeronautics in the Dubai which included wellbeing, security, flight condition, buyer assurance, task of air administrations to the aerodromes in the emirate, flying related business exercises, global relations and so on.

DCAA has has approached to have numerous gatherings as well as discussions with the International Civil Aviation Organization to create universal common flight all inclusive.

ICAO Global Symposium on Air Transport Liberalization 2006 and the first since forever ICAO Air Services Negotiation Conference held in Dubai in 2008 have enormously added to the advancement of universal air transport all inclusive.

Application for a certificate of approval of building heights within a real estate development zone located within the Aviation Easement areas.

Application for issuing replacement of a lost or damaged valid permit or no‐objection certificate.

Application for a no‐objection certificate addressed to Concerned Entities in the Emirate of Dubai.

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority was established as an autonomous body by the decree issued by His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, by proclamation of Law No. of 2007, to undertake development of air transport industry in the Emirate of Dubai and to oversee all aviation-related activities.

Law No. of 2007 was amended by Law No. of 2010..

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority

The Department of Civil Aviation is the governing body which oversees aviation activities in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Management of Dubai’s airports and cargo gateways have been transferred to Dubai Airports Company, a separate entity from the Department of Civil Aviation.

With this restructuring, the scope of the Department of Civil Aviation’s activities have been narrowed to aviation regulations and permissions.

Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum is the president of the Department of Civil Aviation.

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority Jobs Career 2022 Apply Now For Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System Officer Jobs In Dubai

Candidates who have Higher Diploma or Bachelor’s degree eligibility Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System Officer position can apply through the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority careers page link provides in the below section.

You can check on this page all upcoming independent jobs in Dubai Civil Aviation Authority.

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority Jobs in Dubai:- Hurry ! great news for job seekers.

Dubai Civil Aviation Authority job portal publish 2022-2023 notice for various jobs vacancy in their offices.

Candidates who are looking for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System Officer Jobs in Dubai with relevant required experience can apply for Dubai Civil Aviation Authority careers Employment.

Candidates who are looking for Obstacle Control Officer Jobs in Dubai with relevant required experience can apply for Dubai Civil Aviation Authority careers Employment.

Candidates who are looking for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System Officer Jobs in Dubai with relevant required experience can apply for DCAA Careers Employment.

UAE’S Ahmed Bin Saeed Tops Forbes Middle East’S Travel And Tourism Leaders List

The list spotlights 50 leaders who drive growth in the Middle East’s travel and tourism industry, building on their desire to reconnect with the world.

Emirates Airline and Group’s revenue reached $6.7 billion in the first half of the 2021/2022 fiscal year.

Dubai Airports CEO Paul Griffiths ranked third on the list.

The UAE dominated this month’s list with 24 of the leaders featured based in the UAE, followed by 11 in Saudi Arabia, and four in Egypt.

The hotels and hospitality sector is the most dominant on the list with 26 entries, followed by aviation with 17, and tourism with seven entries.

Microsoft and partners may be compensated if you purchase something through recommended links in this article.

No Full Recovery Until 2024, Says Dubai Airports Chief

Passenger traffic at Dubai international airport, the world’s busiest, will not recover to pre-Covid levels before 2024, its CEO told AFP on Tuesday.

Traffic remains “Nowhere near pre-pandemic levels” despite rising to 29.1 million passengers last year, Dubai Airports chief Paul Griffiths said in an interview.

The figures announced on Tuesday, up 12.7 percent from 2020, mean that Dubai remains the world’s busiest airport for the eighth consecutive year.

“We are nowhere near the pre-pandemic levels,” said Griffiths, adding that Dubai had weathered the storm better than many other airports.

Dubai international airport was again the world’s busiest last year but at 29 million passengers traffic remained far below pre-pandemic levels.

More than a third of last year’s passengers flew in the final quarter, when travel restrictions eased and Dubai opened its Expo 2020 world exhibition and hosted the Dubai airshow, the world’s first since the pandemic.

“The slow recovery in some of the transport markets because of the restrictions, particularly in Australasia and Asia… as they start to fall away, the transport traffic through Dubai will surge ahead and we will see a recovery which we believe will be very strong,” Griffiths said.

Dubai Airport Is Busiest For Global Travel As Virus Persists

Dubai’s main airport said Tuesday it has retained its top place as the world’s busiest for international travel with around 29 million passengers shuttling through the global gateway last year.

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates – Dubai’s main airport said Tuesday it has retained its top place as the world’s busiest for international travel with around 29 million passengers shuttling through the global gateway last year.

Last year’s figure represents a 12% increase in traffic at Dubai International Airport compared to 2020, which had recorded nearly 26 million travelers.

Still, even with 29.1 million passengers crisscrossing last year through Dubai International Airport, or DXB, the figure is nowhere near the pre-pandemic milestone of 86.4 million in annual traffic logged by the airport in 2019.

It marks the eighth consecutive year that Dubai International Airport clinches the mantle of the world’s busiest for international travel, surpassing London’s Heathrow and Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson for global travelers, although the latter is among the busiest in terms of overall passenger traffic.

A key growth market for travel to and from Dubai is neighboring Saudi Arabia, which is actively working to attract business and tourism in direct competition with Dubai and the wider United Arab Emirates.

Dubai has not required proof of COVID-19 vaccination to enter and does not require a negative virus test to enter most places.

Paul Griffiths

Paul Griffiths FRCO CMG is a British businessman and musician, CEO of Dubai Airports, a company based in the United Arab Emirates and wholly owned by the Dubai government.

Dubai Airports owns and operates Dubai International Airport, currently ranked first in the world for passenger traffic and sixth in cargo traffic.

Dubai Airports is also developing Dubai World Central, 35 km south of central Dubai, as part of a 148 sq km “Aerotropolis”.

He is a regular accompanist for the RSCM Voices South Choir, the Dubai Singers and Dubai Chamber Choir at Christ Church in Jebel Ali.

Griffiths has combined a business career with active participation in music and has appeared in solo recitals and orchestral performances throughout the world.

Griffiths was featured as a soloist in the St Albans International Organ Festival and has appeared at Birmingham Symphony hall as soloist in Poulenc’s Organ Concerto.

Griffiths has three children and lives in Dubai, London, and Sussex.

Catholic University Of America

Born in England, Paul J. Griffiths received a bachelor of arts with first class honors in theology in 1978 and a master’s of philosophy in Sanskrit and classical Indian religion from Oxford University.

He received his Ph.D. in Buddhist studies from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1983, where he was a visiting professor of Sanskrit and Buddhist studies from 1983 to 1984.

From 1984 to 1986, he was an assistant professor of Sanskrit at the University of Chicago.

In 1986 he moved to the University of Notre Dame as an assistant professor of theology.

He returned to the University of Chicago in 1990 as an associate professor until being named a full professor of philosophy of religion, holding appointments in the university’s divinity school, Department of South Asian Languages and Civilizations, and The College.

From 2000 to 2007 Griffiths was Schmitt Chair of Catholic Studies at the University of Illinois in Chicago, with appointments in the Department of Classics & Mediterranean Studies, the Department of Philosophy, and the Committee on Religious Studies.

> University Libraries research guide to resources related to inaugural year programs and speakers.

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Sorry For Your Loss

Griffiths begins with a puzzle from Scripture: How can we understand God’s evident regret over making Saul king, given that Christians believe God exists outside of time? He answers by showing how Christians have to speak of God in two registers, the metaphysical and the historical.

My regret is not about finding and removing the obstacles between me and other people, or between me and God, which is for Griffiths the whole point of confession.

Rather, my regret is a part of removing obstacles between my past and present selves.

Regret, including the kind that terminates in remorse, knits the old and new selves together.

Griffiths’s account makes good sense of regret over the kind of actions Catholics are supposed to confess: acts of personal moral wrongdoing.

Does regret play a role in such repentance? Did John the Baptist call for regret, for adopting an otherwise-attitude, in his preaching? This is where Griffiths could have said much more in this short book, even within the bounds of his “Grammatical” aim “To write what can be written about wishing things otherwise using the lexicon and syntax provided me by a particular construal of the Christian-theological archive.” Part of the trouble is that Griffiths does not say what his “Particular construal” of the archive is.

Griffiths’s writing often prompts disagreement, his interlocutors frequently calling him “Provocative.” American culture and the Catholic Church do not have well-formed theories about regret, and those who live by the “No regrets” maxim are unlikely to read this book, so it may not spur a vehement debate.

What Are Service Robots?

Most professional service robots are semi-autonomous or fully autonomous robots that have some mobility and interact with people, usually in a retail, hospitality, healthcare, warehouse or fulfillment setting.

Professional service robots are different from industrialized robots.

Industrial robots are used within the manufacturing industry, while professional service robots automate menial, dangerous, time-consuming, or repetitive tasks, thereby releasing human workers to accomplish more intellectual functions.

Most professional service robots are semi-autonomous or fully autonomous robots that have some mobility and interact with people, usually in a retail, hospitality, healthcare, warehouse or fulfillment setting, while others are used in more demanding settings, such as in space and defense, agricultural applications, and police work.

The productivity advantages of these service robots help businesses validate the outlay in professional service robots.

Medical robots are professional service robots that are used in and out of hospital settings to improve the level of patient care.

Medical service robots include telepresence robots for remote caregiving, disinfectant robots to reduce hospital acquired infections, robots that can accurately and efficiently draw blood, and robotic exoskeletons that provide external support and muscle training for rehabilitation.

What Are Service Robots And How They Benefit Mankind?

Unlike industrial robots, the service robotics is designed to give them more flexibility in reacting to different situations and environment where they render the service to humans.

Now, service robots can be used for both personal and professional services.

While demands for service robots grow by the day, agricultural service robots will be helpful in every aspect of farming and agriculture in the future.

The front office service robots computerized autonomous and flexible system interfaces which interrelate, interconnect, and render service to business customers.

Autonomous scientific service robots are used to handle tasks that are tasking for humans or tasks that can rarely be performed by humans.

In the future, many more uses of robots will manifest, and many businesses and industries will start to employ service robots.

The extensive types of service robots and their uses reflect a high demand for autonomous service rendered by robots outside the manufacturing environment.

Robot Hire For Exhibitions And Events

The perfect addition to any event or party, the Robot Photo Booth.

Everyone loves selfies, everyone loves taking photos, so how do you capitalise on that to make something truly incredible at your party? The answer is simple – a robot photo booth from photobooths.co.uk!

The robot photo booth, otherwise known as Eva, is the ideal guest at your event or party.

There are all manner of customisation options, and the interaction you get with Eva makes her leagues ahead of your everyday static photo booth.

With the perfect photo taken, you can then have the choice of either printing it out, sending it to a mobile device, or Eva can do the hard work for you and upload the image straight to your social media!

The joy of Eva the photography robot is that she’s so versatile.

Hiring a photography robot such as Eva, or indeed any of the service robots available from the specialists at servicerobots.com, is both easy and affordable.

Air Duct Cleaning Service Burnaby BC

Air ducts are responsible for maintaining the inflow and outflow of air in your home.

Homeowners need to keep the air ducts of various air components clean to maintain a healthy environment in their homes.

At iAir Robot Cleaning System Inc., we have a team of air quality experts who have years of experience in servicing air ducts and associated components.

Hire Home Duct Cleaning Services Expert Burnaby BC. If you know the importance of clean air ducts, you know the importance of air duct cleaning services.

The air ducts regulate the quality of air in a home.

Book a service FAQ How long does air duct cleaning last?

According to the National Air Duct Cleaners Association, air ducts should be cleaned every 3-5 years.

Service Robot

Service robots assist human beings, typically by performing a job that is dirty, dull, distant, dangerous or repetitive.

The International Organization for Standardization defines a “Service robot” as a robot “That performs useful tasks for humans or equipment excluding industrial automation applications”.

For service robots this ranges from partial autonomy – including human-robot interaction – to full autonomy – without active human robot intervention.

The International Federation of Robotics statistics for service robots therefore include systems based on some degree of human robot interaction or even full tele-operation as well as fully autonomous systems.

Service robots are system-based autonomous and adaptable interfaces that interact, communicate and deliver service to an organization’s customers.

Event Robots are starting to be used within the realms of service Robots to engage with clients and event attendees.

“Eva” photography Robot is a great example of how a Robot can be used for events to engage attendees.

TE Connectivity

TE Connectivity is an American Swiss-domiciled technology company that designs and manufactures connectors and sensors for several industries, such as automotive, industrial equipment, data communication systems, aerospace, defense, medical, oil and gas, consumer electronics and energy.

TE Connectivity has a global workforce of 89,000 employees, including more than 8,000 engineers.

In July 2007, Tyco separated into three publicly independent companies, Covidien Ltd, Tyco Electronics Ltd, and Tyco International Ltd (formerly Tyco Fire & Security and Tyco Engineered Products & Services (TFS/TEPS. On March 10, 2011, Tyco Electronics Ltd changed its name to TE Connectivity Ltd, which the company said felt more relevant to its position as a connectivity and sensor component manufacturer.

TE Connectivity’s product portfolio is focused on connectors and sensors that are made to withstand harsh environments.

TE Connectivity’s communications segment supplies electronic components for home appliances, including products for washers, dryers, refrigerators, air conditioners, dishwashers, cooking appliances, water heaters, and microwaves.

TE’s products are used for on- and off-highway vehicles and recreational transportation, including construction, agriculture, buses, and other vehicles.

TE’s defense products include ruggedized electronic interconnects serving military aviation, marine, and ground vehicles including electronic warfare and space systems.

Working At TE Connectivity: 1,056 Reviews

New people were put in managerial positions when they had no idea how the department was even run.

No matter how hard you worked it was never enough, rarely heard positive feedback for your hard work.

Training is done by people that are there only a few weeks if even that long.

Hardest part of the job is people not being trained uniformly/properly and that causes issues with quality.

Majority of the people in there are wonderful people and they made each work day tolerable.

Not allowed to come to work but punished in a sense for staying home doing the “Right thing” That creates an environment of people afraid to have to face quarantine and missing time and coming in sick.

People were afraid to be sent home with no time to cover because that was used against you.

TE Connectivity

Although National Engineers Week is February 20-26, we are regularly featuring innovative engineering talent on our Maker to Maker podcast.

Discover how mechanical engineering has helped Ryan Mackintosh with his problem solving skills in all aspects of life.

Definition From Insuranceopedia

A conflagration is a fire large enough to spread across a wide area, often destroying more than one property and potentially causing the loss of human lives.

Insurers monitor areas that are susceptible to this risk.

The extent of the damage can qualify a fire as a conflagration.

Insurers are wary of issuing policies to those who resided in conflagration-prone areas.

If they do approve of these policies, they charge higher premiums than they do for regular property insurance policies and demand that policyholders acquire protective devices or at least live in a property within the proximity of a fire department or another structure with safety and security mechanisms.

Conflagration Crossword Clue, Crossword Solver

Search millions of clues to find answers to crossword puzzle clues.

Wordplays has answers to Quick puzzles, General Knowledge puzzles, Cryptic Crossword Puzzles, and Variety puzzles.

The Crossword Solver find answers to clues found in the New York Times Crossword, USA Today Crossword, LA Times Crossword, Daily Celebrity Crossword, The Guardian, the Daily Mirror, Coffee Break puzzles, Telegraph crosswords and many other popular crossword puzzles.

Visit our Newsroom for information about the current status of visa services and visa restrictions related to the COVID-19 global pandemic.

A citizen of a foreign country who seeks to enter the United States generally must first obtain a U.S. visa, which is placed in the traveler’s passport, a travel document issued by the traveler’s country of citizenship.

Certain international travelers may be eligible to travel to the United States without a visa if they meet the requirements for visa-free travel.

The Visa section of this website is all about U.S. visas for foreign citizens to travel to the United States.

Apply For Nonimmigrant Visas To The U.S.

Learn how to apply for different types of nonimmigrant visas for tourists, students, business travelers and future spouses.

The process of applying for a visa will vary depending on the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you apply.

How to Apply for ESTA and Get Approval to Travel to the U.S. Visitors traveling to the U.S. for tourism or business meetings or conferences under the VWP can stay for up to 90 days without a visa.

The most common student visas are F-1 and M-1 visas.

Check out the differences between F-1 visas and M-1 visas and how to apply.

Only citizens of Canada and Mexico are eligible for a nonimmigrant North American Free Trade Agreement Professional visa to work in the U.S. The NAFTA Professional visa classification is TN and grants the holder temporary entry into the U.S. to work in business activities at a professional level for an initial period of up to three years.

You can go directly to a U.S. Customs and Border Protection port of entry, with your documentation for an interview to be admitted to the U.S. as a nonimmigrant who can legally work in the U.S. Mexican Citizens: a NAFTA Professional visa is required.

Travel Visa

Almost all countries will consider issuing a visa on arrival to a visitor arriving in unforeseen exceptional circumstances, for example: Under provisions of article 35 of the Schengen Visa Code, a visa may be issued at a border in situations such as the diversion of a flight causing air passengers in transit to pass through two or more airports instead of one.

In certain circumstances, it is not possible for the holder of the visa to do this, either because the country does not have a mechanism to prolong visas or, most likely, because the holder of the visa is using a short stay visa to live in a country.

Visa runs are frowned upon by immigration authorities as such acts may signify that the foreigner wishes to reside permanently and might also work in that country; purposes that visitors are prohibited from engaging in and usually require an immigrant visa or a work visa.

A country’s visa policy is called ‘reciprocal’ if it imposes visa requirement against citizens of all the countries that impose visa requirements against its own citizens.

The following table lists visa policies of all countries by the number of foreign nationalities that may enter that country for tourism without a visa or by obtaining a visa on arrival with normal passport.

The visa proposal followed an appeal by the tourist boards of the partner states for a common visa to accelerate promotion of the region as a single tourist destination and the EAC Secretariat wants it approved before November’s World Travel Fair in London.

They must then extend their visa or apply for an exit visa and are not allowed to leave the country until they show a valid visa or have a permissible excuse for overstaying their visa.

Apply For Visas To Worldwide Destinations

A travel visa, also called an entry visa, allows you to enter into a foreign country for a specified amount of time.

There are many foreign countries where no visa is required in order to visit.

If a travel visa is one of the foreign entry requirements for the places you plan to visit, you need to obtain it from the appropriate embassy or consulate office.

There are a large number of embassies in Washington, DC. Some countries allow you to apply for a visa by mail while others require a personal appearance.

As soon as you receive your travel visa, check it to make sure no mistakes were made.

For country-specific travel visa information, click on the appropriate link below.

Need more help? Visit our visa FAQ page or use the search box below.

Bolivia Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Bonaire, St. Eustatius, and Saba Business: No visa is required for a stay of up to 90 days.

Cuba Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Curacao Business: No visa is required for a stay of up to 90 days.

Democratic Republic of the Congo Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Denmark Business: No visa is required for a stay of up to 90 days.

Eritrea Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Estonia Business: No visa is required for a stay of up to 90 days.

Ghana Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Gibraltar Tourist: No visa is required for a stay of up to six months.

Syria Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Taiwan, China Business: Visa Required Tourist: No visa is required for a stay of up to 90 days.

Togo Business: Visa Required Tourist: Visa Required Tonga Tourist: Visa Required Trinidad and Tobago Business: No visa is required for a stay of up to 90 days.

Permanent Residence

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada facilitates the entry of permanent residents in a way that maximizes their economic, social, and cultural contribution to Canada while at the same time protecting the health, safety, and security of Canadians.

The permanent resident card is the official proof of permanent resident status in Canada.

There are residency requirements and obligations to obtain and maintain permanent resident status.

Permanent Residency In Canada

Let’s take a closer look at what the requirements are to get Canada permanent residency, as well as what you can and can’t do as a Canadian permanent resident.

If you want to immigrate to Canada and get permanent residency you will need to not only meet the requirements of your chosen immigration programs but also be considered eligible to enter or be admissible to Canada.

To remain a Canadian permanent resident, you will need to meet a residency obligation, which means that you need to physically be in Canada for a specified amount of time.

If you have lost your Permanent Resident Card, you will need a document called a Permanent Resident Travel Document to return back to Canada.

There are various ways to do this but perhaps the best way, if you don’t qualify for an immigration program, is to get a Canada work visa or study a 1-year course in Canada and apply for a Post-graduate Work Permit.

No, but studying in Canada can open up the doors to permanent residency.

Using an RCIC not only gives you the best possible chance of receiving an Invitation to Apply for permanent residency in Canada but will also make the entire process simple and stress-free.

Canada Introduces New Temporary And Permanent Residence Programs For Ukrainians

The Government of Canada announced new immigration streams for Ukrainians who want to come to Canada temporarily or permanently.

This pathway is for immediate and extended family members of Canadians who want to start a new life in Canada.

It is important to note that all Ukrainians who come to Canada under these measures will be able to apply for open work permits.

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada is taking additional steps to support Ukrainians and people residing in Ukraine.

Ensuring that Ukrainians currently in Canada are able to extend their stay or stay longer in Canada by prioritizing the renewal of work and study permits.

This policy would allow temporary residents who receive a job offer to remain in Canada and start working while they wait for their work permit application.

According to the Government’s website, IRCC will issue open work permits to Ukrainian visitors, workers and students who are currently in Canada and cannot go home.

Permanent Residency In Canada

Permanent residency in Canada is a status granting someone who is not a Canadian citizen the right to live and work in Canada without any time limit on their stay.

In addition to the conferred right of abode in Canada, a primary benefit of permanent residency is the eligibility to apply for Canadian citizenship after a certain period of permanent residency.

To re-enter Canada on a commercial carrier a permanent resident must present either their permanent resident card or a Permanent Resident Travel Document issued by a Canadian diplomatic office.

From December 31, 2003, every permanent resident must be able to present his or her permanent resident card upon boarding a commercial carrier in order to travel to Canada.

As the permanent resident card may be issued only in Canada, those permanent residents who are outside Canada and without a permanent resident card may apply for a single-use Permanent Resident Travel Document from the nearest Canadian diplomatic office.

Although an individual may meet the residency requirements by living outside of Canada with a Canadian citizen spouse, or working outside Canada for a Canadian business, the Permanent Resident Card cannot be renewed without being present in Canada and having a Canadian address.

A person can become a Permanent Resident either by applying outside Canada or inside Canada.